2019届江苏省南京市和盐城市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷(解析版)

1、南京市盐城市2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题本卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题） ，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man ask the woman to do?A.Park the

2、car elsewhere.B.Drive along a quiet street.C.Stop here for a short while.2. What will the weather be like this weekend?A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.3. Which course does the man suggest the woman take?A. Physics. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.4. What is the man doing?A. Eating dessert. B. Reading a book.

3、C. Taking out the rubbish.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将名出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

4、6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A painting. B. A photograph. C. A basket.7. Where did the man find the thing?A. In an art gallery. B. On the street. C. At a hospital.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why does the woman decided not to wear the first dress?A. It is torn. B. It is uncomfortable. C. It

5、 is the wrong color.9. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Do some shopping. B. Select a gift. C. Attend a concert.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What was the boy just doing?A. Collecting the leaves. B. Cutting the grass. C. Watering the flowers.11. What is the boy saving up for?A. A motorbike. B. A computer

6、. C. A car.12. What will the speakers do later?A. See a movie. B. Take a walk. C. Run kin the park.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A class project. A. A reality TV show. C. The womaH s family.14. What did the woman do at the man ' s home last time?A. She gave a

7、 short presentation.B. She watched a game with them.C. She discussed an important topic with them.15. What did the teacher tell the speakers to do?A. Try to be funny.B. Give background information.C. Talk about the global climate.16. How many people live in the man ' s house?A. Five. B. Seven. C

8、. Twelve.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What time did the speaker expect to hear the alarm?A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 9:00.18. Which piece of the speaker' s clothing was clean?A. The shirt. B. The pants. CV. The tie.19. Where did the speaker go right after getting dressed?A. The kitchen. B. The bathro

9、om. C. The bedroom.20. How did Karen probably feel in the end?A. Grateful. B. Anxious. C. Surprised.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35分）第一节单项填空（共 15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。1 .The health of garden plants depends on the soil-the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic

10、 matter, air and water.A. construction B. conservationC. corporation D. composition.【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意为：园林植物的健康取决于土壤的组成一一矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。construction 建设，建筑；conservation 保存，保护；corporation 法人，股份公司，市政府; composition 创作，成分。根据句意，选D。2 .Last December China 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outsta

11、nding contributionsto the country ' s reform and opening -up.A. distinguished B. sponsoredC. acknowledged D. evaluated【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：去年12月，中国表彰了对国家改革开放作出杰出贡献的100名中国人和10名外国人。acknowledge在此句中表示“express thanks for （sth） 为（某事物）表示感谢“。distinguish 区别，辨别；sponsor赞助；evaluate 评估。根据句意，选 C3 .Her do

12、ctor indicated that even adding a（n）amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.A. modest B. equalC. considerable D. exact【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：她的医生表示，即使增加不多的日常锻炼，也会极大地改善她的健康。modest谦逊的，不大的；适度的；equal相等的，平等的；considerable相当多的，相当大的;exact准确的，精确的。根据句意，选A。4.Computer-controlled robot

13、s are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be doneA. artificially B. manuallyC. comprehensively D. gradually【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：计算机控制的机器人接管了许多行业中的工作，而这些工作过去都是手工完成的。artificially 人造地，人为地，不自然地； manually手工地；comprehensively 全面地； gradually 渐渐地。根据句意，选B。5.clear goals, we become strangely

14、 loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.A. On top of B. In the silence ofC. On account of D. In the absence of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意为：没有清晰的目标，我们就会莫名其妙地忠于职守，直到最终成为它 们的奴隶。On top of 除之外；In the silence of 在寂静中；On account of 由于；in the absenceof缺乏。根据句意，选 Do 6.A scientist ' s

15、 attempt to produce the world ' s first gene -edited babies are immune toHIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.A. as B. whoC. whom D. whose【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为babies ,且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词who引导从句。故选R7.Never turn down a job beca

16、use you think it ' s too small. You don ' t know it can lead.A. how B. whereC. whether D. what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意为：不要因为觉得工作太小就拒绝它，你不知道它能引向何方。know后面接了宾语从句，lead是不及物动词，后面不缺成分，故用副词引导从句，根据句意，选Bo8.- I don ' t understand why Catherine stopped short she ought to have continued.-It ' s ob

17、vious that she lacked self -confidence.A. when B. whileC. if D. as【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意为：一一我不明白为什么凯瑟琳本该继续下去，却突然停了下来。一一显然她缺乏自信。when在此表示“虽然，尽管"。while表示“尽管”必须置句首；if表示“如果”；as表示“尽管”需倒装。故选 Ao9.Guangdong province rolled out new guidelines,offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.A.

