主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解

1、主谓一致的讲解主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1 .由and连接主语时And连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数LiMingandZhangHuaaregoodstudents.Likemanyothers,thelittletrampandthenaughtyboyhaverushedthereinsearchofgold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子B

2、othriceandwheataregrowninthisarea.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。Theprofessorandwriterisspeakingatthemeeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言Ajournalistandauthourlivesonthesixthfloor.一位新闻记者兼作家HislawyerandformercollegefriendwaswithhimonhistriptoEurope.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行ThePremierandForeignMinisterwaspresentatthestateban

3、quet.总理兼外长比较：thewriterandtheeducatorhavevisitedourschool.thewriterandeducatorhasvisitedourschool.HislawyerandhisformercollegefriendwerewithhimonhistriptoEurope.注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可Aboyandgirlareplayingtennis.3)并列主语前有each,every,manya,no等修饰时谓语动词用单数Eachdoctorand

4、(each)nurseworkinginthehospitalwasaskedtohelppatients.Everyman,womanandchildisentitledtotakepartintheactivity.有权参力口Everyboyand(every)girladmireshimforhisfinesenseofhumour.Manyaboyand(manya)girlhasmadethesamemistakeNoboyandnogirlistherenow.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：manya跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Manyastudentwasdisapp

5、ointedafterseeingthemovie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数|Alawandruleaboutprotectingenvironmenthasbeendrawnup.关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。Theknifeandforkhasbeenwashed刀叉已经被洗好Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意；常被视为主体的结构Acupandsaucer一副杯碟Ahorseandcart马车Aknifeandfork一副刀叉Alawandrule法规Aneedleandthread一套针线Fis

6、handchips炸鱼加炸薯条Thestarsandstripes星条旗2 .由（either）or或neither-nor等连接的主语时由eitheror,neithernor,or,notonlybut（also）连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则EitheryouorJaneistobesenttoNewYork.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neitheryounorhehasfinishedtheexperiment.Neithertheteachernorthestudentslikethispieceofmusic.都不喜欢这首曲子Notonlytheoldfarmerbutalsoh

7、isfamilywerefriendlytome.Notonlyhisfriendsbutalsohehimselfislookingforwardtotakingpartintheparty.3 .主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走NotyoubutIamtoanswerthequestionI,notyou,amtoanswerthequestion.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1）学科名词：physics物理mathematics/maths数学economics经济学politics政治学新闻;news体操：GymnasticsAsweknow,Physics

8、isafundamentalsubjectinscience.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematicsisarequiredcourseformiddleschoolstudents.数学是中学生的门必修课Einsteinoncesaid,“Politicsismuchmoredifficultthanphysics.”注意：当mathematics表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可Ifmymathematicsis/areright,theansweris56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56Thetelevisionnewsisat7o'clockintheeveninge

9、verydayGymnasticsismysister'sfavouritesport2）有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语means方式方法aircraft飞机works工厂crossroads十字路口deer鹿sheep羊fish鱼Thisworkswasbuildin1982这座工厂是Byfar,threesteelworkshavebeencloseddowninthiscityThismeansoftransporthasbeentriedAllpossiblemeanshavebeentried3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopst

10、icks筷子compasses圆规glasses眼镜gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤pants裤子scissors剪子shoes鞋子shorts短裤socks短袜trousers裤子Mytrousersarewhiteandhisclothesareblack.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Whyareyourshoessodirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词aapairof,asuitof,apieceof,akindof等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数Apairofscissorsislyinginthatdrawer.Thesekindsofglassesarepopul

11、arthissummer.4）表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数TheunitedStatesisadevelopedcountryTheNewYorkTimesiswidelyreadintheworld.5）以-s结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数TheHimalayashaveamagnificentvarietyofplants.植物种类繁多TheNiagaraFallsaresplendidwaterfalls.6）以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产clothes衣服plasticsearnings收入go

12、ods货物leavings乘U余savings储存Allthegoodsareveryexpensive.2 .集体名词作主语时1） mankind,humanity,man作主语时，谓语一般用单数Onlymanknowshowtocook.只有人懂得烹饪2） people,police,cattle,youth等作主语时，只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数Thepoliceareinvestigatingtheriot.正在调查暴舌L事件Thecattlearegrazingthethefield正在牧场吃草Manycattlewerekilledforthis.就因为这个原因宰了

13、不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如：Thereare56peoplesinChina3） family,crowd等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有：Army,assembly议会集会audiencebandclassclubcommitteecompanycongress议会youthcrew全体工作人员crowdenemyfamilygang团伙governmentgroupherd牧群jurypopulationpublicteam强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语ThefamilyisgoingtomovetoNewYorkThefamilyhavedif

14、ferentopinionsabouttheirgoingabroadThefootballclubcommitteearrangesallthematchesThefootballclubcommitteehavedecidedtodismisshim.比较：Afamily,agroup,aclass做主语时用单数谓语Families,groups,classes作主语时用复数谓语Agroupiscomingtothezoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4） baggage/luggage（行李），clothing（衣服），）,machinery（机器），poetry（诗）,scenery（风景）

15、,jewelry（珠宝），equipment（设备）等,是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词（当然更不能用数词）Ourclothingprotectsusfromagainstthecold.我们的衣服可以御寒.Haveyoucheckedallyourbaggage?你所有行李都托运了吗？【注】machinery,poetry,jewelry,scenery等相应的个体可数名词是machine,poem,jewel,scene等.如：apoem/apieceofpoetry（一首诗）,manymachines/muchmachinery/manypiecesofmachinery（许多机

