高考英语推理判断题解题技巧

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考英语推理判断题解题技巧高考英语阅读理解很重要而且很复杂，为什么复杂？是因为阅读理解有很多题型，那么这些题型中有哪些很重要呢？接下来就跟大家谈谈非常重要的一种题型推理题！再说推理题之前，我们先来看一道汉语推理题。人，就是想探寻宇宙奥秘，觅其所未见，因之为探天险而丧生者已为数众多。人类必须征服自然，金沙江之类的天堑改变成通途，事关国计民生，造福古今后世。不意缆车之发明却大大发展了旅游事业，大量赚钱，满足了弱者也能登临天险的好奇心，后果却摧毁了人间天险。Q：对这段文字的主旨最准确的概括是（ ）。A.缆车的发明可以使自然界的天险变成通途B.缆车既使旅游业赚钱，也满足了游客

2、探险的愿望C.缆车可以让弱者登临天险而不必担心有生命危险D.缆车满足了人的好奇心，也限制了人对自然的探寻解 正确答案为D。段落第三句是说缆车发展了旅游、满足了好奇心，后半句发生意思转折，指出缆车也摧毁了人对自然的探寻。由此，可以看出A、B、C三项仅概括了缆车的正面作用，而没有概括由于缆车而产生的负面效果，故正确答案为D。这个问题很简单吧，汉语推理so easy，但为什么考研阅读推理题同学得分不高呢？你是怎么做的呢？段落翻译一下？选项翻译一下？逐个匹配一下？二选一错一下？付出和收获不成正比？大多数原因是主观臆断，想象力和自我感觉占了主导。言外之意就是，没有找到推理题的解题原则和方法。推理题长什么

3、样？传统推理题的题干标志词主要有infer, imply, indicated, suggest, learn等等；新型推理题的题干还有paragraph这种提示段落的词。推理题分哪几种？单段推理、多段推理和细节推理。细节推理一听这个名字就是混血儿。它既长得像细节题又长得像推理题。接下来我们会一一给大家讲解。如何破解推理题？看似神秘的推理题，实则就是考察段落的主要内容、中心大意。现阶段我们已经掌握了如何去找段落中心，怎么找？六大标志别忘记！一个逻辑两个动词和两个特殊还有平铺。具体说就是表示顺接和转接的逻辑词、观点动词、情态动词、特殊标点、特殊句型、平铺直叙的段首和段尾等等。所以推理题答案就在这

4、六大标志处，光说不练假把式，我们实战演练如何？But what we forget-what our economy depends on us forgetting-is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone

5、to tell us, as religion once did, Memento: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. Its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.39. We can learn from the last paragraph that th

6、e author believes_.A. happiness more often than not ends in sadness.B. the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing.C. misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.D. the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms.【解】做题步骤是三思一行。第一思题干类型。learn, paragraph，推理题。第二思考点定位句。我们首先要找段落中心六大标志。错误做法看到冒号的同学如获至宝

7、，Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it(记住你会死，一切都将结束，幸福不是否定这一切而是坦然接受，言外之意就是死亡不可避免)，然后就选了A或者C。强调一下，如果冒号出现在论据里它就没那么重要了，冒号前面是解释说明一种宗教信仰，宗教作为一个例子来看就没有那么重要了。所以我们可以把这句话去掉不看，在剩下三个句子里找。 But what we forget-w

8、hat our economy depends on us forgetting-is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us.Its a message

9、 even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.根据顺序性和密度性原则，我们找到考点定位句是 Its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.做到这里我们同学其实已经可以得出正确答案了，我们严格按照步骤做完来验证一下。第三思定位句中关键词。yet逻辑词表示转折，我们做汉语推理题

10、就深有感觉，转折后的意思是重点。关键词=主题词+属性词(情感态度变化)，主题词是it, 属性词就是 bitter yet fresh。一行选项等价代换完全匹配。题做完了，是不是三思一行让你很踏实无后顾之忧啊！相比较而言，第二步更重要一些，如果考点定位句找错了，方向错了再努力也是白搭。所以同学们上课不仅要认真听做好笔记，课下要严格按照三思一行步骤解题，一定要把六大标志逐行扫描干净，不然第二步可能就会出现偏差。例题解析：We tend to think of plants as the furniture of the natural world. They dont move，they dont

