对外汉语 拼音教学 课件

1、2021/3/91两拼两拼( (声母声母+ +单韵母单韵母) )aoeiuvaoebbabobibuppapopipummamomemimuffafofuddadediduttatetitunnaneninunvllalolelilulvggagegukkakekuhhahehujjijuqqiquxxixuzhzhazhezhizhuchchachechichushshasheshishurrareriruzzazezizu2021/3/92第一课 Lesson One汉语拼音 和 日常用语Chinese Pnyn & Daily Expressions2021/3/93目录Chin

2、ese Pinyin introductionSimple VowelsInital ConsonantsTonesOther Vowels2021/3/94Chinese Pinyin IntroductionSyllableSyllable = = Initial ConsonantInitial Consonant + + VowelVowel + +ToneTone m = m + a + Initial Consonant：21Vowel：38Tone：412021/3/95n ho 你 好hanzipinyin n shengmuyunmushengdiao2021/3/96汉语拼

3、音 Chinese Pnyn Function:Just like the phonetic alphabets in English, Pnyn helps us to read Chinese words. Formation: Initials 声母声母 shng m Finals 韵母韵母 yn m Tones 声调声调 shng dioe.g. 你你 (you) n-i- n 好好 (good,fine) h-ao- ho2021/3/97声调声调 shng dio The Chinese putonghua has four basic tones. They are shown

4、by the tone-marks:(the 1st tone),(the 2nd tone),(the 3rd tone),(the 4th tone). Different tones may express different meanings.2021/3/98声调声调 shng diob b b b 2021/3/99声调声调 shng diom m m m 2021/3/910声调声调 shng dio 1. The tone-mark should be placed over the vowels,eg: n, g,b 2. When a tone-mark is placed

5、 above the vowel i, the dot over it must be left out,eg: b,wn jin ji 3. A compound final carries two or more vowels, the tone-mark is placed over the vowel which pronounced with the mouth opening wider and louder,usually a,o,e,eg: li, pio, du2021/3/911声调声调 shng dio 轻声（the Neutral Tone) Every Chinese

6、 character in Chinese Putonghua has its specific tone.But sometimes,in a word or a sentence some syllables lose their original tones and become weak and short, therefore it is called the neutral tone.The neutral tone syllables are shown by the absence of the tone-mark, for example: Bba 爸爸（father,dad

7、) mma 妈妈（mother, mum)2021/3/912声母 shng mConsonants, 21 When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced roughly the same as they are in English. b p m f d t n l g k h j s2021/3/913声母 shng mConsonants, 21 When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced quite differently f

8、rom what they are in English. q x z c zh ch sh r2021/3/914声母 shng mb b lu 菠萝菠萝 (pineapple) b ba 爸爸爸爸 (dad) b 不不 (no)(similar with b in Brother but no buff of breath) 2021/3/915声母 shng mP p o b 跑步跑步 （running,run) (similar to p in port pie But should be more articulated with more aspiration)2021/3/916

9、声母 shng mm m m 妈妈 （mum) mii 买买 （buy)（same as m in man mug)2021/3/917声母 shng mf ch fn 吃饭吃饭 （eating) fng 风风 （wind)(same with f in from far ) 2021/3/918声母 shng md d 大大 （big, huge） ddi 弟弟弟弟 （younger brother)(similar with d in dog dust but no puff of breath )2021/3/919声母 shng mt ti yng 太阳（太阳（sun) t bi 特别

10、（特别（ very much) (similar to t in term tide top But should be more articulated with more aspiration)2021/3/920声母 shng mn nn rn 男人男人 （male,man) n 拿拿 （take,pick,hold)（similar as n in no nation)2021/3/921声母 shng ml lng 龙 （dragon) kui l 快乐（happy)（same as l in letter learn )2021/3/922声母 shng mg g ge 哥哥 （o

11、lder brother) go 高 （tall, high)(Similar with g in grill good but no puff of breath) 2021/3/923声母 shng mk K k y 渴 （thirsty) 可 以 (can) shng k 上 课 ( have class) ko sh 考试（exam) (similar to k in key But should be more articulated with more aspiration)2021/3/924声母 shng mh h shu (drink water) h 河 （river) h

