《大学基础英语》教案（英文）Book 3 Unit 12 Teaching plan.docx

1、Unit TwelveI. Objectives To get some knowledge about the Western culture of Christmas; Through the learning of this text, students are expected to be able to use daily life events to illustrate the theme of a topic. They should also learn how to use parallelism in their writing, how to write in info

2、rmal style and how to describe their hero's or heroine's psychological activities.IL Teaching Emphases and Difficulties:1. The comprehension and appreciation of Text I;2. New words and expressions:distribute, confess, arrogant, stun, ebb, renunciation, shrivel, plunge, rejoice, exalt, choke,

3、 hustle, confer, seasonable, gush, steep, declension, rampant, prematurely, credulity, ubiquitous, ignite, heresy, beam, reecho, clear away, finish upIIL Teaching Procedures (7 teaching hours)Lead-in1. Movie Clip2. Quotes1. Movie ClipWatch the movie clip and answer the following questions.1. Why doe

4、s the boy change his plan?Because his parents decided to go to Romania to visit his brother Charlie.2. Why is Harry so excited at Christmas?Because he has also got presents from Ron's mum.Discussion:To many people, holidays are the best time to give gifts to their family members and friends. Do

5、you like to give gifts on holidays? Why or why not? When you decide to give a gift to a family member or friend of yours? How do you choose your gift? This is an open question.Script(Merry Christmas. Meiry Christmas. Ring the Hogwart bell. Merry Christmas. Merry Christmas.Cast a Christmas spell.) -K

6、night to E5.-Queen to E5.The gill flaps opened like two gash wounds on the side of its head as it thrashed helplessly in the gutter.(7) coop up: to keep a person inside a building or in a small spacee.g. We have to coop the violent drug addict up all day.We got stir-crazy when we stay cooped up in h

7、ere preparing for our final exam.(8) companionship: n. when you are with someone you enjoy being with, and are not alonee.g. The lonely girl had only her toy for companionship.I wrote on in silence, quietly enjoying the little thing's companionship.(9) wreath: n. a circle of leaves or flowers th

8、at people use to decorate their houses, especially atChristmase.g. Christmas comes with a host of vivid images: Christmas trees, holly wreaths and sweet presents.The emblem of the 2004 Athens Olympic Games is an intertwined olive wreath.(10) queer: a. strange or unusuale.g. The room was easily trace

9、d by the queer laugh that was coming from it.A queer look came over John Arable's face. He seemed almost ready to cry himself.(11) embarrassed: a. awkward or ashamede.g. Some girls are too embarrassed to consult their male teacher about the problem.I felt embarrassed at being the centre of atten

10、tion.(12) arrogant: a. behaving in an unpleasant or proud way, showing little thought for other people e.g. An arrogant person usually assumes a posture of superiority.If you find this attitude obnoxious, condescending, or arrogant, check your assumptions.(13) bewilderment: n. a feeling of being ver

11、y confusede.g. After several seconds of bewilderment, audiences cheered and applauded for the lucky Chinese champion, who himself gazed at the screen of score in disbelief.As he walked through the door, she stared at him in utter bewilderment.(14) sit up: to not go to bed until later than usuale.g.

12、Most parents don't allow their children to sit up late.We sat up half the night, playing online games.(15) gently: a. in a gentle waye.g. The woman held her child gently.He pressed her hand gently but she tried to withdraw it.(16) stony: a. not showing any friendliness or pitye.g. Pete studied h

13、er with a stony air.The professor makes a sucking sound with his teeth and gives his student a silent, stony stare.(17) numb: a. unable to think, feel, or react in a normal waye.g. She was numb to all issues other than the question of her husband's security.His mind had grown suddenly numb; seco

14、nds seemed hours.(18) stunned: a. too surprised or shocked to speake.g. The leader often appeared stunned and confused by a movement he failed to predict. The judges sat in stunned silence.(19) ebb: v. gradually decreasee.g. His influence was ebbing.As night fell, our excitement began to ebb away.(2

