新人教版英语选择性必修三导学案 UNIT 4Section Ⅰ

1、新教材·英语选择性必修·第三册人教版UNIT 4ADVERSITY AND COURAGE1.make great sacrifices 做出巨大牺牲2bear defeat 忍受失败3lose heart 失去信心 4set/achieve goals 制定/达成目标5strive for your dream 为梦想而奋斗6a fresh start 一个全新的开始7conquer your fear 克服恐惧8with great enthusiasm 满怀热情9learn from failure/experience 从失败/经验中学习10correspond w

2、ords to actions 使言行一致11seek advice or help 寻求建议或帮助12show respect 表示尊重13in a difficult position/situation 处于困境14courage in the face of danger 面对危险时的胆量15inner strength/power 内在的力量16attain a goal 达到目标17lack confidence 缺乏自信18a miserable failure 一次可悲的失败19have an iron will 有钢铁般的意志20moral courage 道德的勇气21fi

3、erce/grim/dogged determination 坚强的/不屈不挠的/顽强的决心22rich experience 丰富的经验23role model 榜样24inspire your potential 激发潜能25an important decision/factor 重要决定/因素26a brave/charitable/evil deed 勇敢的行为/善举/恶行27have a strong/weak character 个性强/不强28try one's best/utmost 竭尽全力29helpful advice/information/suggestio

4、ns 有用的劝告/信息/建议30keep it real 保持真实31under the unfavourable conditions 在不利的条件下32terrible struggle 可怕的斗争33powers of endurance 耐力34a painful experience/memory 痛苦的经历/回忆35a remarkable achievement/career/talent 非凡的成就/事业/才能36strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点37excellent/personal quality 优良/个人品质38the key to succ

5、ess 成功的关键39keep your chin up 不气馁；不灰心40renew a record 刷新纪录41highly dangerous 十分危急42one good reason 一个充分的理由43take action 采取行动44difficult choices 艰难的抉择45overcome oneself 战胜自己46stay the course 坚持到底47confront the life 面对人生48in hesitation 犹豫不决49pluck up the courage 鼓起勇气50a sign of weakness 懦弱的表现51win a vi

6、ctory 获得胜利52shed tears of happiness 喜极而泣53the heart of the matter/problem 事情/问题的核心54address/tackle/solve a problem 处理/应付/解决难题55A good beginning is half the battle. 良好的开端是成功的一半。Section Reading and ThinkingA SUCCESSFUL FAILURE一次成功的失败Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to A

7、ntarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914.珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍”号南极探险之旅。Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions.沙克尔顿在他那个时代是最著名的探险家之一，能参加他的探险被认为是极大的荣誉。Below are some of Blackborow's diary entri

8、es.以下是一些布莱克博罗的日记内容。词句自测expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力“分句(Shackleton . his day)and分句(it . expeditions)”。本句是and连接并列复合句。前一个分句的结构是“主(Shackleton)系(was)表(one . day)”；后一个分句的结构是“主(it)谓(was considered)”，it是形式主语，不定式短语 to be part of his expeditions是真正的主语； a great honour是it的主补。31 Oct, 19141914年10月3

9、1日. Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.嗯，碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸，看到了关于南极考察的广告。An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackletonthis is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.与伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险这是我

10、一直以来梦寐以求的冒险。And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour.我已经准备好了。19岁的我身体健康，精力充沛。词句自测However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified.然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不够资格。But I was so enthus

11、iastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.但我想和他们一起去的想法是如此地强烈，于是我偷偷上了“坚忍”号，藏在一个小橱柜里。Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered.不幸的是，在我们出发三天后，我就被发现了。词句自测turn sb down 拒绝(某人)qualified adj. 符合资格；具备的知识(或

12、技能、学历等)enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的aboard adv.& prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜“时间状语从句(when . expedition)主句(Shackleton . wasn't qualified)”。主句结构为“主(Shackleton)谓(turned)宾(me)原因状语从句(because . qualified)”。原因状语从句的结构为“主(he)谓(thought)宾语从句(I was too young and wasn't qualified)”。Shackleton

13、did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me，“If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！”沙克尔顿不想调头回去，所以他给了我一份工作，但后来他保证“如果有人要被吃掉，那么你将是第一个！”He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty­eight men, three times a day.他派我去当服务员，我负责28个人的

14、一日三餐。How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些令人惊叹的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我！词句自测assign vt. 分派；布置；分配steward n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员envy n& vt. 羡慕；妒忌21 Nov, 19151915年11月21日The journey has not been easy.这趟旅程并不容易。Endurance became stuck in the

