习题与答案三

1、组织学与胚胎学习题与答案三 多项选择题11.Qualities shared by all epithelial membranes include that they A.line inner and outer surfaces of the bodyB.consist mainly of cellsC.exhibit cohesivenessD.lie upon a basement membraneE.contain numerous capillaries2.Which of the following are true of mesothelium?A.It is simple s

2、quamous epitheliumB.It consists of flattened cellsC.It is simple cuboidal epitheliumD.It lines the pericardial cavityE.It lines blood vessels3.Characteristics of transitional epithelium include that A.it is found in the bladderB.it has dome-shaped surface cellsC.surface cells have condensed superfic

3、ial cytoplasmD.some cells possess ciliaE.it alters its morphology according to physiologic need4.Orderly arrays of many microvilli are NOT seen in the A.small intestineB.stomachC.uterusD.urethraE.proximal renal tubules5.Which of the following will form junctional complex? A.Cell coat B.Tight junctio

4、n C.HemidesmosomeD.Desmosome E.Intermediate junction 6.The function of macrophages in immune reaction includesA.production of antibodiesB.capturing and processing of antigensC.presenting antigens to lymphocytesD. secreting bioactive factorsE.killing tumor cells7.Reticular fiber differs from collagen

5、ous fiber in that A.it is made up of collagenB.it is not seen in H&E stainingC.it shows positive staining of PASD.it is argyrophilic E.it has periodic cross-bandings under EM8.Fibroblasts can produce A.elastic fiber B.collagenous fiber C.reticular fiberD.ground substance E.antibody9.Which of the fol

6、lowing show cross bandings A.collagenous fibril B.elastic fibril C.reticular fiberD.cardiac muscle fiber E.skeletal muscle fiber10.Among the family of connective tissue fibers A.microfibrils are not seen as the smaller subunits of elastic fibersB.reticular fibers will stain with silverC.collagen fib

7、ers are quite elastic in natureD.collagen fibers are made up of fibrilsE.subunit of elastic fibers possesses periodic cross-bandings11.Mast cells can secrete A.heparin B.histamine C.leukotrieneD.slow-reacting substance E.eosinophil chemotactic factors 12.Dense connective tissue is present in the A.d

8、ermis B.epidermis C.corneaD.sclera E.ligaments13.Connective tissue proper consists ofA.cellsB.extracellular fibersC.amorphous ground substanceD.tissue fluidE.blood vessels14.Fat usually accumulates in or around theA.kidneys B.omentum C.eyelidsD.scrotumE.bone marrow 15.Cartilage tissue differs from c

9、onnective tissues proper in that A.it consists of cells and cellular matrixB.chondrocytes are the only type of cells in cartilageC.ground substance of cartilage is semi-rigidD.there are no blood vessels and nerves in cartilageE.it contains only collagenous fibrils16.Cartilage cellsA.are termed chond

10、rocytes when matureB.reside in small cavities termed lacunaeC.in an isogenous group are derived from different parent cellsD.only secrete ground substanceE.are surrounded by cartilage capsule17.Which of the following are true of bone tissue?A.It consists of osteocytes and cellular matrixB.The matrix

11、 consists of elastic fibers and ground substanceC.It is hard and rigidD.The matrix contains organic and inorganic componentsE.The main inorganic component is hydroxyapatite 18.Which of the following belong to the compact bone?A.Circumferential lamellaeB.PeriosteumC.OsteonsD.EndosteumE.Interstitial l

12、amellae19.The periosteum A.covers the outer surface of the bone except articular surfaceB.consists of outer and inner layersC.is loose connective tissueD.is more vascular in the inner layerE.has osteoprogenitor cells in the inner layer20.Which of the following are true of a Haversian system?A.Basic

13、structural units of compact bone, also called an osteonB.Its long axis is parallel to long axis of the long boneC.Haversian canal is located in its centerD.Haversian lamellae are concentrically arranged bone lamellaeE.Younger Haversian system has a smaller Haversian canal21.The cells producing fiber

14、s and ground substance areA.osteoprogenitor cells B.osteoblasts C.osteoclastsD.chondrocytes E.fibroblats22.Which of the followings are formed by intramembranous ossification?A.VertebraeB.Parietal bonesC.ClaviclesD.Frontal boneE.Phalanges23.Of the following, which would you expect to find in elastic