15、0) renunciation: n. when someone makes a formal decision to no longer believe in something,live in a particular way, etc.e.g. He made a renunciation of violence.How much effort and renunciation does it take to open one's eyes and see?(21) tendril: n. a thin leafless curling stem by which a climb

16、ing plant fastens itself to a supporte.g. The morning glory climbs the trunk with its tendril.This pink tendril is another new species of crustacean found in the Sea of Japan.(22) clasp: n. a tight holde.g. He let the young men clasp his bony hand in their fleshy ones. He took her hand in a firm cla

17、sp.(23) withdraw: v. to move back or away from a place or situatione.g. She withdrew her eyes from the terrible sight.He is so strong-willed that he never withdraws before difficulties.(24) shrivel: v. to become or make something dry and wrinkled from heat, cold or old agee.g. With the prolonged hot

18、 weather, the leaves have shrivelled up from lack of water. Unlike some plants that struggle to survive, lose the battle, shrivel and die, garden weeds are indomitable.(25) stretch: v. to straighten your arms, legs, or body to full lengthe.g. We suggest you stretch by touching your toes for at least

19、 30 seconds before you make the attempt.At high speeds, falling cats stretch out their legs like flying squirrels.(26) stiff: ci. firm, hard, or difficult to bend or movee.g. This herb pillow will effectively ease the pain of a stiff neck.The old man felt stiff after a long walk.(27) clench: v. to h

20、old your hands, teeth, etc., together tightly, usually because you feel angry or determinede.g. Through clenched teeth the boy told the telltale to leave.The poetry, written by Maya Angelou, clumps along with a confessional earnestness that makes you clench your fists and try not to laugh.Notes1. ha

21、rd timestimes of money shortage, unemployment and times when the poor suffer a great deal. Times, when plural, is used to refer to the conditions of life, the circumstances of a period characterized by certain qualities, or a period of time, more or less definite, associated with certain events, cir

22、cumstances, etc., e.g., terrible times, bad times, prehistoric times, the good, old times. The hard times mentioned in this exceipt most probably refer to 1893, when the United States suffered from a severe and prolonged depression.2. Each little boy and girl was to bring money for the poor The teac

23、her explained that we were to write our names Be to is used to refer to instructions to be performed in the future. So the above two verb phrases are equivalent to "must bring money” and "must write” respectively.e.g.：Our teacher made it clear to us that we were to hand in our exercises ne

24、xt Monday.The headmaster explained to the young man that he was to teach three different levels of pupils in turn.3 have our parents write themask our parents to write them.Have somebody do something means "make somebody do something, or "get/cause somebody to do something”.e.g.：Governor R

25、ockefeller had a special committee assess the responsibility for the death of Benny Paret.Shaka had his ''slayers " kill anyone who could not run fifty miles a day.4. up in the left-hand cornerAnother way of saying this is “in the upper left-hand comer” 在左上角.5. Quincya suburban town nea

26、r Boston, Massachusetts6. I did have a cold the week that school openedI had a cold during the week when the school opened. Did have is used for emphasis.e.g.：If you want to know the truth, I did give him the warning beforehand. It was so cold that water did turn to ice in an instant.7. the Santa Cl

27、auses and holly wreaths in the advertisementsIn Western countries, during the Christmas season, there are always pictures of Santa Claus and holly wreaths in the advertisements. Santa Claus is an imaginary old man in red clothes with a long white beard, believed by children to come down the chimney

28、on Christmas Eve to put presents in their stockings 圣诞老人.The holly wreath is a ring of holly, an evergreen shrub with prickly leaves, small green flowers, and red berries 冬青花环.It might be said that Santa Claus and holly wreaths are symbols of Christmas.8. my chest grew tighter with anxietyI was gett

