段落组织结构

1、段落组织结构常见的段落结构阐释性Many modern people are turning themselves into social victims. One example is a Tennessee woman who is suing McDonalds because she was badly burned on the chin by a hot pickle in her hamburger. A Canadian woman is another example. She wants to ban the South Park television show becau

2、se her son Kenny is victimized by the shows Kenny character, who is killed in each episode. A third example is a group of European and Australian women who want to ban urinals in mens restrooms because they require men to stand in a way that suggests violence toward women. Another group argues that

3、single people are victimized because society ignores them. 时间顺序型段落提到的事件按时间先后顺序排列，有明显的年代日期人类学，历史，政治The famous Leaning Tower of Pisa has been tilting for over 800 years, and recent improvements should allow it to continue tilting for another 300 more. On August 9, 1173, construction began on this well

4、-known Italian bell tower. Almost immediately, it began leaning because it was being erected on the soft silt of a buried riverbed. Between 1178 and 1360, work stopped and started two more times as workers tried to continue the project and figure out how to compensate for the tilt. Over the next six

5、 centuries因果型讨论某个或某些事件或行为的后果，影响或起因标志词：because, for this reason, due to, cause, on account of, if this, then thisas a result, since, consequently, therefore, thus, in effect, resulting, the outcome isSmoking is the single most preventable risk factor for fatal illness in the United States. Indeed, ci

6、garette smoking accounts for more deaths than all other drugs, car accidents, suicides, homicides, and fires combined. Further, nonsmokers who inhale smoke from other peoples cigarettes face an elevated risk for lung cancer and other illnesses related to the lungs, a fact that has given rise to a no

7、nsmokers rights movement in the United States.解决问题型The growth of urban areas exacerbated many problems, including the absence of clean drinking water, the lack of cheap public transportation, and most importantly, poor sanitation. Sanitation problems led to heavy urban mortality rates and frequent e

8、pidemics of typhoid, dysentery, typhus, cholera, and yellow fever. Government officials, recognizing the need for improvement, initiated the return to suburban and rural areas. The proposal involved several cost effective solutions. Local village water delivery systems were improved, and as villages

9、 were substantially smaller, almost everything was in walking distance, thereby eliminating the need for public transportation.比较与对比型比较：侧重相同点，双方地位相同对比： 侧重不同点， 一方是重点标志词：however, nevertheless, on the other hand, but, similarly, although, also, in contrast, different, alike, same as, in the same way, j

10、ust like, just as, likewise, in comparison, whereasIn temperament Lewis and Clark were opposite. Lewis was introverted, melancholic, and moody; Clark extroverted, even-tempered and gregarious. The better educated and more refined Lewis, who possessed a philosophical, romantic and speculative mind, w

11、as at home with abstract ideas; Clark, of a pragmatic mold, was more of a practical man of action. Each supplied vital qualities which balanced their partnership.分类型标志词：categories, classifications, groups, classes, ways, elements, features, kinds, types, varieties, methodsBody fat can be divided int

12、o two basic categories, essential fat and storage fat. Essential fat is the fat that is necessary for the body to function normally. It is stored in the tissues and major organs. Typically, essential fat makes up about 3 percent of body weight for men and between 10 and 12 percent for women. (Women

13、need more essential fat in order to maintain hormonal and reproductive functions.) The second kind of fat is called storage fat. Storage fat protects the internal organs and help keep the body warm during periods of extreme cold. It accumulates around the stomach, buttocks, hips, thighs, and upper a

14、rms. Although the body needs some storage fat for protection, most people carry around a good deal more storage fat than they need.列举型对并列事物进行列举标志词：first, second, nextAccording to Maslows theory of needs, human beings have five different kinds of needs that can be ranked in order of importance. First

15、, humans have physiological needs such as the needs for food, air and water. Next comes security needs, which reflect the desire for physical and emotional safety from harm. Third in rank are needs for belonging. These include the desire for love and affection. Next comes esteem needs, which include

16、 the need for recognition and respect. Finally, at the top of the list are self-actualization needs like the need to grow, develop, and expand ones abilities.空间顺序型按照方位组织段落，常见于说明文Where the mountains meet the sea is the official motto of Camden, Maine, a New England town known for its splendid harbor.

17、 No wonder, behind the harbor, not far from where the schooners are anchored, Ragged Mountain rises precipitously.转折型开头提出一种观点指出观点的不正确或直接引出作者观点标志词：however，but, on the other handIt was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP teams research demonstrates that the population and job density of cities rose or remained const