信息科技英语翻译之个人计算机系统及应用第一章

1、IT English Translation Course: Personal Computers and ApplicationsChapter 1Networking for Home and Small Businesses Wang QiaoshanCFL of CQUPT之之: 个人电脑系统及应用个人电脑系统及应用 第一章第一章: 家用网络与小型商务网络家用网络与小型商务网络汪乔山汪乔山重庆邮电大学外国语学院重庆邮电大学外国语学院/国际学院国际学院ObjectivesIdentify the purpose and uses of personal computers and des

2、cribe local and network applications.Compare and contrast different types of computing devices. Explain the binary representation of data.Determine appropriate components and peripheral devices to meet requirements.Install, verify, and upgrade computer components and peripherals.Practice technical t

3、ranslation.译文译文: 目目 标标了解个人计算机的目的和用途，能够描述本地和网络应用程序。比较和对比不同的计算设备。说明数据的二进制表示方式。确定符合要求的组件和外围设备。安装、验证和升级计算机组件与外围设备。练习技术翻译。Context Index1.1 Personal Computers and Applications 1.2 Types of Computers1.3 Binary Representation of Data1.4 Computer Components and Peripherals1.5 Computer System Components 译文译文:

4、 内容索引内容索引1.1 个人计算机和应用程序1.2 计算机类型1.3 数据的二进制表示1.4 计算机组件和外围设备1.5 计算机系统Enter1.1.1 How and Where Computers are UsedComputers are used all over the world and in all types of environments. Where are computers found within your environment? 计算机广泛应用于世界各地各种类型的环境中。商业、制造环境、家庭、政府办公室以及非盈利性组织。您所处的环境中，哪些地方应用了计算机？译文

5、译文: 1.1.1计算机的使用方式及应用场所计算机的使用方式及应用场所1.1.1 How and Where Computers are UsedIn order for most computers to perform useful functions, there are three things that have to work together:译文译文: 1.1.1计算机的使用方式及应用计算机的使用方式及应用场所采用计算机的理由可谓各式各样，它们的用途也非常繁多。对于大多数计算机，要有效工作，有三个方面必须协同工作：硬件 操作系统应用软件1.1.2 Local and Netwo

6、rk ApplicationsThe computer is only as useful as the program or application on it. Applications can be divided into two general categories:译文译文: 1.1.2 本地和网络应用程序计算机的实际作用取决于所安装的程序或应用程序。应用程序可分为两大类别：商业/行业软件 - 专为特定行业或市场设计的软件。此类软件有：医疗规程管理工具、教育工具及法律软件。通用软件 - 各种组织和家庭用户出于不同目的而使用的软件。个人或企业都可使用此类应用程序。1.1.2 Loca

7、l and Network ApplicationsIn addition to Business/Industry and General Use software, an application can be classified as local or networked. 译文译文: 1.1.2 本地和网络应用程序除了商业/行业和一般用途软件外，还可将应用程序分为本地或网络程序。本地应用程序 例如：Office网络应用程序 例如：电子邮件Classify the application as business/industry or general and local or netwo

8、rked. Refer to in textbook A student chats with a friend on a computer in another room using Instant Message software. A family keeps track of household expense using a spreadsheet program stored on the computer hard drive. A construction company develops a program to estimate the cost of bu

9、ilding a home. The program is loaded from a CD. A real-estate agent uses his computer to post information about a house listing that allows other real estate agents to access the information from their computers. A person sends an email to a friend in another country. A student types a homework assi

10、gnment using a word processor loaded from their hard drive.1.1.2 Local and Network Applications译文译文: 1.1.2 本地和网络应用程序判断应用程序的类别是商业还是通用，是本地还是网络，参考教材1.2 Types of Computers1.2 计算机分类译文译文: 1.2 计算机分类计算机分类计算机分为多种不同的类型，包括：计算机分为多种不同的类型，包括：大型机大型机服务器服务器台式计算机台式计算机工作站工作站笔记本电脑笔记本电脑手持便携式设备手持便携式设备1.2.2 Servers

11、, Desktops and WorkstationsServersBlade ServerRack Mount ServerStandalone server 译文译文: 1.2.2 服务器、台式计算机和工作站服务器 刀片式服务器：可最大程度的增强计算机的能力和可扩展性 机架式服务器：在已具有设备机架的环境中可有效的节约地面空间 独立服务器：适用于小型企业环境，在内部组件选择方面具有很大的灵活性1.2.2 Servers, Desktops and WorkstationsDesktopsDesktops support many options and capabilities. A wi

12、de variety of cases, power supplies, hard drives, video cards, monitors and other components are available.译文译文: 1.2.2 服务器、台式计算机和工作站台式计算机支持多种选件和功能。可以选用各式各样的机箱、电源、硬盘、显卡、显示器和其它组件。台式计算机可具有许多不同的连接类型、视频选件以及大量支持的外围设备可供选择。 1.2.2 Servers, Desktops and WorkstationsWorkstationsWorkstations are high-powered bu

13、siness computers. They are designed for specialized, high-end applications like engineering programs such as CAD (Computer Aided Design).译文译文: 1.2.2 服务器、台式计算机和工作站工作站是高性能的商用计算机。它们是专门针对工程程序工作站是高性能的商用计算机。它们是专门针对工程程序（例如（例如 CAD）等特殊的高端应用目的而设计；工作站用于）等特殊的高端应用目的而设计；工作站用于 3D 图形设计、视频动画和虚拟现实仿真。也可以作为电信图形设计、视频动画和