15、ice as we approached Antarctica.“坚忍”号在我们靠近南极洲时被困在冰上。The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! 冰把我们周围都冻住了，我们彻底被卡住了！We saw the ship get crushed by the ice.我们看见船被冰压碎了。And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.当船下沉的时候，我们的心也跟着沉了。词句自测crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎n. 拥挤的人群sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降vt. 使下沉

16、；使沉没Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential suppliesthe small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets.在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿平静地把我们叫到一起，告诉我们要抢出最基本的生活用品小船、食物、炉具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。This was no time to panic.现在不是恐慌的时候。We were not al

17、lowed to take most of our personal belongings， and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold.沙克尔顿不允许我们带走大部分私人物品，他自己也扔掉了所有的金子。But to our surprise，he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo.但令我们吃惊的是，沙克尔顿竟然允许赫西带着他的班卓琴。Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.因为赫西经常演奏班卓琴来使我们保持精神振奋。We are now camped on the

18、 ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.我们现在在冰上扎营，一直设法生存，但是春天要到了，冰很快就会融化。词句自测abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具blanket n. 毯子belongings n. pl. 财物；动产banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器)“时间状语从句(Before . ship)主句(Shackleton . supplies)”。时间状语从句的结构是“主(we)谓(abandon

19、ed)宾(the ship)”；主句的结构是“主(Shackleton)谓(called)宾(us)”。called us . 和told us . 是并列关系；the small boats . and blankets是supplies的同位语。20 May, 19161916年5月20日We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.我们已经挣扎了好几天了，但是大象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。We are now crowded together under

20、one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place.我们现在挤在我们的一条船下面，在这个悲惨地方的岩石岸边。Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1，320 kilometres awaythe voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.我们到达后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们到1，320公

21、里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助这次航行太危险，太困难，我们无法让所有人都乘坐小船到达那里。 If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue? 如果沙克尔顿失败了，我们还有得救的希望吗？No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here.不。世界上没有海军会在大象岛停留，也没有人知道我们在这里。词句自测miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的voyage n& vi. 航海；航行navy n.

22、 海军；海军部队“主(We)系(are)表(crowded)”。under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place是地点状语。on the rocky shore是boats的后置定语，of this miserable place是shore的后置定语。I feel low.我觉得希望渺茫。 It's cold and windy.天气又冷风又大。The island has no plants.岛上没有植物。 Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a peng

23、uin to eat有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅吃。Otherwise, there is no food.否则，就没有食物可以吃。I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes，a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face . 我试着去想高兴的事情：像样的食物，温暖干燥的衣服，舒适的卧室，阳光明媚的日子，还有我妈妈的脸However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden co

24、ld rush of air.然而，这些快乐的回忆很快就被突然袭来的冷空气打断了。词句自测decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的I shouted, “Shut the door！”我喊道：“关门！”“Hold on now，Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom，” came the reply.传来一声回答：“要坚持住啊，珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆。”“We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！

25、”“我们抓到了另一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝！”Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton.上帝保佑弗兰克·怀尔德继我们的领袖欧内斯特·沙克尔顿后最善良的人。How could I become as selfish and bad­tempered as Thomas Orde­Lees!我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私又暴躁呢！Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by

26、now.如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们早就死了。Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance，and their resolve fill me with hope.他们对他人的真切关心，他们的毅力和决心让我充满了希望。Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.毕竟，我们还是有机会回家的。词句自测selfish adj. 自私的genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神resolve vi.&

27、; vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n. 决心；坚定的信念1assign vt. 分派；布置；分配(教材P38)归纳拓展情景助记The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.老师给每个孩子布置了不同的任务。They've assigned their best man to the job.他们指派了最优秀的人完成这份工作。She is in Greece on an assignment for one of the Sunday newspapers.她在希腊为一家周日报刊工作。(1)单句语法填空T

28、he two large classrooms have been assigned _ us.The agreement assigns the copyright _ the publisher.I had set myself a tough _ (assign).答案：totoassignment(2)单句表达不久，他们指派他到一个新的工作岗位。Soon they _ a new post.答案：assigned him to2envy n& vt. 羡慕；妒忌(教材P38)归纳拓展情景助记I pretended to be thrilled, but was sick wit

29、h envy!我假装万分激动，但实际上非常妒忌！Glover thinks that Smith did him down, perhaps out of envy.格洛弗认为史密斯说他坏话也许是出于妒忌。A good dictionary is the envy of all students.一本好词典是同学们所羡慕的东西。She couldn't conceal her envy of me.她掩饰不住对我的忌妒。I'm so envious of you getting an extra day's holiday. 我真羡慕你得到一天额外的假期。They we

