人教版英语八年级下unit1讲解与练习

1、Unit1 What ' s the matt？er1. What ' t the matter ? 怎么了 ？matter 此处为可数名词，意为 “毛病；麻烦，通常用于句型What' s the matter with sb. 中? 。该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦 。 What ' s the matter with him ? 他怎么了 ？ He has a headache . 他头痛 。拓展：(fatter还可作为不与物动词，意为要紧，有关系'，主要用于否认句，疑问句或者条件句中。It doesn ' t matt没有

2、关系 。Does it matter if I ' m a bit late ? 我晚一会到有关系吗 ？(2.no matter 与 who , what , where 等连用，相当于 whoever , whatever wherever 等，可引导让步状语从句。Don' t open the door , no matter whocomes . 不管谁来都别开口。2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛 。Stomachache 为可数名词，意为 “胃痛；腹痛Eg: Mary didn ' t come to school yesterday be

3、cause she had a stomachache. 拓展：在英语中，一局部表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache疼痛后，可以构成合成名词。女口 headache头痛，toothache 牙痛，stomachache 胃痛，backache 背痛，earache耳朵痛。3. She talked too much yesterday and didn' t drink eno她昨wO说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。 1此处 too much 相当于一个副词，修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语，意为 “太多。Eg: She worried too much .Eating too mu

4、ch is bad for your health.2此处enough为形容词，意为足够的"。修饰名词时，常放在名词前，且位置后置。Eg: It is good enough gor me .Is the water warm enough for you?Enough 还可以构成句型搭配： be + adj.+enough+to do 足够做某事Eg: Though he has grown up , he isn' t brave enough to go out alone at night.4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有

5、蜂蜜的热茶 。with 为介词，在此处意为 “加上；具有；带有，表示事物的附属局部或所具有的性质，其反义词为 without 。Eg: Would you like some tea with sugar ?China is a country with a long history .No man could live without water .拓展：ith意为 和.在一起"Mr.Black is talking with a friend .©with意为用工具、手段等"You can cut it with a knife .©3 with 表

6、示方式、情况或者条件 。She likes to sleep with the light on .The teacher came in with a smile on his face .例题解析： Would you like some coffee,please ? Yes , and please get some sugar . I prefer coffeesugar .A . to B. forC withD from5. You need to take breaks away from the computer . 你需要离开电脑休息几天 。(1) need 在此处为实意动

7、词，意为 “需要，后面可接名词，代词，动名词与带有 to 的不 定式作宾语。Eg: We need to think twice about it .She needs your help .拓展：Need作情态动词，意为需要，必需。无人称和数的变化，否认式为 needn 't后面一般接动词原形。Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must . / No ,yo needn' t .If she wants anything ， she need only ask .(2) break 此处用作可数名词，意为 “课间的休息。Eg: He

8、 sat under the big tree to take a break. There is a 10-minute break between classes . 拓展：(Jbreak作不与物动词，意为碎；破"。其过去式为broke,过去分词为broken。Eg： Glasses breaks easily .©2break 作与物动词，意为 “弄碎，弄破。Eg: He broke his right leg last month .©3break 作与物动词，意为 “不遵守法律，规那么等。Eg: The teacher is talking to the

9、 student who broke the rules .6. I think you should lie down and test . 我认为你应该躺下休息 。 1 lie (lay , lain , lying) 此处为不与物动词，意为 “躺；卧Eg: Don ' t lie in bed all morning .He found a dog lying at the door .拓展：e作为不与物动词，意为撒谎，说谎"，过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lyi ng。Eg: You are lying to me .记作可数名词，意为谎话，假话"

10、Eg: I know he told a lie just now . I believe that it is a white lie .(3jay动词，意为 产卵，下蛋"，过去式和过去分词均为laid .Eg: The hens are not laying well at the moment .(2) rest 常作可数名词，意为 “休息"Eg: You must take a tes from your work7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor . 如果明天你的头和

11、脖子还痛 的话，就去看医生。(1) 此处连词 if 引导条件状语从句，意为 “如果，假设"。Eg: If she arrives in New York , I'll telephone you .例题解析：I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend .If he ， we will be very excited .A eB. comesC. will comeD .came(2) go to a doctor 为固定短语，意为 “看医生"，相当于 go to see a do

12、ctor .Eg: Bill went to a doctor yesterday .Don't take any medicine before going to a doctor .8. He got off and asked the woman what happened .他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事 。 1get off 为“动词+副词"结构的短语，人称代词作宾语时，应放在动词与副词之间，此处意为 “下车"。辨析：(T)get off意为下汽车、火车、飞机等"The first passenger to get off the bus wa