15、cartilage?A.CollagenB.ChondrocytesC.LacunaeD.ElastinE.Hyaluronic acid24.Circumferential lamellae areA.also called concentric lamellaeB.bony lamellae with lacunae and canaliculiC.applied to outer and inner surfaces of the compact bone by osteoblastsD.applied to both ends of a long bone by osteoclasts

16、E.perforated by Volkmanns canals 25.The cells with nucleus and organelles are A.red blood cellsB.neutrophilsC.monocytesD.plateletsE.fibrocytes26.The common features of monocytes and lymphocytes areA.basophilic cytoplasmB.polymorphous nucleusC.azurophilic granules in cytoplasmD.granules containing pe

17、roxidaseE.to transform into other types of cells27.Granulocytes in human blood includeA.neutrophils B.lymphocytes C.monocytes D.eosinophils E.basophils 28.Which of the following are correct for platelets?A.They have no nucleus B.They contain organellesC.They are biconvex disc in shapeD.The cell coat

18、 is associated with platelet adhesionE.The microtubules in the hyalomere support platelets29.Which of the following cells are capable of phagocytosisA.neutrophils B.lymphocytes C.monocytesD.eosinophils E.basophils30.The characteristics of neutrophils includeA.more specific granulesB.more nonspecific

19、 granulesC.specific granules containing phagocytins and lysozymesD.nonspecific granules containing peroxidaseE.elder cells containing more lobes of nucleus 31.Causes of anemia includeA.lack of ironB.lack of vitamin B12C.increased rate of RBC destructionD.decreased rate of RBC productionE.large amoun

20、t of bleeding 32.The thin filaments are made up ofA.actin B.myosin C.tropomyosin D.troponin E.myoglobin33.Which of the following junctions can be found in the intercalated discs?A.Tight junction B.Intermediate junction C.DesmosomeD.Gap junction E.Hemidesmosome34.In EM prepararions, cross striations

21、can be seen in A.skeletal muscle fibers B.cardiac muscle fibersC.smooth muscle fibers D.collagen fibers E.reticular fibers35.The heads of myosin moleculesA.form cross bridges B.possess ATPase activityC.can bind with calcium ions D.can bind with ATPE.can catalyze ATP36.The intercellular space between

22、 cardiac muscle cells is occupied byA.a basal lamina B.collagen fibers C.fibroblastsD.capillaries E.amorphous elements37.Smooth muscle forms the contractile portion of the wall of theA.small intestine B.upper one-third of esophagusC.mouth D.bronchioles E.arteries38.EndomysiumA.is continuous with per

23、imysiumB.is dense connective tissueC.surrounds every muscle fiberD.has fibroblastsE.contains capillaries39.In comparison with ordinary cardiac muscle fibers, Purkinje fibers A. contain myofibrils limited to the periphery of the cellB. are not located in the myocardiumC. usually have a smaller diamet

24、erD. have more glycogenE. possess fastest conduction velocity among all kinds of cardiac muscle fibers 40.Neurons have A.processes which including axons and dendritesB.axons carrying impulses away from, and dendrites carrying them to the cellC.euchromatic nuclei containing prominent nucleoliD.a spar

25、se ribosomal complementE.abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum41.Neurotransmitters are A.chemicals produced by neuroglial cellsB.released into the synaptic cleftC.held in synaptic vesiclesD.constantly replenished from lysosomesE.may be inhibitory or excitatory42.The neuroglia of the CNSA.refers to a

26、special type of connective tissue B.are noted for their lack of processesC.are more numerous than neurons D.provide an intimate and unique support to the neuronsE.participate in the neural activity of the nervous system43.Synaptic arrangements between neurons may beA.axodendriticB.dendrodendriticC.a

27、xosomaticD.axoaxonicE.axospinous44.Gap junction is distributesd between A.skeletal muscle cells B.smooth muscle cells C.cardiac muscle cellsD.nerve cells E.osteocytes 45.The endoneurium of a peripheral nerve A.is the basal lamina of Schwann cellsB.is loose connective tissueC.contains macrophagesD.co

