Unit 3 The blast furnace plant

1、SMM, NEU2022-4-1421comprise包括，由包括，由组成组成2bunker料仓料仓3hopper漏斗，料斗漏斗，料斗4cast house出铁场出铁场5hot stove (cowper)热风炉热风炉6slim细长的细长的7tulip喇叭形喇叭形8silhouette轮廓轮廓9truncated截短了的截短了的10cylinder圆筒，圆柱体圆筒，圆柱体11cone锥体锥体12piling打桩，打桩工程打桩，打桩工程13throat(炉炉)喉喉14belly炉腰炉腰15bosh炉腹炉腹16composite复合的，合成的复合的，合成的17plug炉底彻块，塞子炉底彻块，塞子1

2、8slag volume渣量渣量SMM, NEU2022-4-14319practice实际操作实际操作20blow-in开炉开炉21be referred to as叫作，称为叫作，称为22notch出口，槽口出口，槽口23iron notch铁口铁口24slag notch渣口渣口25emergency紧急情况，突然事件紧急情况，突然事件26critical关键性的，紧要的关键性的，紧要的27parameter参数参数28stack炉身，堆，一堆炉身，堆，一堆29ceramic陶瓷的陶瓷的30cylindrical圆柱圆柱(形，体形，体)的的31stockline料线料线32offtake

3、煤气导出管，排气管煤气导出管，排气管33density密度密度34copper铜铜35stave板，冷却壁板，冷却壁36content里面的东西里面的东西SMM, NEU2022-4-14437evenly均匀的均匀的38dump倾卸，倾倒倾卸，倾倒39double bell双料钟双料钟40arrangement装置，配置装置，配置41cooling plate冷却板冷却板42external外部的，外面的外部的，外面的43undertake进行，从事进行，从事44belt皮带皮带45skip料车料车46distribute分配，分布分配，分布47bell-less无料钟的无料钟的48seal

4、密封密封49rotating chute旋转溜槽旋转溜槽50liquid液体液体(n)；液体的，液态的；液体的，液态的(adj)51float飘浮，漂浮飘浮，漂浮52skimmer撇渣器撇渣器53pool池池54dam堤，坝堤，坝SMM, NEU2022-4-14555separate分开，隔离分开，隔离56runner流槽流槽57iron runner铁沟铁沟58trench沟槽，沟道沟槽，沟道59facility设施，设备设施，设备60pit池，深坑池，深坑61slag pit渣池渣池62be adjacent to接近接近63steel plant钢厂钢厂64water spray喷水喷

5、水65slag ladle渣罐渣罐66transport传送，运输传送，运输67remote遥远的，边远的遥远的，边远的68taphole出出(铁，钢，渣铁，钢，渣)口口69taphole drill开开(铁铁)口机口机70mudgun泥炮泥炮71blower house鼓风机室鼓风机室72blend混合混合SMM, NEU2022-4-14673hot blast main热风管热风管74mixer line混风管混风管75ring main bustle热风围管热风围管76encircle环绕，围绕，包围环绕，围绕，包围77deliver输送输送78exit排出，离去排出，离去79duct

6、管，导管管，导管80tuyere风口，风嘴风口，风嘴81uptake上升管上升管82downcomer下降管下降管83bleeder分压器，放散阀分压器，放散阀84pressure relief valve减压阀，溢流阀减压阀，溢流阀85scrub使使(空气空气)净化，擦洗净化，擦洗86particulate微粒的微粒的87trough沟，槽沟，槽88concrete混凝土混凝土89hoist升起，提起升起，提起90chute斜槽，滑道斜槽，滑道SMM, NEU2022-4-147 A complete blast furnace plant (see the figure below) co

7、nsequently comprises many components. The most important of these are: the blast furnace, bunkers, charging equipment, the cast house, hot blast stoves, top gas removal and cleaning equipment.1 stockhouse; 2 scale car/skip system; 3 system of “bells” or a chute bell-less top; 4 offtakes; 5 uptakes;

8、6 downcomer; 7 bleeders; 8 dust catcher; 9 gas cleaning system; 10 the water gas “stove stack”; 11 hot blast main; 12 mixer line; 13 ring main bustle pipe; 14 tuyeres; 15 cast house; 16 trough; 17 iron runner; 18 slag runner.SMM, NEU2022-4-148 The blast furnace is a continuously working shaft furnac

9、e. In its original form, it was slim and tulip shaped. Today, its silhouette consists of truncated cylinders and cones. Blast furnace is a large refractory-lined steel vessel and the entire furnace requires cooling. The following is an introduction to the parts and functions of a modern blast furnac

10、e. The furnace is built on a foundation of pilings and concrete to support the furnace and burden. The inside profile of the blast furnace is termed (from top to bottom) furnace throat, shaft, belly, bosh, and hearth (see the figure in the next slide).SMM, NEU2022-4-149The lower portion of the furna

11、ce is called the hearth. The hearth comprises carbon side wall and a central composite plug. One or more iron notches are located above the hearth, and the molten iron and slag are removed through them. Above the iron notch is the slag notch. With modern low slag volume practice, the slag notch is t

12、ypically for blowing-in or emergency use only. The portion above the hearth is the bosh, and the bosh angle is a critical parameter in the design of the furnace. The belly of the widest point can be cooled by a variety of methods. The bosh and stack usually have ceramic lining. The throat is cylindr

