(完整)初中英语现在完成时.docx

1、Present perfect tense现在完成时Objectives1 .学在完成；2 .在完成与一般去的区及用法。Grammar一、 在完成的定：1 .表示去生或已完成的作 在造成的影响或果。2 .也可以表示去已开始，一直延到在的作或状二、在完 成的构have/has+ done （ 去分）注意：表示短 作的，如:come , go, die , marry , buy等的完成不能与 tor , since等表示一段 的 用。用来持的作或状或表去重复的作，如live , study , be , wait等，常和since （自从）或for （）引的 用。3 ：I have lived

2、here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了 30 多年。三、在完成的状Lever, never, twice （ once '） , so for （到目前止） ，already （肯定句），yet （否定，疑 句）,just（ ）, before （以前）,recently（近来）等 用4 .Since+ 点，for+ 段,in the past/last few years表示短 作的，如:come , go, die , marry , buy等的完成不能与 for , since等表示一段的 用。用来持的作或状或表去重复的作，如live , s

3、tudy , be , wait等，常和since （自从）或 （）引的用。明：already 与yet都有“已”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑句，并用于句末。例如：I have already finished my homework.I haven ' t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?They have left.（他们己经离开了 ，也就是说现在他们人不在这里）Ihave had my lunch.（ 我已经吃过午饭了 ，也就是说我现在不饿 ）I

4、 can ' t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it. 注意：1）现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, three years ago等；2）不能与when连用四、现在完成时的用法A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。e.g. The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）B.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在

5、的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用，如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词 how long等。e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.自从 2002 年 Mr. Black一直住在中国。How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for+时间段”

6、或“since +时间点”。e.g. He has been in the Green China for three years.He has been a member of the Green China for three years.他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.He joined the Party 2 years ago. =He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought the book 5 day

7、s ago. =1 have had the book for 5 days.表示时间段的短语有 ：for+ 一段时间 （for 2 years）, since+ 从句（since he came here）, since+ 时间点名词 （since last year, since 5 days ago）,how long; for a long time等。五、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别1 .一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生 的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作

8、发生的时间是yesterday ）（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。2 .一般去和表示去的状用，如：ago, last week/In 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday .从前）(至lj 目前止)，since , for , inThen(那 ),that day, one day, once(3 .在完成 常和 recently (近来),ever, never, twice, so farthe past/last few years , already（肯定句），yet （否定，疑句）

9、（以前）用。在完成不与表示去的状用。在完成可表示持到在的作或状，一般是延性的，如live, teach, learn, work,study, know.六、比 have/has been to 、 have/has gone to 和 have been inhave （has） been to. 表示“曾去某地，已从那里回来了二可以和ever、never、twice 等用。have(has) been in表示“在某地呆多常与表示一段的状用，如:since, for, how long 等have（has） gone to 表示“已去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里没有回来上周他去了上海H

10、e went to Shanghai last weekHe has been to Shanghai.他（曾）到/去上海.（但他人在肯定不是在上海而是回来了He has gone to Shanghai.他已去上海了.（也身出，也已到了 ，也在路上，反正他人不在里）Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.布朗先生来上海已有三天了Exercises1.has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since heto China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, go

11、t2. His unclefor more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workunivers ity 3一youyour homework yet?Yes. Iit a moment ago.A. Did; do; finished B.Have ; done ; finishedC. How long, cameD. How far, amvedC. has lived thereD. has left theC.Have ; done ; have finished D.will; do ; finishD. has be

12、en in4. His fatherthe Party since 1978.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was in5. Do you know him we 11?D. have madeSure. Wefriends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have become6. When he arrived at the bus stop, the busfor 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away7. Ithe Leag

13、ue for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in8.The factorysince the February of 1988.A. has been openB. has openedC. was openD.have beenD.opened9. Mary and Rosefriends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become10.The meetingfor a week now.A. has finishedB. ha

14、s ended1 l.Miss Gaothis school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come to12 . How longhe?A. did, diedB. has, died13 . Heat eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleeping14 .Hethe car for a week.A. boughtB. has bought15 .-How long can I the book? -Two weeks.C. has been overC. has taughtC. has

15、, been deadC. has sleepC. has hadA. borrowB. lendC. getD. has been finishedD.has been taughtD. did, dieD. had sleptD.boughtD.keepReading完形填空This is the famous Battered-Body Trick （苦肉计）in history. One1, Zhou Yu wasthinking hard in the light about how to beat Cao Caors army when Huang Gai came in. He