28、ntains reticular fibersE.contains capillaries46.Axons containA.mitochondriaB.neurofilamentsC.microtubulesD.smooth ERE.rough ER47.Cross sections through a peripheral nerve examined with the LM would exhibitA.neurolemmal cell nucleiB.neurolemma C.concentric lamellae of myelin sheathD.axonsE.lamellae o

29、f perineurium48.The characteristics of the neurons include thatA.the cell bodies vary considerably in sizeB.the processes have different lengthC.the cell bodies are only present in the brain and spinal cordD.they secrete at least one kind of neurotransmitterE.some of neurons may have endocrine funct

30、ion49.Which of the following are true of chemical synapses under the EM?A.Presynaptic elements contain vesiclesB.Vesicles are spherical or flattenedC.Vesicles may be clear or have a dense coreD.Pre- and postsynaptic membranes are thickenedE.There is a cleft of 15-30 nm between pre- and postsynaptic

31、membranesAnswers 1.ABCD2.ABD3.ABCE 4.BCD5.BDE6.BCDE7.BCD8.ABCD9.ACDE10.ABD11.ABCDE 12.ACDE13.ABCDE14.ABE 15.BCD16.ABE17.CDE 18.ACE19.ABDE20.ABCD 21.BDE22.BCD23.ABCDE24.BCE25.BCE26.ACE27.ADE 28.ABCE29.BCE30.CDE 31.ABCDE 32.BCDE33.BCDE 34.ABCD35.ABDE36.ABDE 37.ABCDE38.ABCDE 39.ACDE40.ACDE 41.ABCDE42.A

32、CD43.BCD44.ABDE 45.ABDE46.ABCDE47.ADE 48.ACDE49.ADE多项选择题21.The cones of the retina contain pigments sensitive toA.red light B.blue light C.yellow light D.green lightE.all of the above 2.The cornea is transparent because ofA.nonketatinized corneal epitheliumB.plane basal surface of the epitheliumC.no

33、 pigment cellsD.no blood vesselsE.thin collagen fibrils in stroma being parallel and uniform in diameter3.Refractive media of eyes includeA.cornea B.retina C.lensD.aqueous humor E.vitreous body 4.The sensory receptors containing hair cells are the A.retina B.spiral organ C.tactile coupuscleD.macula

34、of saccule E.crista ampullaris5.Stria vascularis A.is located on the roof of cochlear ductB.is stratified columnar epitheliumC.contains blood vessels in itD.contain hair cellsE.secretes endolymph 6.The melanocytes A.are located between granular cells of the epidermisB.have long branched processesC.c

35、ontain keratohyalin granulesD.contain melanosomesE.contain tyrosinase which turns tyrosine to melanin7.Non-keratinized cells of epidermis includeA.cornified cells B.Merkels cells C.melanocytesD.Langerhans cells E.spinous cells8.Functions of the skin are that itA.is a barrier to disease organisms B.p

36、revents from too much sunlight C.synthesizes vitamin D3D.prevents water intake and lossE.regulates body temperature9.Ducts of sweat glands are characteristicallyA.darker staining than secretory portionsB.paler staining than secretory portionsC.thinner than secretory portionsD.composed of stratified

37、cuboidal epitheliumE.tortuous and exit via the epidermis 10.Which of the following are characteristics of the pancreas? A.It includes exocrine and endocrine portionsB.The unit of exocrine portion is serous aciniC.Ducts are only present in the lobulesD.At least 4 cell types can be distinguished in th

38、e endocrine portion E.Insulin is secreted by PP-cell11.The A-cells in the pancreatic islets A.are the most numerous cell typeB.are located at the periphery of the isletsC.contain dense core secretory granules D.secrete a hormone called glucagonE.are responsible for lowering blood glucose level12.Myo

39、epithelial cells may be found in theA.large salivary glandsB.pancreasC.sebaceous glandsD.sweat glandsE.mammary glands13.EM studies of the hepatocytes showA.abundant SERB.Abundant mitochondriaC.well-developed Golgi complexD.little if any glycogen granulesE.bile canaliculi sealed by tight junction 14.