13、s a woman .)get on意为登上汽车、火车、飞机等"，后面常跟较大的交通工具，反义词为getoffWhen I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting there .(3) et into意为进入小汽车、出租车、电梯等"，后面常跟较小的交通工具。反义词为 get out ofHe got into a taxi and left .(4get out of意为从小汽车、出租车、直升飞机等下来"She got out of the car and wen into the hall .例题解析：Don't

14、 the bus until it stops .A. turn offB.put onC.get offD.set up(2) happen 为与物动词，意为 “发生d当表示 某人或者某物发生某事'时，某人或者某物必须放在介词to后面，用句型sth. Happe ns to sb./sth.来表达What has happened to Judy ?当用作 碰巧"时，常用句型sb. Happens to do sth和It happens + that从句She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore .It happene

15、d that I had no money with me .9. Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必须快点行动。have to 不得不 ，后面接动词原形辨析： have to 和 mustd1have to 强调客观上的需要 ； must 强调主观上的必要性。I have to tidy up the room . 客观需要I must tidy up the room . 主观想法d2have to 有人称，数和时态变化，可用于一般现在时，一般过去时或一般将来时等；must 无人称，数，时态变化，主要用于一般现在时。Does he ha

16、ve to stay here ?Must she finish her homework first ?(3它们的否认形式不同。don ' t have t(表示 不必要，不需要must'表示 禁止，不允许，不应该"You don ' t have to help him . You mustn ' t help him10. But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料，他们都同意和他一起 去。(1) to one ' s surpris为固定结构，意为 使某人惊

17、讶的是 "类似结构还有 to one ' t jo使 人开心的是 ;to one ' s disappointmen令人失望的是 ;to one ' s satisfactio使某人满意的 是To his surprise , she won the first prize .(2) agree 为与物动词。后面可跟名词，代词，动词不定式或者宾语从句。辨析：(Qgree to后面接方案或者建议©gree on后面接日期或者条款。(3gree with后面接人或者意见。I agree to your plan .They agreed on these

18、 terms .I agree with you .11. The old man got to the hospital in time . 那位老人与时到达了医院。get to意为到达"。此处get为补给物动词，当后面接地点名词时，要加上介词to .辨析：(Tget不与物动词，后面可接地点名词作宾语要加介词to要是接地点副词 home, here和there 不用 to .I get home at 7:00 P.m. every day .What time shall we get to Beijing ?©2arrive 不与物动词，可直接跟地点副词；加上介词 a

19、t/in 后，才能接地点名词。 点用 in； 小地点用 at©3reach 与物动词，其后可接跟地点名词，也可跟地点副词。I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .We reached here on foot .Section B1. Put on a clean T-shirt .穿上意见干净的 T恤衫。put on 为“动词+副词短语，意为 “穿上；戴上。代词作其宾语时，须放在 put on 的中 间。He put on a coat and went out .辨析：©1put on 穿衣表动作©2wear “

20、穿衣与物动词，表状态©3dress 给传衣服与物动词，宾语只能为人。表状态。 be in 同 be dressed in©4bein 穿着后面接表衣服的名词或表示颜色的形容词，例题解析：1. warm clothes, or you ' ll catch a cold .2. The children are nice clothes today .3. The girl red is his daughter.4.I him every morning .2. Told him to rest .Tell 为与物动词， tell sb. (not) to do s

21、th. 意为 “告诉某人不要做某事。He told me to write a report .The police told the children not to play in the street .例题解析：Tell the children unhealthy food . It ' s bad for their health.A. not to eat B.not eating C.to eat D.eating3. Have problem breathing . 呼吸困难。(1) have problems (in)doing sth. 为固定短语，意为 “做某事有

22、问题或困难，同意短语为 have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.He had problems (in) learning English grammar .He has no problem (in) singing the song .4. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing . 阿伦罗尔斯顿是 个对爬山很感兴趣的美国人。1此处 who is 为定语从句，修饰名词 man ,who 为关系代词。当被修饰词为人时，常用关系代词 who 或者 th

23、at 引导定语从句。Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?The man that / who you are waiting for won ' t come .(2) be interested in 为固定短语，意为 “对 感兴趣，相当于 take interest in .Interesting 引起“兴趣的，有趣的。作表语或定语，修饰物。Interested “感兴趣的只作表语，主语为人。一言辨析：I ' m interested in the interesting things我对那些有趣的事物感兴趣。 例题解

24、析：The story is and all of us are in it .A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestingD.interesting;interested5. As a mountain climber ,Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 1此处 as 为介词，意为 “作为。As a party member , I must be strict with myself .He works in the hotel as a

25、cook .(2) 此处 be used to 意为“习惯于 ; 适应于 ,后面接名词、代词或动名词。He is used to hard work .She is used to getting up early .(3) take risks 意为 “冒险，相当于 take a risk 。You can ' t get rich without taking risks . They were taking a risk when they did that .6. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life beca