11、 make sounds and they dont seem to respond to anythingat least not very quickly. But as is often the case，our humans view of the world misses quite a lot. Plants talk to each other all the time. And the language is chemical.Over the years，scientists have reported that different types of plants，from

12、trees to tomatoes，release compounds(化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants. These chemical warnings all have the same purpose to spread information about one plants disease or infestation so other plants can defend themselves. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is

13、still mysterious.In this weeks Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，researchers in Japan offered some explanations. They had identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action.The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest，the cutworm. The r

14、esearchers studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants. They found one compound showed up more often in the exposed plants. The substance is called HexVic. When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms，it knocked down their survival rate by 17%.The scientists identified the source of HexVic，and sp

15、rayed it lightly over healthy plants. Those plants were then able to start producing the cutworm killing HexVic .Researchers confirmed that uninfected plants have to build their own weapons to fight off bugs and disease. How do they know when to play defense? They are warned first by their friendly

16、plant neighbors.It is a complex tale，and it may be happening in more plant species than tomatoes.It may also be happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us. Further studies are needed to increase agricultural efficiency.17How do plants warn their neighbors?AThey make use of win

17、ds. BThey release some chemicals.CThey identify the chemicals. DThey are exposed early.18Whats the function of HexVic?AIt damages the cutworms body. BIt shows up more.CIt cures the disease. DIt sprays over healthy plants.19It can be inferred from the text that_Athere are not chemical signalsBthe phe

18、nomenon may be happening in less plant species than tomatoesCfarmers may benefit from the further studiesDplants are warned first by their neighbors20The passage is likely to appear in _Aa newspaper advertisement Ba physics textbookCa science magazine Da finance report【解题导语】 人们倾向于认为植物是大自然的装饰品。它们不能移动

19、，不能发出声响，看起来不对任何事情作出反应。但是情况常常并非如此，植物一直都在说话。17解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“scientists have reported that different types of plants，from trees to tomatoes，release compounds(化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants.”可知，不同种类的植物通过释放一些化合物进而帮助附近的植物，即B项正确。18解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“When the scientists fed HexVic to

20、cutworms，it knocked down their survival rate by 17%.”和“Those plants were then able to start producing the cut worm killing HexVic.”可知，A项正确。19解析：选C。推理判断题。由文章的最后一句可推知，通过进一步的科学研究可以提高农业效率，农民会从中受益，即C项正确。20解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容可推知，本文应该是一篇科研报告性质的文章ExerciseFrom good reading we can get pleasure, companionship,

21、experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we a

22、re sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.     With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters in it are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they

23、 may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble (相像)human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to we

24、lcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. While human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us frie

25、ndship, sympathy, and encouragement.     Of all the gifts from reading books, the most valuable one is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape fro

26、m the seemingly dull realities of daily routines or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our

27、heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb high mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mix

28、with the merry crowds of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of

29、 nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.1. Why do we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?   A. No one is trying to disturb y

30、ou there.      B. All is so quiet and calm around you.   C. The book you read is so fascinating.       D. Our life is just far from satisfactory.2. What makes people like their acquaintances in books even more?   A. They are

31、just like our human friends.       B. They are unfamiliar types we like.   C. They will never ever abandon us.           D. They will never hurt our feelings.3. The word “hazardous” means _.    A. “unexpec

32、ted”           B. “dangerous”       C. “imaginary”       D. “unusual”4. “. the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that we can_.   A. experience the whole world just by rea

33、ding    B. get anywhere in the world only by asking   C. make a trip around the world free of charge     D. actually possess everything in this world5. What is the most suitable title for this passage?   A. Reading and traveling   