30、re watched enviously by the rest of the crowd. 人群中其余的人羡慕地看着他们。(1)单句语法填空“You are so lucky to have a brother，” said the boy _ envy.Treat the flowers right and your garden will be the envy _ the neighbourhood.Karl watched _ (envious) as I climbed onto the gleaming bike. He saw the _ (envy) look in the

31、other boy's eyes.答案：withofenviouslyenvious(2)单句表达他对他的态度是出于妒忌。His attitudes toward him were _在那个时期他是同学们羡慕的对象。At that time he was _ his classmates.答案：out of envythe envy of3crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎n. 拥挤的人群(教材P38)归纳拓展I couldn't find a way through the crush.人太挤，我挤不过去。A windmill is used to crush grain

32、into flour.风车被用来把谷粒轧成面粉。I'll crush the juice out of oranges for you.我榨橙子汁给你喝。(1)单句语法填空The growing grass was crushed _ by the building waste. You can't crush twenty people _ such a tiny room.答案：downinto(2)单句表达我们被挤出了礼堂。We were crushed _ the auditorium.答案：out of 4sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降vt. 使下沉；使沉没(教材

33、P38)归纳拓展It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dried earth.雨水渗入干旱的泥土需要一些时间。Every evening, Josh enjoys watching the sun sink below the horizon.每天傍晚，乔希喜欢看着太阳没入地平线。His head sank down as he fell asleep.他睡着时头垂了下来。(1)单句语法填空The wheels started to sink _ the mud. The sun sank _， and in the

34、sky floated a thin, ineffectual moon.答案：intodown(2)单句表达月亮下山了。The moon _ the hills.答案：sank below5abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃(教材P38)归纳拓展情景助记We should not abandon searching for survivals. 我们不应该放弃搜寻幸存者。After his mother died, he abandoned himself to grief. 他母亲死后，他悲伤不已。The fans cheered with abandon when their fo

35、otball team won.当他们的足球队获胜时，球迷们便尽情地欢呼。The child was found abandoned but unharmed.该弃儿被人们发现时安然无恙。(1)单句语法填空At last they abandoned _ (resist) and surrendered.I am a girl loving freedom but never fly _ abandon. The _ (abandon) car was causing traffic jam.答案：resistingwithabandoned(2)单句表达我们沉浸在美丽的景色之中。We _ t

36、he beautiful landscape.答案：abandoned ourselves to6perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神(教材P39)归纳拓展情景助记They showed great perseverance in the face of difficulty.他们在面对困难时表现了坚强的毅力。Despite a number of setbacks, they persevered in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon.虽屡遭挫折，他们仍不断尝试乘气球环游世界。He was hope

37、less at French, but his teacher persevered with him.他怎么也学不会法语，可是老师还是坚持帮助他。(1)单句语法填空If you persevere _ the work, you'll succeed in the end. _ (persevere) leads to success.答案：with/inPerseverance(2)单句表达除非你坚持不懈地发展天赋，否则它一文不值。Talent is worthless unless you _ it.答案：persevere in developing7resolve vi.&a

38、mp; vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n. 决心；坚定的信念(教材P39)归纳拓展He resolved not to tell her the truth.他决定不告诉她真相。He seemed to have resolved on amendment.他似乎已决心痛改前非。We resolve firmly against international terrorism.我们坚决反对国际恐怖主义。She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often.她决定要多拜访亲戚。(1)单句语法填空She resolved _ she

39、 would never see him again.The reform owe a great deal to the _ (resolve) of one man.答案：thatresolution(2)单句表达委员会决定任用一名新秘书。The committee _ appointing a new secretary.答案：resolved on.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子1It is _ (自私的) not to let others know this good news.答案：selfish2On the raft down the river navigation

40、, we saw a steamboat that was going to _ (沉没).答案：sink3I felt warm and _ (舒适的) sitting by the fire.答案：cosy4He is an educated, amiable and _ (正派的) man.答案：decent5Please make sure you have all your _ (财物) with you when leaving the plane.答案：belongings6I wrapped the baby in a b_答案：blanket7The kitchen c_ w

41、as stocked with tins of soup and food.答案：cupboard8None of the passengers and c_ were injured.答案：crew9The Titanic sank on its maiden v_答案：voyage10Even the experts took the painting for a g_ Van Gogh.答案：genuine.单句语法填空1He resolved _ doing better work in the future.答案：on2It was a grey, wet, _ (misery) d