14、虚拟现实仿真。也可以作为电信或医疗设备的管理站点。与服务器类似，工作站通常配备或医疗设备的管理站点。与服务器类似，工作站通常配备有数个有数个 CPU、大量、大量 RAM 和多个大容量磁盘驱动器，速度和多个大容量磁盘驱动器，速度非常快。工作站一般具有非常强大的图形能力，配有大屏非常快。工作站一般具有非常强大的图形能力，配有大屏幕显示器或多个显示器。幕显示器或多个显示器。1.2.2 Servers, Desktops and WorkstationsDetermine the type of computer to use based on a given scenarioThe XYZ corp

15、oration designs and manufactures complex electronic circuit boards for use in aircraft. What kind of computer would be best suited for the design work?Mario is purchasing a computer for his family. They will need word processor and spreadsheet applications and want to play DVDs. What kind of compute

16、r would best suit their need?The Animatics company develops virtual reality simulation software for the gaming industry. What kind of computer would be best for developing this software?ABC Inc. just hired 10 new help desk employees to support network end users. The help desk people will need to run

17、 basic office applications as well as a help desk problem reporting application. What kind of computer would be best for this type of work?Manas mail order business has grown significantly and she needs a new computer to host her web site. She is expecting significant number of web clients to access

18、 the computer daily. She also wants to use the computer for centralized and for employee Email. What kind of computer would best suit her needs?译文译文: 服务器、台式计算机和工作站服务器、台式计算机和工作站判断场景中计算机所扮演的角色：服务器、工作站还是台式计算机.1.2.3 Portable DevicesIn addition to various types of stationary computers, there are many por

19、table electronic devices available. These portable devices vary in size, power and graphic capability and include: Laptop or notebook PCTablet PCPocket PCPersonal Digital Assistant (PDA)Gaming device Cell phones译文译文: 1.2.3便携式设备这些便携式设备的大小、功能和图形能力各这些便携式设备的大小、功能和图形能力各有不同，此类设备包括：有不同，此类设备包括：平板电脑平板电脑掌上电脑掌

20、上电脑个人数字助理个人数字助理 (PDA)游戏设备游戏设备移动电话移动电话笔记本电脑笔记本电脑Tuesday China successfully launched Shenzhou-8 spacecraft that will attempt the first unmanned rendezvous with the test module “Tiangong-1 which is already in orbit. The docking will be a crucial step towards building a space station by 2020.The docking

21、 must be held within two days after the launch of Shenzhou VIII at an altitude of 343 km above the surface of the Earth.The Shenzhou VIII was launched at 5:58 local time (9:58 p.m. GMT Monday) in the Gobi Desert (northwest China) by a Long March 2F rocket. The spacecraft separated from its launch ro

22、cket at the height of 200 km above the Earth.Shenzhou VIII will then come together to test module Tiangong-1 (Heavenly Palace), launched on September 29, the two vessels will be placed on the same orbit and operating at approximately 28,000 km/h around the Earth.Control of in-space is a crucial step

23、 in the conquest of space, crossed by the Russians and Americans in the 1960s.China successfully launched Shenzhou-8 spacecraft It will allow China to conduct a space exploration on a larger scale, said Zhou Jianping, chief engineer of the spaceflight program.To ensure the success of the mission, co

24、nsiderable changes were made to the vessel from previous Shenzhou modules, said a spokesman for the manned flight program, Wu Ping.Shenzhou VIII will record images and report parameters to be used for manned space rendezvous.The docking will be conducted under the program providing China a space sta

25、tion within a decade. A crew can live independently for several months, as the old Russian space station Mir and the International Space Station (ISS).If the Shenzhou VIII is successful, next year China will launch two other ships to join Tiangong-1, Shenzhou IX and Shenzhou X, one of which is inhab

26、ited.Two women are among the astronauts in training for this mission. If they are chosen, they will be the first Chinese to be sent by China to space station.On Tuesday, Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang attended the launch from the base of Jiuquan (northwest), in the Gobi Desert, which was also at

27、tended by officials from the European Space Agency (ESA) and the German space agency DLR.CHINA HAS TAKEN THE NEXT STEP IN ITS QUEST TO BECOME A MAJOR SPACE POWER WITH THE LAUNCH OF THE UNMANNED SHENZHOU 8 VEHICLE.THE SPACECRAFT RODE A LONG MARCH 2F ROCKET INTO ORBIT WHERE IT WILL ATTEMPT TO RENDEZVO

28、US AND DOCK WITH THE TIANGONG-1 LAB, LAUNCHED IN SEPTEMBER.IT WOULD BE THE FIRST TIME CHINA HAS JOINED TWO SPACE VEHICLES TOGETHER.THE CAPABILITY IS REQUIRED IF THE COUNTRY IS TO CARRY THROUGH ITS PLAN TO BUILD A SPACE STATION BY ABOUT 2020.THE LONG MARCH CARRIER ROCKET LIFTED AWAY FROM THE JIUQUAN SPACEPORT IN THE GOBI DESERT AT 05:58, TUESDAY (21:58 GMT MOND