29、ing more and more anxious, so much so that I almost felt suffocated/breathless.9. I didn't want my father to have to keep on being funny about itThe two infinitives used here may seem confusing. The fact the boy was referring to was that his father "had to keep on acting strangely” about it

30、, but the boy did not want his father to do so.10. My body knew before my mind quite did.This sentence sums up the ideas expressed in the preceding paragraph. The boy was numb. He felt as if he had been hit by something. He found it hard to breathe. And he ached all over. When the pain in his body w

31、as gone, his mind began to work out the truth, and he was greatly shocked.11. Ann Arborthe site of the University of Michigan, one of the best-known universities in the United States. It had been the boy's wish to go to Ann Arbor to attend the University.12. going to make speeches in the SquareT

32、he boy was dreaming of running for the U.S. President; in that case, he would have to make pre-election speeches in the squares in large cities.13. feeling the cold emotion of renunciationhaving the indifferent feeling of not wanting anything5. Comments on the TextThis story is about how a little bo

33、y, who at first had no idea what poverty meant, gradually begins to realize that his family is very poor, how he comes to understand the social and psychological consequences of such a state, and how he grows mature in mind, as it were. The scene of the story is set in the boy's home at Christma

34、s during the hard times.1. The story is told in the first person by the child himself. It is informal in style and reflects a child's thinking and manner of expression.1) The writer uses plain words, simple, unadorned sentences, short paragraphs, simple grammatical structures and clear and strai

35、ghtforward statements. He concentrates on narrating events with a minimum amount of comment and description.2) The style is distinctly conversational in tone.Examples:My father was at home all day long and every day now; and I liked that.I could write my own name, she said. So I did.Why didn't t

36、hey say anything about it? Was what I had said I wanted too expensive!3) A considerable number of sentences begin with And or But to show the boy's attempts at narrative.Examples:But there was something queer!And once, when I spoke of it, there was a strange embarrassed silence.But she didn'

37、t explain why .And as the pain in my body ebbed, the pain in my mind began.2. The writer skilfully selects a chain of events for the story to let the reader himself graduallydraw the conclusion as to the underlying reason for the selection. Each event seems insignificant by itself, but taken togethe

38、r the events produce a strong effect on the mind of the reader.1) The soles of both the boy's shoes were worn clear through.2) The family had potato soup every day.3) The boy's gift to the poor children consisted of only a small bag of potatoes and some pennies.4) His mother was anxious that

39、 the source of the gift should not be identified.5) His father was unemployed.6) The boy was kept off school for a whole term because his shoes were completely worn out and had to be repaired with cardboard.7) He saw Santa Claus and holly wreaths in the advertisements but his parents didn't say

40、a word about Christmas.8) When he spoke of it at home, there was a strange and embarrassed silence.9) On Christmas Eve, there was no Christmas dinner.10) When he finally asked his parents whether they knew it was Christmas Eve, his father triedto pass off the question as a joke and his mother was ex

41、pressionless.11) He went to bed early on Christmas Eve, unable to bear any longer the false jocularity ofhis father and the agony of his mother.12) He lay there, feeling numb and stunned, understanding his plight at last.3. The writer produces a certain tension in the narrative by keeping the boy in

42、 the dark about his own plight while the reader is all the time being told the truth about it. The child moves from one incident to another without realizing that he himself is one of the poor. As the reader is given a detailed description of the pain and suffering that poverty causes him, he keeps

43、wondering how long it will take before the child realizes his true plight and speculating how he will react to this stark reality. The reader's sympathy is completely with the boy and he is relieved to see the boy's new-formed maturity when he says:"They had done the best they could, no

44、w they realized I knew about Christmas. But they needn ft have thought they had to. I didn't need anything. 4. An apparent stylistic device the writer employs to make his writing forceful is parallelism. The following sentences, by means of which the boy enumerates all the unhappy events that le

45、ad him to the realization of the fact "We're poor”，are very effective.But I knew why I had taken only a little bag of potatoes to Sunday school that fall. I knew why there had been only pennies in my little yellow envelope. I knew why I hadn ft gone to school that fall 一 why I hadn't an