42、ay.答案：miserable3He sank _ hopelessness after his business failed.答案：into4He asked her to marry him but she turned him _答案：down5For work and life, you need passion and _ (persevere).答案：perseverance.单句表达1他被派到公司的上海分部。He _ the company's branch in Shanghai.答案：was assigned to2这箱子被压得不成型了。The box _ shap

43、e. 答案：was crushed out of3我们的飞机下降到了三千米的高度。Our plane _ the height of 3 kilometres.答案：sank to4当他妻子丧生车祸的消息传来，他陷入了深深的绝望。He _ deep despair when the news came that his wife had been killed in a car accident.答案：abandoned himself to5平时一直非常自制的父亲变得暴躁了。My father, who had always been very self­controlled, _

44、答案：became bad­tempered课后课时作业(一)阅读Canadians are blessed with an abundance of natural wonders with enough lakes, mountains and rivers to explore for a lifetime. We've also got some of the most shocking waterfalls on Earth.Pissing Mare FallsGros Morne National Park, Newfoundland and LabradorPi

45、ssing Mare Falls may have a funny sounding name but they're no joke: in fact, they're one of the highest waterfalls in Canada. Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park, the falls are only accessible by boat tour.Takakkaw FallsYoho National Park, British ColumbiaTakakkaw translated f

46、rom Cree loosely means the “magnificent”， and it's a suitable word for the second­highest waterfalls in Canada. After a steep drive up a winding road, these falls are only a short hike from the parking lot along a wheelchair accessible path.Niagara FallsNiagara Falls, OntarioNiagara Falls a

47、re the most famous waterfalls in Canada. Actually, they are made up of three different fallsthe Horseshoe Falls, the most powerful in North America, are the only one located on the Canadian side. Melting glaciers formed the falls thousands of years ago and the beautiful green color is due to dissolv

48、ed salt and finely ground rock.Bridal Veil FallsBridal Veil Falls Provincial Park, British ColumbiaPretty and delicate, the Bridal Veil Falls are located just east of Chilliwack, British Columbia, and really do look like a bride with a beautiful veil， with water gently pouring over smooth rock. An e

49、asy 15­minute walk to the falls takes you through rich leaves. Picnic tables are available, and there are lots of opportunities for viewing wildlife along the way.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位于加拿大的四个令人震惊的瀑布。1Where are Pissing Mare Falls?ANear British Columbia.BIn a beautiful small park.COn the highest m

50、ountain in Canada.DBetween Newfoundland and Labrador.答案：B细节理解题。根据Pissing Mare FallsGros Morne National Park, Newfoundland and Labrador部分中的“Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park, the falls are only accessible by boat tour.(瀑布位于美丽的格罗斯莫恩国家公园，只有乘船游览才能到达。)”可知，Pissing Mare (母马撒尿)瀑布在一个美丽的小公园里。故

51、选B。2How did Niagara Falls come into being?AIt remains a mystery.BIt originated from several rivers.CIt was formed by the melting glaciers.DIt was made by dissolved salt and finely ground rock.答案：C细节理解题。根据Niagara FallsNiagara Falls, Ontario部分中的“Melting glaciers formed the falls thousands of years ago

52、 and the beautiful green color is due to dissolved salt and finely ground rock.(融化的冰川在几千年前形成了瀑布，美丽的绿色是由于溶解的盐和磨细的岩石。)”可知，Niagara Falls (尼亚加拉瀑布)是由融化的冰川形成的。故选C。3What can you do in Bridal Veil Falls?AHunting wildlife. BHaving a picnic.CCollecting salt. DBuying veils.答案：B细节理解题。根据Bridal Veil FallsBridal V

53、eil Falls Provincial Park, British Columbia部分中的“Picnic tables are available, and there are lots of opportunities for viewing wildlife along the way.(野餐桌随处可见，沿途有很多观赏野生动物的机会。)”可知，在Bridal Veil (新娘面纱)瀑布你可以野餐。故选B。1accessible adj. 可到达的；可接近的2magnificent adj. 壮丽的；宏伟的3veil n. 面纱1be made up 由组成2due to 由于；因为完形

54、填空In life, there are hardships that can change us for the better, or for the worse. How we _1_ to tragedy varies from person to person and depends on the circumstances.There are those who turn their adversity into a power for _2_ helping others who have suffered from a similar loss.Instead of letting their pain _3_ them from others, they rush ahead to help those facing their own pain with _4_ and love.In his book The Second Mountain, David Brooks tells the story of Sarah Adkins who _5_ a horri