13、ical and is referred to as the stockline section. The top of the furnace directs the gas to the offtakes.SMM, NEU2022-4-1410 The modern blast furnace has much cooling equipment, such as, high density copper cooling plates, cast-iron stave coolers, and external shower cooling, etc. Using water-coolin

14、g process at higher smelting temperature aids in maintaining the furnace shape and structure. The design of the cooling system and refractory should be undertaken together. Raw material from the sinter and coke plants are fed to a system of bunkers, where sinter, pellets and coke are screened and we

15、ighted before being charged via a belt system or the skip car. The method of feeding the charge into the furnace is somewhat complicated, the object being to avoid wasting any of the blast furnace gas and to distribute the contents of the furnace evenly. The charge is hoisted to the top of the furna

16、ce and dumped on to a double bell and the hopper arrangement. The small bell then opens, admitting the charge onto the large bell. The small bell then closes; preventing gas from escaping when the large bell opens into the blast furnace. A recent development is the bell-less top in which the charge

17、is distributed from sealed bunkers at the furnace top by means of a rotating chute.SMM, NEU2022-4-1411 Liquid slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the “skimmer” after tapping. Molten iron flows under the skimmer into an iron pool and then over the “iron dam” to the iron runn

18、er. The slag held upstream of the skimmer flows over a slag dam to the slag runner. The iron and slag runner systems are also refractory-lined trenches. The molten iron is delivered to a series of refractory-lined hot metal cars for transportation to the steel plant. The molten slag usually goes dir

19、ectly to slag pits adjacent to the casthouse, where it is cooled with water sprays. Some facilities lacking the space for local pits use slag ladles to transport the slag to remote pits. There are two critical pieces of equipment in the casthouse: the taphole drill and the mudgun. The taphole drill

20、is used to open the taphole. The mudgun is used to plug the taphole at the end of cast.SMM, NEU2022-4-1412 Clean cold blast air is supplied from a blower house to the hot blast stoves. Each blast furnace has three or four hot blast stoves. The air is heated as it passes through the stoves to the “ho

21、t blast main”. A “mixer line” delivers a portion of the cold blast air to blend with the hot blast air to maintain a constant hot blast temperature to the furnace throughout each stove cycle. The hot blast main connects with a “ring main bustle pipe” which encircles the furnace. From the bustle pipe

22、, the hot blast is delivered to the furnace through a series of evenly spaced nozzles called “tuyeres”.SMM, NEU2022-4-1413 The gas produced by the ironmaking process exits from the top of the furnace and is delivered to the gas cleaning system via a series of refractory-lined ducts referred to as “o

23、fftakes”, “uptakes”, and the “downcomer”. At the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called “bleeders”. The downcomer delivers the dust-laden gas to the “dustcatcher” which will remove about 60% of the particulate matter in the gas. The gas then passes to a “gas cleaning system

24、” which will scrub the gas, removing 99.9% of the remaining particulate. At this point, the gas is a suitable fuel for the stoves and other areas.SMM, NEU2022-4-1414 What are the important components of the blast furnace plant? What is the lower portion of the blast furnace? Does the modern blast fu

25、rnace have much cooling equipment? What critical pieces of equipment are there in the casthouse? What will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the “skimmer” after tapping? How many hot blast stoves does each blast furnace have?SMM, NEU2022-4-1415 1. 高炉车间高炉车间 2. 出铁场出铁场 3. 热风管热风管 4. 炉身

26、炉身 5. 炉腹角炉腹角 6. 撇渣器撇渣器 7. 导出管导出管 8. 铁沟铁沟 9. 渣池渣池 10. 泥炮泥炮 11. 除尘器除尘器 12. 无钟炉顶无钟炉顶 13. 铁口铁口 14. 旋转溜槽旋转溜槽 15. 皮带系统皮带系统SMM, NEU2022-4-14161. A complete blast furnace p_ consequently comprises many components.2. The lower portion of the furnace is called the h_.3. The b_ is the wildest point of the furn

27、ace, it can be cooled by a variety of methods.4. The small bell opens, admitting the charge onto the large b_.5. Molten iron and slag produced in the blast furnace are removed and separated in the c_.6. There are two critical pieces of equipment in the casthouse: the t_ drill and the m_.7. The moder

28、n blast furnace has much c_ equipment, such as high density copper cooling plates, cast-iron staves, external cooling channels, or shower cooling etc.8. The hot blast main connects with a ring main “b_ pipe” which encircles the furnace.9. The gas produced by the ironmaking process exits from the top

29、 of the furnace and is delivered to the gas c_ system via a series of refractory-lined ducts referred to as “offtakes”, “uptakes”, and the “downcomer”.10. Blast furnace is a large refractory-lined steel v_ and the entire furnace requires cooling.SMM, NEU2022-4-1417notch support bleeders undertaken c

30、eramic skimmer double plug1. The furnace is built on a foundation of pilings and concrete to _ the furnace and burden.2. Above the iron notch is the slag _.3. Between the bosh and lower stack usually has a _ lining.4. The design of the cooling system and refractory should be _ together.5. The charge

31、 is hoisted to the top of the furnace and dumped onto a _ bell and hopper arrangement.6. Liquid slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the _ in the casthouse.7. The mudgun is used to _ the taphole at the end of the cast.8. At the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called _.SMM, NEU2022-4-14181. The inside profile of the blast furnace is termed (from top to