40、Which of the following are functions of the liver?A.Secreting bile to take part in digestion of lipidsB.Synthesis of plasma albumin C.Storage and transformation of nutritive substancesD.Detoxifying certain substances E.Production of gamma globulins 15.The structures of the capillary include A.endoth

41、elial cellsB.basal laminaC.pericytesD.onnective tissueE.muscle cells16.Which of the following are features of the fenestrated capillaries? A.There are many pores in the endothelial cellsB.The endothelium is discontinuousC.The basal lamina is continuousD.They exists in the kidney, intestinal mocosa a

42、nd thyroidE.There are large gaps between the endothelial cells17.Which are features of the large artery compared with other types of arteries?A.It has the largest lumen and the thinnest wall B.It has a large number of elastic fibers and membranes in the tunica mediaC.There are a fewer fibroblasts in

43、 the tunica media D.It is also called the conducting arteryE.It is also called the elastic artery 18.Which of the following concerning the conducting system of the heart are correct?A.It includes the three types cells: P-cells, transitional cells and Purkinje fibersB.P-cells and transitional cells a

44、re specialized cardiac muscular cellsC.The Purkinje fibers are nonmyelinated nerve fibersD.The P-cells are pacemakersE.It conduct impulses to ordinary cardiac muscle cells19.Which of the following cells can produce fibers?A.FibroblastsB.Osteoblasts C.ChondrocytesD.Reticular cellsE.Smooth muscle cell

45、s in the artery wall 20.The components of the blood-thymus barrier are A.continuous capillary endotheliumB.continuous basal lamina of endotheliumC.perivascular space containing macrophagesD.basal lamina of epithelail cells E.processes of thymic epithelial cells21.Characteristics of a lymph node incl

46、ude thatA.it is surrounded by a capsule of dense connective tissue B.parenchyma is divided into the cortex and medulla C.trabeculae never extend into the medullaD.it is a peripheral lymphoid organE.sinuses in the cortex and medulla have similar structures22.Lymphoid nodulesA.always contain a light-s

47、tained germinal center B.contain medium-sized and large lymphocytes in their germinal centers C.appear more frequently during certain types of inflammationD.are rich in T-lymphocytesE.possess a stroma of reticular cells and fibers23.The central artery of the spleenA.is a small artery B.is located in

48、 the center of a lymphatic sheathC.is derived from trabecular arteryD.can divide into some penicillar arteriolesE.its small branches can open to the sinusoids of marginal zone24.The spleen performs which of the following functions?A.lymph filtrationB.immune responseC.hemoglobin degradationD.producti

49、on of lymphocytesE.destruction of aged, abnormal, or damaged erythrocytes and platelets25.The functions of the mononuclear phagocyte system are toA.engulf and digest foreign bodies B.remove aged and damaged cellsC.capture and process antigensD.secrete cytokines E.produce antibodies26.Lymphoid tissue

50、sA.are supported by reticular cells and fibersB.are only composed of lymphocytes C.are divided into diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid nodulesD.contain no blood vesselsE.become larger after stimulation of antigens27.Plasma cells are present inA.medullary cords of the lymph nodes B.splenic cords of

51、 the spleen C. septa of the thymus D. trabeculae of the lymph nodes E.bone marrow 28.The secretory process of the follicular cells of the thyroid involvesA.synthesis of thyroglobulinB.storage of thyroglobulin in the follicular lumenC.iodination of tyrosine moleculesD.reabsorption of thyroglobulin in

52、to follicular cellsE.liberation of T3 and T4 by lysosomal enzymes29.The hormones secreted from the thyroid includeA.triiodothyronine (T3)B.thyroxine (T4)C.thyroglobulinD.calcitoninE.growth hormone30.In the cortex of the adrenal gland A.there are three zones according to cell arrangementB.the transit

53、ion from one zone to the other is gradual C.the outmost zone is called zona glomerulosaD.the zona fasciculata cells are arranged in radially disposed cordsE.the cells of the zona reticularis anastomose in a network31.Which of the following endocrine glands are pituitary-dependent?A.ThyroidB.ParathyroidsC.Adrenal cortexD.Adrenal medullaE.Gonads32.Somatotrophs A.belong to basophilsB.produce growth hormone C.are found in the pars nervosaD.will result in the pituitary dwafism if they are dysfunctional in a