16、suggested attacking with fire. "Well, it's exactly 2 I want to do/1 said Zhou. nBut I need a man to take fire to Caors camp.” Huang said he was 3 to do it.The next morning Zhou Yu held a meeting. He 4 his people to prepare three months, food for the coming battle. Just then Huang said, nCao

17、 has a 5 and stronger army than we do. So we can't win. Why not 6 this and ask for peace?”Zhou Yu got angry, n My responsibility （ 职责）is to fight with Cao. Why do you say such words?Come on! Get 7 out and kill him.'1All the other people begged for Huang. Zhou said at last, nOK, I won't k

18、ill you. 8,you'U have to get one hundred army sticks （ 军棍）!” Huang was badly hurt.Later, Huang sent a letter to Cao and he said that he wanted to help Cao. Before long, Cao received another letter from his two men in Zhou's army, saying "Huang is 9 JIn this way, Huang succeeded in setti

19、ng fire to Cao*s camp. Soon Cao's ships10in abig fire because all of them were tied together.1. A. morningB.noonC. afternoonD. night2. A. howB. whatC. whyD. when3. A. sadB. kindC.happyD. angry4. A. criedB.spokeC.askedD. shouted5. A. moreB. longerC. smallerD. larger6. A. keepB. stopC. beginD. fin

20、ish7. A. youB. meC. himD. them8. A. HoweverB. For exampleC. By the wayD. Because9. A. stupidB. cleverC.honestD. terrible10. A. wentB. fellC. brokeD. burnt阅读理解Friendship can help you stick to your aims and make you more successiul, according to an article in Times .Carlin Flora, the write r, who has

21、studied friendship for years, finds that if you re a lly want to change something in your life, you can develop friendship with people who have the same aims as you do.Friends can help make your own will stronger. Following good examples can help you get rid of bad behaviors and form new, healthier

22、ones , For example, after a busy and tiring day, you probably want to go home and watch TV. However, your friend knocks on your door and asks you to go jogging with him. After jogging, you talk over coftce together. This is much better than just sitting in the room watching TV.r riendshipFlora also

23、points out that it ' s best to stop bad habits by turning attention to different, good ones. Instead of staying at home alone and spending hours in front of your computer, building up f with those who have the values and habits you admire will lift you up more easily.We all wish to be with, and

24、be liked by our friends. When you have friendship with people with strong wills and good behaviors, you will not only succeed more easily, but also find joy on your journey. AH AM|1. The underlined word “ones ” in the third paragraph means.A. examplesB. behaviorsC. friendsD. aims2. In the writer'

25、; sopinion,is better for you after a busy and tiring day.A. sitting in the room watching TV B. staying at home alone C. spending hours infront of your computer D. jogging with a friend3. According to the writer, we should make friends with those whoFA. have the values and habits w e admire B. often

26、go jogging with us C. have thesame jobs as we do D. talk over coftee with us4. The main idea of this passage isA. friends can help make your own will strongerB. we all wish to be with, and be liked by our friendsC. it ' sbest to stop had habits by turning attention to difierent, good onesD. frie

27、ndship can help you stick to your aims and make you more successtul语法填空Few Chinese people could be 1.(busy) than Senior 3 students these days. With the national college entrance examination drawing near, they spend every waking hour 2.(battle)with books, pens and test papers.Under such great pressur

28、e, more and more students are now 3.(choose) to studyabroad. They want to reduce(减少) their stress 4.develop personal interests.Leaving China to live abroad 5.your own is not easy. Even simple daily talks can maketeenagers 6.(happy) or more homesick. Another concern is that it is very expensive 7.(st

29、udy) abroad.Actually, Chinese education is becoming more open. This year, Fudan University decided to accept students based on their abilities 8.before making a decis ion, seriously consider whetherit's worth (值得的)spending so 9.(many) to take that challenge. Going to a good Chineseuniversity mig

30、ht be better for you.Studying abroad is a diflerent experience that can make a great change to your life. But, 10. you only have blind ftiith (信念)，it may we 11 be a bitter lesson.HomeworkSometimes I really wonder Lthere is love between my parents. Every day they are verybusy 2.(make) money. They don

31、 ' nticactwaysinthethatromalread about in books or I see on TV. 3.their opinion, “ I love you ” is too much to say. One day, my mother was sewing a quilt. I quietlysat down beside her and looked at her. " Mom, I have a question for you, 21 I said,4. breaking(silthent).“ What? ” she asked, still doing her work.“ Is there love between you and Dad?” I asked her in a very low voice.She stopped her work and raised her head with surprise in her eyes