figures of speech and others

1、Figures of speech and othersTo read or not to read, that is not a question!To read fiction or non-fiction works:1. feel for the language;2. language appreciation; 1) figures of speech; 2) some differences between English and Chinese;3. style (Early Autumn)To read dictionariesLanguage appreciation:e.

2、g. Jane Eyre, Chapter XXXVII:“I arrested his wandering hand, and prisoned it in both mine.”Consult and read dictionariese.g. 1. Six people had been injured because a mad man, too drunk to walk, had gotten behind the wheel. wheel n. the steering wheel of a car or guiding wheel of a ship2. Whenever I

3、go, my little brother dogs my footsteps.3. Dont monkey with my television.4. The procession snaked its way through narrow streets.Figures of speechAlliterationPunSyllepsis / ZeugmaOxymoron I. Alliteration (头韵头韵) the use of words that begin with the same sound in order to make a special effect, espec

4、ially in poetry e.g. fair and flower 疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏。1. She sells sea-shells on the seashore.2. The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followed free; We were the first that ever burst Into the silent sea.3. There are twelve months in all the year, As I hear many men say, But the merri

5、est month in all the year Is the merry month of May.In literary works:1. Pride and Prejudice2. Sense and Sensibility3. Nature and NurtureIn writing:1. weakness and wickedness2. vigor and vitalityrhyme落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。A lone wild duck with the sunset clouds fly; the autumn river mirrors the color of t

6、he sky.II. Pun (双关双关) “杨柳青青江水平，闻郎江上唱歌声。东边日出西边雨，道是无晴还有晴。”刘禹锡竹枝词1. 同音双关:e. g. 1) Make your every hello a real good-buy.2) Theres never been a better TIME. (TIME magazine)2. 一词多义双关:e. g. 1) “Why is the river rich?” “Because it has two banks.”2) “What does that lawyer do after he dies?” “Lie still.”3. 歧

7、解双关:e. g. What kind of money do girls like the most? Matrimony.III. Denotation and Connotation: (本义与转义本义与转义)1他的眼睛扫了前排的座位。 a. He looked very quickly from right to left at the front row. b. His eyes ran down the front row.2他一目十行地读完了这本书。 a. He read the book quickly and roughly. b. He just rushed throug

8、h the book.3他的爸爸正在为锯子锉齿。 His father was toothing a saw.4他的讲话离题了。 His talk branched off from the subject.5她的额头缀满了晶莹的汗珠。 Sweat pearled her forehead.6挖泥船(dredge)将淤泥从湖底挖起。 The dredge spooned up mud from the bottom of the lake.IV. Syllepsis / Zeugma (一笔双一笔双叙叙)1穿着名牌套装，满脸冷酷.wearing a famous-brand suit and

9、a cold look.2. The senator picked up his hat and his courage.3. She went home in a flood of tears and a sedan chair.4. Yesterday he had a blue coat and heart. 5. Ten minutes later, the coffee and commander arrived simultaneously. V. Oxymoron (矛盾修饰法矛盾修饰法)1. Juliet:“Good night, good night! Parting is

10、such sweet sorrow, That I shall say good night till it be tomorrow.”Romeo and Juliet, Act 2, Scene 22. a wise fool3. cruel kindnessSome Differences between English and Chinese1.英语重形合英语重形合(Hypotaxis)，汉语重意合，汉语重意合(Parataxis) e.g. 1) 跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。 The monks may run away, but the temple cannot r

11、un away with them.2)一个英国人，不会说中国话，有一次在中国旅行。一个英国人，不会说中国话，有一次在中国旅行。 An Englishman who could not speak Chinese was once traveling in China.For example: 燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？译文：Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return; willow trees may have died back

12、, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return? 2英语句子：葡萄型结构；汉语句子：竹竿型结构英语句子：葡萄型结构；汉语句子：竹竿型结构For Example: 二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋对象，听说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，对象，听

13、说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怆然泪下。想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怆然泪下。三十岁之后，到处打听哪里可以花钱买个三十岁之后，到处打听哪里可以花钱买个MBA。Version 1: At 20, during a summer holiday I encountered my beloved one in the street of my hometown. I heard he was admitted to be a graduate. I was struck by his advance. I couldnt hel

14、p shedding tears in my extreme grief. I thought that for this life I could never achieve much to let him see me in a new light. After30, I inquire everywhere to purchase a MBA certificate. Version 1: At 20, during a summer holiday I encountered my beloved one in the street of my hometown. I heard he

15、 was admitted to be a graduate. I was struck by his advance. I couldnt help shedding tears in my extreme grief. I thought that for this life I could never achieve much to let him see me in a new light. After30, I inquire everywhere to purchase a MBA certificate. Version 2: At the age of twenty, I ra

16、n into the young man whom I loved in private in the street of my hometown. Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow, believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks. Afte

17、r thirty, I busy myself here and there, inquiring where I could buy a MBA diploma.3. 汉语喜重复，英语不喜重复汉语喜重复，英语不喜重复1) 子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。” The Master said, “At fifteen I aspired to become a learned man; by the age of thirty I had established myself; after I reached forty nothing bewildered me any more; at fifty I began to understand the mandate of Heaven; at six