26、use of accidents . 有许屡次阿伦因为意外事故几乎失去生命。 1此处 time 为可数名词，意为 “次数。How many times have you been to Paris ?He failed his driving test five times .(2) almost 副词，意为 “几乎，差不多。Almost all the guests are here .He has almost finished his work .(3) 辨析 because of 和 because(because of因为'，介词短语，后面接名词或者代词。I didn 

27、9;t go because of the rain .(2because因为"，连词，引导原因状语从句。He didn ' t comestochool because he was ill .7. He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。(1) ready 为形容词，意为 “准备好的，乐意的，愿意的"，常作表语。Lunch is ready .Have you got everything ready ? 拓展：(1be ready to do sth.准备好了做某事"，主要强调已经准备好了要做某事，表示即

28、将去做。We are ready to answer the questions .She is always ready to help others .)be ready for 为.准备好"He was ready for the death .(2) die (died , died , dying ) 为不与物动词，意为 “死，死亡"His parents died long ago .Nowadays many people die of cancers .The man is dying . 那个人就要死了。 拓展：die 的形容词形式为 dead , 名词形

29、式为 death 。A dead person can 't speak .Her grandmother has been dead for two years .Many people fear death .His death is heavier than Mount Tai .8.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。(1) use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事"I use my pen to write a letter .I use a knife

30、 to cut apples . = I use a knife for cutting apples .(2) cut off 为固定短语，意为 “切除，切断"。When was the telephone cut off ? 拓展：常见的与 cut 有关的短语：cut down 砍到，减少 cut up 切碎 cut in 插入 插嘴9. Then , with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .然后，他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。 (1)此处

31、 with 意为“用工具或器具等。You can cut it with a knife . 辨析： with 与 in with : 介词，“ 用工具They eat with forks .I 'll have to see it with my own eyes . In : 介词， “用语言，声音，材料等。She can give a talk in English .He talked to her in a low voice .(2)此处 so that 引导结果状语从句 ，意为“以至于。She got up late so that she missed the ear

32、ly bus .He has his head in bandages . 例题解析：Mr.Green speaks very loudly all the people can hear him .A. when B.so that C.because10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even at=fter this experience .他对登山如此快以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。1keep on doing sth.意为 继续做某事"。Th

33、e students are keeping on reading .She kept on working although she was tired . 拓展：eep doing sth.继续不停地做某事"Keep going until you reach the end of road .(2keep sb. Doi ng sth.使某人一直做某事"Do't keep your mother waiting.(3keep sb, from doi ng sth.阻止某人做某事"You shouldn 't keep him from wa

34、tching cartoons .(2) experience 此处用作可数名词 “经历。11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn't mind taking risks .阿伦喜爱爬山，不介意冒险。此处 mind 为动词，意为“介意；在乎。后面可接动名词作宾语，但不能跟动词不定式。I don 't mind at all .Do you mind if I open the window ? Would you mind parking your car there ?例题解析： Would you mind _ the windo

35、w ? It' s very hot . No, not at all . A.open B.to open C.opening单元练习一、单项选择每题 1 分 ，共 15 分1. Kelly, who's the girlglasses in the photo?- 一 It ' s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.A. by B. of C. on D. withs bad for their health.2. Students shouldn' t go to schoolbreakfast.

36、ItA. with B. without C. for D. by3. Victor can play piano. He can join the music club.A. a B. an C. the4. How do you like Li Yundi?- A cool guy! His music really beautiful.A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. looks5. 一 M um，I 'm not feeling well. Oh, dear! A. What ' s wrong? B. Not at all. C. Al

37、l right.onto the6. Young people today posting wonderful articles and beautiful photosmicromes- sage微信to share with friends.A. are afraid ofB. are used toC. are worried about7. Andrea Bocelli neverA. takes away B. gives away8. He hurried back home， which makes him a successful singer.C. gets up D. gi

38、ves up his schoolbag.A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches9. Why did you get up late this morning? I stayed up late last night, A. BecauseB. So C. Because of D. But10. What's the matter with you? 一 Ia headache.A. have B. take C. make D, like11. To our, the little girl is the first to go

39、to bed.A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising12. - -What did your sister do?-Shethe bus at the bus stop and went home.A. got to B. got up C. got down D. got off13. What did you see? I saw many boysgames near the river.A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play14.lt' sown busin事ssPleas

40、e do it yourself.A. you B. your C. yours D. his15. My father often cooks some delicious foodfor us at home.A. herself B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves 二 、完形填空 共 10 分Mr. and Mrs. Gree n were very worried about their son, Leo. He seemed to be dumb( 哑的 15 he was normal in every other way. Mr. and

