被动语态小学

1、2021/3/91Clintons clock2021/3/92 Clintons clock is used as a fan. I use Clintons clock as a fan.2021/3/93被动语态 1.主动语态：如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由 主语完成的，要用主动语态。 2.被动语态：如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。EX: I use Clintons clock as a fan.EX: Clintons clock is used as a fan.语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。2021/3/94过去分词us

2、edusedusebreakbrokenbrokeboughtboughtbuybeatenbeatbeat2021/3/95 The windows are broken. Bob is beaten by his wife.Clintons clock is used as a fan.The pen is bought.2021/3/96被动语态的构成 构成形式：主语+Be+done（及物动词的过去分词）+其他他的汽车被卖了。（sell）我的家庭作业完成了。(finish)那些小偷被抓住了。(catch)这些汽车是中国制造的。(make) His car is sold. My home

3、work is finished. Those thieves are caught. These cars are made in China.Practice：2021/3/97Homework：用动词的正确形式填空。 The bike_ (make) in China. The door _(open) by him. Two toys _(buy) by them. These letters _(send) to Lucy. The story _ (tell) to me. Those books _(read) by many people last year.is madeis

4、 openedis boughtare sentis toldwere read典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个be + PP被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: :有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化考点考点: :典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am

5、/ is / are + PP典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + PP典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. wil

6、l be sent up C. are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + PP典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个5.

7、 Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词 + be + PP2021/3/914am/is/are +done (过去分词过去分词) 一般现在时一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时现在完成时 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时现在进行时 4)was/were done 一般过去时一般过去时 5)had been done 过去完成时过去完成时 Visitors a

8、re asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品）展品）All the task has been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing. 2021/3/9156)was/were being done 过去进行时过去进行时 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时一般将来时 8） should/woul

9、d be done 过去将来时过去将来时 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.2021/3/916被动语态被动语态1一般现在时的被动结构：一般现在时的被动结构：am is are done. Paper _(make) in this factory 2一般过去时的被动结构：一般过去时的被动结构：was we

10、re done. This cup _( use) for drinking nine years ago 3含情态动词的被动结构：含情态动词的被动结构：can may must should be done. The playground can may must _(clean) after school 4一般将来时的被动结构：一般将来时的被动结构：be going to will be done。 A new bridge _( build) over the river here next year 5现在进行时的被动结构：现在进行时的被动结构：be being done. A te

11、aching building _(build) in our school now.6现在完成时的被动结构现在完成时的被动结构havehas been done. Thousands of trees _(plant) on the hills since last year 2021/3/917 Clintons clock is used as a fan. I use Clintons clock as a fan.2021/3/918I use Clintons clock as a fan.Clintons clock(by me)is usedas a fan.EX： 1.把原主

12、动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2把动词变为被动形式即把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。动词的时态则保持不变。3原主动句的主语如需要则放在原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它后面以它 的宾格形式出现的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。则可省略。4其它的成分（定语、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。状语）不变。2021/3/919主动句变为被动句的4个步骤： 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语

13、的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 2021/3/920 将下列句子变成被动语态：3.A man will stop the red car in the road. The red car was stopped by a man in the road. 1. we cleaned the classroom after school.The classroom was cleaned by us after school.2.The writer writes

14、a lot of novels. A lot of novels are written by the writer.步骤口诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。2021/3/921特例：特例：1. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birth

15、day. 如果把直接宾语如果把直接宾语(指物指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 2021/3/922练习：She gave me a book.I was given a book (by her).A book was given to me (by her).2021/3/9232.由动词由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或们作为整体看，即把它

16、们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。副词不可拆开或漏掉。 agree to, ask for, laugh at, agree to, ask for, laugh at, listen to, look afterlisten to, look after, , talk about talk about 等。等。 find out, give up, hand in, point find out, give up, hand in, point out, put off, think over, out, put off, think over, 等。等。 例如：例如： We

17、should speak to old men politely. Old men should be spoken to politely. He laughed at the little dog. The little dog was laughed at. 典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个 Children should _. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词介词或

18、副词2021/3/9253.主动句中的感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等，及使役动词let,make, have等后跟省略的to的不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符号to. He makes the girl stay at home.(变为被动) The girl is made to stay at home. Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday.典型例题典型例题巩固练习巩固练习练习回顾练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个过去分词见一个背一个The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish out when the police walked past the park. A. was made; wa