16、器）.5） hair的用法hair（头发，毛发）指全部头发或毛发时，为集合名词（不可数）；指几根头发或毛发时，为个体名词（可数）：Myhairhasgrownverylong.我的头发已长得很长了.Thepolicefoundtwohairsthere.警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6） fruit的用法fruit（水果）作为集合名词，它通常是不可数的：Hedoesn'teatmuchfruit.他不大吃水果.Heisgrowingfruitinthecountry.他在乡下种水果.但是，当要表示种类时，它可视为可数名词，即afruit指一种水果fruits指多种水果比较：Somefrui

17、tshavethickskins.有些水果皮很厚.3 .非谓语动词或从句作主语时1）非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数Toimproveagriculturallandneedsalotofmoney.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金ToseeistobelieveSwimmingisagoodwaytokeephealthHowtheywillsolvetheproblemremainstobeseenWhethershewillcomeisnotknown2）多个非谓语动词作主语，表达一个概念谓语用单数，表达不同概念谓语用复数Goingtobeearlyandgettingupearly

18、isgoodforyourhealth.早睡早起一个概念Readingbooksandplayingtabletennisaremygreatpleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening,speaking,readingandwritingareallimportant.Tobestrictwithoneselfandtobekindtoothersaregoodqualitiesofaperson三、其他情况的主谓一致1 .表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有：miles,dollars,pounds,kilograms公斤千克

19、,kilometres公里,centimetres,厘米millimetres毫米,seconds,hours,years等Fivedollarsseemsafairprice是个公道的价格TwokilometresisnotveryfarfortheyoungmanFivehoursisashorttimeforsuchadifficultjob2 .如果强调数目谓语动词用复数OnehundredcentsmakeadollarMorethantwentyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.3 .算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式，有时也用复数Fivetimes

20、eightis/arefortyFourandeightmakes/maketwelveSixtyminussevenleavesfifty-threeForty-eightdividedbysixiseight4 .复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数EveryonesomethinganybodynowhereEveryoneintheclasswassurprisedatthenewsListen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Isanyonegoingtotellhimthenews?5 .eachoneof，everyoneof，anyoneof，oneof，等

21、作主语时谓语用单数Eachofthegirlinourclasshasaballoon我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Eachofthestudentswasaskedtospeakforthreeminutes.Everyoneofthemisfamiliartome.我对他们都很熟悉6 .each,every作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Everyboyinourclasshasaskateboard一副滑板TheyeachhaveastateboardEach/EverystudenthasanEnglish-Chinesedictiona

22、ryThestudentseachhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary7 .noneof+不可数名词谓语用单数noneof,neitherof,+可数名词复数/复数代词+谓语动词单数复数都可eitherof,Noneofthatmoneyinthedeskishis不可数名词Noneofhisclassmatesknowsthetruth尸NoneofhisclassmatesknowthetruthNeitherofthestatementsistrue=Neitherofthestatementsaretrue两种说法没有个真实Eitherofthequalifi

23、cationsisacceptable=Eitherofthequalificationsareacceptable8 .neither与either做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Eitherqualificationisacceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neitherqualificationisacceptable9 .分数百分数+of+名词，someof,plentyof,alotof,lotsof,mostof,therestof,all(of),half(of)谓语常与of后面的名词一致分数/百分数+of+复数名词/复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数+of+单数

24、名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Twothirdsofthestudentssupporttheplan复数名词Onetenthofthemaresufferingfromthiskindofillness.复数代词Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea单数名词EightypercentoftheemployeesinthecompanyarefromBeijing百分数复数名词Thirtypercentofitsareaisfloodedeachyear.百分数单数名词TherestofthemoneybelongstoyouTherestoft

25、hestudentsspeakforit.HalfoftheappleisrottenHalfoftheapplesarerotten10 .more()thanone结构作主语时More()thanone+单数名词谓语用单数More+复数名词+thanone谓语用复数Morethantwo+复数名词谓语用复数MorethanonewhiterosehasbloomedinthegardenMorewhiterosesthanonehavebloomedinthegardenMorethantwowhiteroseshavebloomed两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11 .anumberof+复数名

26、词谓语用复数许多的Thenumberof+名词谓语动词用单数的数量AnumberoftreesaregreeninAprilAgreatnumberoftouristshavebeentotheGreatWallAlargenumberofworkerwereoutofworkbecausethefactorywasdestroyedinflood.Thenumberofstudentsinthecomputerclassislimitedtoten.Thenumberofworkerswhowereoutofworkwas1,000.12 .there/here引导句子时就近原则Therea

27、resomechairsandatableintheroomThereisatableandsomechairsintheroomHerearesomegiftsforyouHereisabook,apenandsomepaperforyou.13 .当主语后接修饰语时With,alongwith,togetherwith,but,besides,except,like,including,inadditionto,aswellas,ratherthan,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksisofferedtothenationasagift被作为礼物送给了这个国家Theteacher,alongwithherstudents,isgoingtoattendthelecture听报告Apeasant,togetherwithsomesoldiers,isabouttohelpus.Allbutonehavearrivedhere.除了一个人外所有人都到了Nooneexcepttwostudent