12、i hn 海 （sea) 很 （too much)(h sounds like “h” in the English word“her” heart , but it must be added more friction of the breath than it is in English.)2021/3/925声母 shng mj j 鸡 （chicken) ji 家（ home)(j in Jeep )2021/3/926声母 shng mq q 七 （seven) qin 钱（money) q zi (wife)( ch in cheese )2021/3/927声母 shng mx

13、 x 西（the west) x hun 喜欢（like) xu x 学 习 (study) (sh in sheep )2021/3/928声母 shng mz z 字（characters) zu 坐（sit) (similar with ds in friends z in zero )2021/3/929声母 shng mc ci 菜 （vegetable, dishes) ci 猜（guess)(similar with the ts in bits students )2021/3/930声母 shng ms s 四 （four) s nin 思念 （miss someone) (

14、similar to s in student) 2021/3/931声母 shng mzh zh 这（this) zhn 站站 （stand)zh do (know) ( similar with dge in judge )2021/3/932声母 shng mch ch 吃（eat） chng 长（long)(similar to ch in church,but must have srong puff of breath)2021/3/933声母 shng msh lo sh 老师（teacher) sh 十 (ten) (similar to sh in shirt)2021/3/

15、934声母 shng mr rn 人 （human,people) r 热 （hot)(similar to r in run)2021/3/935声母 shng mTest: listen and choose the Initials you hear. b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s2021/3/936a o e i u dn yn m 单 韵 母：2021/3/937a a in Father y 阿 姨 b b 爸 爸 m m 妈 妈 2021/3/938oAwW我f 佛 2021/3/939eUh kui l le k 饿

16、快 乐 了 可 2021/3/940iE see been m fn 4 你 米 饭 2021/3/941uoo in Loop bookb xn b zh do 不 行 不 知 道 2021/3/942(First,trytopronouncei,andthenyourtonguestayshere,graduallypurseyourlips.Tryityourself)y xi y l s 鱼 下 雨 绿 色 2021/3/943韵母韵母 yn m39, vowels,or vowel+n/ngSingle finalsa o e i u 2021/3/944f yn m复 韵 母（co

17、mponund finals） ai ei ao ou ia ie ua uo e2021/3/945aiai (as in high)w i n k i 我 爱 你 可 爱 zi bi 在 白 zi jin 再 见2021/3/946ei(like a long a or the ei in eight)li hi 累 黑 2021/3/947ao-ao (as in how or out) ho mo sho lo o zo shn ho 好 猫 少 老 高 早 上 好 2021/3/948ou (like the ow in low or boat) du u ku shu zu 都 狗

18、 口 手 走 2021/3/949iaia(likeyainyard)ji 家 2021/3/950ie-ie(likeyeinyes)bi ji r xi xi 别 节 日 谢 谢 2021/3/951ua-ua(ufollowedbya)ku hu zhu shu 夸 花 抓 刷 2021/3/952uo-uo (as in war)c su du sho u ji 厕 所 多 少 国 家 2021/3/953e xu x xu shen xu xio d xu yu hu 学 习 学 生 学 校 大 学 约 会 2021/3/954sn chng yn m三 重 韵 母（ finals

19、consisting of 3 single finals） uai uei(ui) iao iou(iu)2021/3/955 uai-uai(likewiinwild)shui hui shui 帅 坏 衰 2021/3/956Uei (ui)-ui (similar to way)du b du u hu b hu shu shu 对 不 对 贵 会 不 会 水 谁 2021/3/957iao-iao(likeyowinyowl)jio jio bio nio lio tin xio 叫 脚 表 鸟 聊 天 小 2021/3/958iou(iu)-iu (like yo in yoga)

20、di ni li 丢 牛 六 2021/3/959b yn m鼻 韵 母（nasal finals） 2021/3/960qin b yn m 前 鼻 韵 母(front nasal finals)an en in ian uen(un)uanan 2021/3/961an-an (like the sounds of John or angry)mn ch fn hn y hn nn 慢 吃 饭 汉 语 很 难 2021/3/962en-en (like “en in open)rn zhn u rn ti u rn 人 中 国 人 泰 国 人 zn me yn zhn zhn de m 怎