41、Mrs. Greentriedeveryth ing to get him to 17 ,but with no success.Whe n Leo was six years old, the bestdoctors in the tow n18 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong. And he seemed to be smart.It was just that he _19spoke.“ There might be something wrong with his 20 , and he doesn' t know he&

42、#39;s able to speOkone doctor said. “ But he can read and,writjaid Mr. Green. “ Wd ve written him notes, telling him that he can speak. ""It ' s certainly ve21 , " another doctor said. Perhaps he ' ll beable to speak some day. " 22_ passed. Leo went to university. But he

43、did not say a 23 word. Then one day,Leo was havi ng a meal with his pare nts. Without any warning, he looked up from his 24 and said,“ Pass me the slgplease."Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited.spokekYou spoke!" they cried. “ Why have you25 so long to speak?"" I did n ' t have an

44、ythin gstoy, , he said.“ Un til now everyth ing was perfect. But you forgot to put salt in potatoes."17. A. speak18. A. taughtB. walkB. found19. A. neverB. often20.A. backB. hair21. A. un fairB. stra nge22. A. HoursB. Weeks23. A. goodB. right24. A. chairB. meal25. A. sleptB. walked三、阅读理解每题2分，16

45、. A. because B. whe n共40分C. thoughD. beforeC. playD. laughC. usuallyD. alwaysC. faceD. mi ndC. no isyietC. Mon thsD. YearsC. si ngleD. newG. handsD. booksC. servedD. waitedC. exam ined D. askedAs goodIt ' s important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat fruit a

46、nd vegetables three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every day because itforpeople, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary(必要的,especially for women. So you should have milk twice & day. It can help you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exer

47、cises or evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk.26. You should eatthree or four times a week.A. fruit and fish B. vegetables and mutt onC. tofu D. fruit and vegetables27. Tofu is good for .A. young people B. old people C. young and old people D. stude nts28. Why do people have milk?A

48、. It, s delicious.B. It' s a kind of drink.C. It ' s bad for you. D. It can help you keep strong.29. You should have milk .A. four times a day B. five times a week C. twice a day D. twice a week30. The passage mainly tells us.A. how to keep healthy B. what health isC. why health is importa n

49、tD. how ofte n you can eat tofuDo you know the story about Vince? It was a true story. Vince was an English boy and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him, “ Vince, your hands are very dirty again. Go and wash them. But Vince never

50、washed them well. He only put his hands in the water for a few seconds and then took them out again.Vince ' s uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with Vince ' and they brought their small son, Toby, with them. Toby was seven years old and he didn ' soap or wat

51、er, either.The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside. When theywere playing, Vince looked at Toby's hands and then went back to Toby 's parents and said proudly (骄傲地， “Toby's hands are dirtier than mine,“ Of course they ar，e Toby said angrily.“ You are

52、one yeahraonldI earmt, 31. Vince ' s mother asked him tothree or four times a day.A. wash his hands B. do his homework C. clean his bedroom D. wash his teeth32. When Vince saw Toby ' s hands, he_fe_l_t.A, sorry B. proud C. sad D. terrible33. Vince ' s hands were a littlethan Toby ' s

53、.A. dirtier B. cleaner C. bigger D. smaller34. From the story we know that .A. Vince liked soap and water, but Toby didn' tB. Toby liked soap and water ， but Vince didn 'tC. Vince and Toby liked soap and waterD. Vinc e and Toby didn ' t like soap or water35. How many people are there in

54、the story?A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven, CWhen I was about 12 ，a girl in my class liked to point out ( 指出 my problems. I was too thin ； I wasn 't a good stud；enIt talked too much ；I was too proud (骄傲， and so on. At last， I became very angry and ran to my father.He listened to me quietly. Th

55、en he asked, “ Are these things true or not? Do you know what you are really like? Go and make a list of what she said and find the things that are true. I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered ( 发现 that about half of the things were true. Some of them I could n'改变hange being ver

56、y thi n). But there were things Icould and wanted to change. For the first time, I got a clear picture of myself.I brought the list back to Dad. He didn't take it,，“Theats 'aids jus“t foYroyuouknow the truth (真相 about yourself better than anyone else. When people say something that is true a

57、bout you，you should find it helpful. ，'Our world is fu ll of people who think they know your matter. Don't be angry and feel hurt.Listen to them. ?根据短文容，判断正(T)误(F)。36. was angry because a girl in my class pointed out my problems.( )37. My father wasn ' t interested in what I sai)d.(38. found that about half of the things the girl said were true.( )39. was very proud so I didn' t want to change at) all.(40 No matter what people say? you should think it helpful. 句型转换5分41.1 have a stomachache.就画线局部提问 isyou?42.She should drink some