人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习

1、名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。 名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、 表语、宾语和同位语。 主语从句： Who will win the match is still unknown.宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you.表语从句： The fact is that we have lost the game.同位语从句： The n ews that we won the game is excit ing.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词不充当从句的任何成分：t

2、hat whether ,if连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever连接畐【J词： when ,where ,how ,whyObject Clauses宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。位置：通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词或介词之后。句子结构：主句+连词引导词+宾语从句e.g. She askedjf these an swers were right.We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I

3、don t knowhere we will hold the meeting.通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1) Could you tell me.A. you will get here whe nC. get here whe n you will2) Mother asked his son whatB. whe n will you get hereD. whe n you will get herefor lunch at school.A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had3

4、) Poin ti ng to the young pla nt, he asked methat was the one we had see n in the picture.A. what B. ifC. where D. how二、连接词1、附属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分):that ,whether ,if1、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.2、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find,

5、consider, believe, feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语 that从句那么放在句尾此时that 一定不可 以省略I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. We heard it that she would get married n ext mon th.3、that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe.4、if和Whether的区别1、由 连词if、whether引导的表示 是否的宾语从

6、句。Whether在从句中不做句 子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。例：I don t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.2、下面几种情况只能用 whether 和不定式连(whether to do sth.用作宾语时不用if引导.例: Whether to go there hasntbeen decided.They asked me whether to go shopp ing. 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.例: I don t know whether the star will come or not. 在介

7、词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例: I m thinking fhether we should go fishing. 宾语从句提前时：例: Whether this is true or no t, I can t say.练习：1.1 asked hershe had a bike.2. We re worried abouthe is safe.3. I won derhe is well.4. I don t knowor not he is well.5. I don t knowto go.2、连接代词和连接副词连接代词： what, who, whom, whose, whic

8、h, wh+ever 连接畐寸词：when ,where ,how ,why 因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不 可省略。Do you know what he said just now?I don t remembehen we arrived.I asked him where I could get so much mon ey.Please tell me who (whom) we have to see.1. Wang Hai told mehe did nt go hik ing yesterday after noonhow, why

9、2. Can you tell meelse is going to be on duty today? who, whom3. He always thinkshe can do better. how, who4. They dont knowwe are going hiki ng. (whe n, what)5.1 dont knowso many people crowd ing round him. (how, why)6. Do you knowshirt it is? (whose, who s)三、时态1. 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定I know

10、 that he lives here.I know that he lived here ten years ago.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.2. 如果主句是过去的时态一般过去时，过去进行时，从句的时态一定要用相 对应的过去的某种时一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时I knew who lived here.I saw that she was talk ing with her mother.He said that his father had gone to Beiji ng.3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然

11、现象时，仍用一般现在时。He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me that the earth moves around the sun.1. The young man askedits summer or win ter.A. either B. that C. weatherD. whether2. We dont knowthey did it.A. howB. who C. whatD. which3. The teacher asks usJim can come back on time.A. thatB. if

12、C. whe nD. what time4. Does an ybody knowwe will have a sports meeti ng this weeke nd or not.A. ifB. where C. whether D. that5. Could you show me?A. how can I get to the statio n B. where is the statio nC. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station8. Some one is ringing the doorbe

13、ll. Go and see .A. who is heB. who he is C. who is itD. who it is10. He says that if ittomorrow, hefishi ng.A. will rain, wont goB. rain ed, was nt goC. rains, wont goD. rain, will goPredicative Clauses表语从句This is his job. This is what he does every day. 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后。般结构是 主语+系动词+表语从句。

14、系动词有那些呢？常见的系动词分为三种：A .表示特征和状态：be, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appearB. 表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, rur等C. 表示某种状态的： remai r, keep, prove, continue, stay等 从句连接词分为三类：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。连接词：that / whether /as if /as though if 不引导表语从句连接代词:who / whom / whose / which / what连接畐

15、词:when / where / why / how / because用横线画出表语从句： The questio n iswhether we can rely on him.That is becausewe were in n eed of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry.That is why I was late.过观察，我们可以知道表语从句的语序也是用陈述语序1、 that引导的表语从句，that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可 省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用

16、。The fact is that he hasn t yet recover from illness.Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.*名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：idea,opinion, belief, view, n ews, advice, feeli ng, suggesti on, pla n, trouble, questi on, probler等The fact is that our team has won the

17、 game.The truth is that she was the very pers on we are look ing for.2、whether引导的表语从句，连接词 whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底在句中也不作任何成分注意：if不能引导表语从句。The question is whether we can rely on him.What the doctor doubts is whether my mother will recover from the disease soon.3、连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接

18、作用外，还可在从句中从当 主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。Tom is no Ion ger what he used to be.The questi on is which of us should come first.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.My stron gest memory is when I atte nded an America n wedd ing.4.

19、 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、 方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。That where I can t agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5. 其他连词 as if, because, as, as though；丨导的表语从句because引导表语

20、从句通常只用于“ This/That/It is because结构中。as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词 look, seem, sound, be, becomes后面, 常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.My an ger is becauseyou have n t writte n to me for a long time.1. That sthe Party called on us to do.A. why B. what C. how D.

21、that2. The reas on ishe is un able to operate the machi ne.A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3. She lookedshe were ten years youn ger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though4. Jane is no Ion gershe was four years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. whe n5. your father wants to know isgetting on with your studi

22、es.A. What; how are youB.That; how you areC. How ； that you areD.What ； how you are6. The trouble iswe are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. why that7. America waswas first called“India by Columbus.A. what B. whereC. the place D. there where8. China is beco ming stron ger and stron ger. It is no

23、 longer.A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be9. he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What thatB. That whatC. What whatD. That what10. The en ergy isA. that B. which C. whatD. suchmakes the cells able to do their work.综合练习:I flew to Ne

24、w York for the talk show on TV last week .Is thatyou had a few days off?A. whyB. whe nC. whatD. whereI ask hercome with meA . if she will B . if will sheC . whether will she D . will sheIt was a matter ofwould take the positionA . who B . whoever C . whomD . whomeverIt is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a childhe or she wantsA . however B . whatever C . whicheverD . whe neverGo and get your coat Itsyou left it .A . there B . where C . there where D . where thereI won der how much.A . does the watch cost B . did the watch costC . the watch costedD . the watch costsIt washe saiddisappo