21、 么 样 真 真的吗2021/3/963in-in (as in bin)nn jn tin xn 您 今 天 新 2021/3/964ian-ian(similartoyen)qin du sho qin min tio fn din 钱 多 少 钱 面 条 饭 店 2021/3/965uan-uan(ufollowedbyan)lun dun un mn 乱 短 关 门 2021/3/966uen(un)As whenyn kn mn chn tin 云 昆 明 春 天 2021/3/967an n-uan un( followed by an n, only with initials

22、j,q,x)yun qun xun z 远 劝 选 择 2021/3/968hu b yn yn m后 鼻 音 韵 母(back nasal finals)ang eng ing ongiang ueng ionguang2021/3/969ang(like the sound of under or rang )pn mn zhn shn k rn zn 胖 忙 张 上 课 让 脏 2021/3/970eng-eng (like the ung in lung)fn nn xu shen 风 能 学 生 2021/3/971ing-ing (like sing)mn zi tn 名 字 听

23、n jio shn me mn zi ？ 你 叫 什 么 名 字 ？ 2021/3/972ongong (like the ung in lung with a slight oo sound) yn dn n zu zhn u 用 东 工 作 中 国 2021/3/973iang(-ifollowedbyang)2021/3/974uang-uang(likewangintwang)2021/3/975uengu after with eng2021/3/976iong (i merged with ong)2021/3/977t sh yun yn yn m特殊 元 音 韵 母( spec

24、ial finals）er 儿er can not be combined with any other yunmu( finals） ，it can only be the finals by itself. It is commonly used in northern dialect. There are many words in the northern dialect pronunciation of vowels occur due to the volume of tongue action sound change, and this phenomenon is called

25、 er hua.2021/3/978erer in herd2021/3/979-i (in zi ci si)-i（in zhi chi shi)2021/3/980Simple Vowelsa jar o log e bird er 22021/3/981i east u moon 2021/3/982aoeiu2021/3/9833、Initial Consonantsb(+o) brother b b b p(+o) pie p p p m(+o) mug m m m f(+o) far f f f 2021/3/984d(+e) dust d d d t(+e) tide t t t

26、n(+e) nation n n n l(+e) learn l l l 2021/3/985g(+e) grill g g g k(+e) key k k kh(+e) heart h h h 2021/3/986j(+i) j j q(+i) q q x(+i) x x 2021/3/987z(+-i) zero z z z c(+-i) students c c c s(+-i) students s s s 2021/3/988zh(+-i) zh zh zh ch(+-i) ch ch ch sh(+-i) sh sh sh r(+-i) r r r 2021/3/989 m b l

27、 m b l m b l m b l 2021/3/990Mark tones rules Mark tones rules (1)a(1)ao oe ei iu u b bo bi xi b bo bi xi p pu p pu d ni xi d ni xi (2)iu,ui(2)iu,uili ni ; du tu li ni ; du tu 2021/3/991(3) j,q,x (3) j,q,x j j j j q q q q x x x x n ln l 2021/3/9925、Other Vowelsai i mi ci ei bi hi fi ao o lo bo ou u

28、du tu 2021/3/993ia y xi ji ie y li bi 2021/3/994韵母韵母 yn mi i 1. When i stands by itself as a syllable, it should be written as yi. 2. i should be written as y when it is placed at the beginning of a final standing by itself as a syllable, or y is added before i,eg: ia-ya ie-ye iou-you iang-yang2021/

29、3/995韵母韵母 yn mu1. When u stands by itself as a syllable, it should be written as wu.2. When u combines with other finals to form syllables, it should be written as W,eg:ua-wa uo-wo uei-wei uan-wan i2021/3/996The Separation LettersThe Separation LettersSeparationLettersVowelsApplicationrulesFinallyformyi,in,ing+yyi,yin,yingia,ie,iaoiyya,ye,yao,e,an+y,uyu,yue,yuanwu+wwuua,uo,uaiuwwa,wo,wai2021/3/997u