34、;        B. Experiencing the world     C. Traveling with books            D. Gifts from reading参考答案：CCBADMCDONALDS Android, Fanta, Yahoo When you look at these brands logos, how do they make

35、 you feel? Logos are like companies faces. A team of psychologists recently found that our brains are good at remembering different logos, and we develop this ability from the age of 2. Young children tested in the study could identify logos and link them to the correct products about 67 percen

36、t of the time. “Some logos are so powerful that they dont need to spell out their names,” Alex Hillsberg of Finance son line. Com told the Daily Mail. “They transcend (跨越) cultural borders.” Intrigued (激起的好奇心) by this finding, Hillsberg did his own study, trying to figure out what it is ab

37、out logos that makes such strong impressions. He found that customers tend to judge products within 90 seconds of seeing them, and most of this judgment is based on one thing-color. Its been known for years that different colors affect peoples emotions differently-scientists call this “col

38、or psychology”. And some of these effects are similar for most people. So Hillsberg studied many of the worlds most popular logos, focusing especially on their colors. Red, for example, tends to convey “energy”. Thus, it is associated with intensity(强烈) and feelings of passion. This is why it i

39、s used in the logo for the energy drink Red Bull. The blue Samsung logo brings feelings of trust and confidence because people associate blue with the “depth and stability (沉稳) of the sky and sea”, said Hillsberg. The big yellow letter “M” of Mcdonalds is associated with joy and energy, wh

40、ile Androids and Starbucks greens were designed to communicate “the harmony of nature”. The purple used by Yahoo is usually linked with the “luxury of royalty(贵族)”. And orange makes people feel creative, which is perfect for brands such as the Web browser Firefox and the drink Fanta. Brown logo

41、s make companies appear reliable, which is why the color is used by the chocolate brand M&Ms. People used to think that logo designers chose colors based largely on their own preference, but this study says otherwise. “They are calculated,” said Hillsberg. “Big businesses choose logo c

42、olors with one thing in mind: that you remember their logos in your sleep.”6. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?A. Young children are better at identifying logos than adults are.B. Most people can tell logos apart in less than a minute.C. Logo designers often take cu

43、ltural differences into consideration.D. Some logos are so effective that they immediately remind people of their brands.7. Why does Alex Hillsberg focus on logoscolors?A. He believes logo designers usually prefer certain colors.B. He thinks that logos colors have a big influence on customers judgme

44、nts about brands.C. He thinks logos colors are the easiest thing for customers to remember about them.D. He discovered new theory called “color psychology thinks its a good place to start from.8. The Samsung logo and M&Ms chocolate logo are successful because both _.A. make customers feel that t

45、heir brands are trustworthyB. bring great joy and passion to customersC. give customers the impression of being nature-friendlyD. inspire customers to expand their creative thinking9. What is the article mainly about?A. How to become a logo designer.    B. How our brain recognize

46、s and remembers logos.C. What makes some logos so impressive.D. The cultural influence of logos.参考答案：DBAC   Europe on Thursday launched the first satellite of its Copernicus Earth observation project that will supply valuable images in the event of natural disasters or even a plane crash. 

47、    The Sentinel-la satellite,  which was sent into Earth' s orbit from Europe's spaceport in French Guiana9 will be used to monitor sea ice, oil spills and land use and to respond to emergencies such as floods and earthquakes.The Copernicus proiect ,  for which the

48、European Union and the -European Space Agency (ESA) have committed funding of around 8. 4 billion euros (_$_11. 5 billion) until 2020, is described by the _ESA as the most ambitious earth observation program  to date.     "The big step forward is that we can now cover e

49、very place on Earth every three to six days," Volker Liebig, director of ESA' s Earth Observation program, said ahead of the launch. "If you want to use images for disaster management support or to find a plane, then you want the images to be as fresh as possible. " But he caution

50、ed you would first need to know roughly where a plane had crashed, which is not the case with the missing Malaysian Airlines jet.    Copernicus also offers new business opportunities. Images can be downloaded free of charge, meaning companies can then use them to help deliver data to farmers on soil condition