46、y new shoes 一 why we had been living on potato soup all winter.6. ExercisesA. True (T) or False (F)?For false statements, write the facts in parentheses.1. When the superintendent said that these were hard times, he meant only that many poor children weren't getting enough to eat.FWhat he meant

47、was that the country was suffering an economic depression. There were not enough job opportunities for the workers, so a lot of people did not have enough to eat or wear.2. The writer's father was really quite a joker because whenever they had potato soup, he would behave as if he were surprised

48、 and would say that potato soup was nourishing.FHe was pretending to be in a good mood so that his son would eat the potato soup, without complaining or feeling fed up with it.3. The writer's father was at home all day every day, because he was out of work.T4. No clues are given to the reader to

49、 suggest that the boy was poor before he realizedit himself.FMany clues are given from the very beginning. The following sentences contain some of the clues:1) That fall, before it was discovered that the soles of both my shoes were worn clear through, I still went to Sunday school. (Para. 1)2) My m

50、other gave me a small bag of potatoes to carry to Sunday school. (Para. 2)3) It (i.e., the potato soup) was so good that we had it every day. (Para. 2)4) My father was at home all day long and every day now. (Para. 2)5) They weren't dimes but pennies. (Para. 4)6) I didn't go back to school t

51、hat fall. (Para. 6)7) My father cut insoles out of cardboard. (Para. 6)8) We didn't take a Sunday paper any more, (Para. 7)5. The boy's father lied more than once to his son because he took delight in fooling his son.FThe boy's father lied to his son out of his love for him. Being out of

52、 work, he was in great mental torments. He would have liked very much to buy his son a lot of presents for Christmas, buy him a new pair of shoes, send him to a good school, and give him enough to eat. But he was jobless. He pretended to be funny and lied to his son so as not to upset the boy.6. The

53、 boy's parents remained indifferent to their son's feelings. They even asked him to go to bed early on Christmas Eve.FThe boy's parents actually loved the boy very much. They thought that by being asked to go to bed early, their son would forget about the Christmas tree and all, and he w

54、ould sleep away his unhappiness.7. Hardly any examples are given to show that the parents were in a state of anguish because of their poverty.FThere are ample examples in the text to show their anguish over their poverty. The following are only some of them.1) The mother looked distressed when her s

55、on confessed that he had written his name on the envelope.2) When their son spoke of Christmas, there was a strange, embarrassed silence.3) When the boy said that it was Christmas Eve, his mother's face was pale and stony and his father pretended to be funny once more.)B. Explain the following s

56、entences in your own words.1. As the day approached, my chest grew tighter with anxiety.As the day drew near, I became more and more uneasy as I didn't know why my parents kept silent about Christmas.2.1 waited in painful bewilderment.I waited with a feeling of confusion which was agonizing.3.1

57、was stunned 一 with finding out the truth.I was shocked when I found out about the truth.4.1 lay there in the dark, feeling the cold emotion of renunciation.It was dark. Lying in bed, I felt the numb sensation of abandoning all desires I didn't want anything any more.5. The tendrils of desire unf

58、old their clasp on the outer world of objects, withdraw, shrivel up. Wishes shrivel up, turn black, die.A longing for things, like a threadlike part of a climbing plant, uncurls, reaches out towards the things desired, but unsatisfied, draws back, curls up again, and dies. All longings dry out, turn

59、 black and finally vanish into thin air.Text II1. TextFamily ChristmasThen up rose Mrs. Cratchit, Cratchit's wife, dressed out but poorly in a twice-turned gown, but brave in ribbons, which are cheap, and make a goodly show for sixpence; and she laid the cloth, assisted by Belinda Cratchit, second of her daughters, also brave in ribbons; while Master Peter Cratchit plunged a fork into the saucepans of potatoes, and, getting the corners of his monstrous shirt c