18、defining B. definedC. to define D. having defined【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：广东省出台了新的规定，明确规定侮辱性绰号和网络暴力均属于校园欺凌。谓语都吃腻是rolled out是谓语动词，故define用非谓语动词形式，define与其逻辑主语guidelines之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选A。10.1 t is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he as an interpreterin a foreign enterp

19、rise.A. served B. had servedC. is serving D. would serve【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，他现在在一家外企做翻译。从前半句看，吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，后半句说的是他现在在外企做翻译，故用现在进行时。此题的关键是对前半句要理解准确，不能理解为“吉米教高中已经快五年了”。故选C。11.-We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale.-Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?A. f

20、ell through B. got throughC. cleared up D. looked up【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查短语动词。句意为：一一我们为我们的房子找到了一个买主，但后来买卖失败了。一一为什么不在网上登个广告来宣传呢？fall through表示“落空；成为泡影“。get through用完，完成，考试及格，接通电话；clear up 转晴，清理，清除疑虑；look up仰视，改善，查阅。根据句意，选A。12 .Pele had bags of natural talent, but he without the determination to deal with a

21、ll theproblems life threw in his path.A. would never succeed B. never succeededC. would never have succeeded D. have never succeeded【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意为：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不会成功的。从句中的had看，此句讲的是过去的情况。本句是由without呈现的含蓄虚拟语气，且空格所在的地方是主句，谓语动词用would have +过去分词，否定式加 never ,置于would后面。故选C13 .

22、He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once him get worried or upset.A. I saw B. I would seeC. did I see D. would I see【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句式。句意为：尽管有许多问题，他对未来仍然充满乐观，我从未见过他感到忧虑或不安。and连接两个并列句，后面一个句子是以否定词never开头，故用倒装结构，助动词置于主语前，且从前面的句子时态来看，确定是用一般过去时，故选Co【点睛】本句考查倒装句式。

23、否定状语放在句首，主句用倒装语序是常考的语法点，熟练掌握这一语法点对阅读理解和写作都有很大益处，现总结如下：“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语，将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few,hardly/scarcely when , no sooner than , at no time, by no means, no longer, not only but also , not until, nowhere, neither nor等。例如：Hardly

24、had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly.话刚出 口，她就后悔不迭。Never shall I forget this lesson.我绝对不会忘记这个教训。No sooner had I got into the house than the phone rang.我刚进屋， 电话铃就响了。At no time did he lose his self-control.他始终没有失去控制力。注意：如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词，而不针对全句，就不用进行倒装。例如：Not a soul was anywhere visible.至

25、 U处见不至 U 一个人。Hardly anybody believes that.几乎没有人相信那件事。Not long ago it rained.不久前下过雨。14.1 was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always!A. bites his tongue B. saves his skinC. steals my thunder D. pulls my leg【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查习语。句意为：我正在讲一个笑话，山姆却打断了我，他自己讲了另一个。他总是抢走我的风头

26、！ bite one' s tongue强忍着不说出自己的想法或感觉；save one' s skin免受伤害、 损失、惩罚 等；steal one ' s thunder 抢在某人之前或贬低某人的言行使之不受他人注意；pull one ' s leg 开某人玩笑。根据句意，选 Co15.- I ' ve heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right?-Many thanks.A. Good for you B. You asked for itC. There you are D. You ' v

27、e gone too far【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情境交际。句意为：一一我听说过很多关于你的事，你升职了，对吗？真为你高兴。一一非常感谢！ Good for you 真为你高兴，祝贺你；You asked for it 你自找的；There you are 给你，就是这A。样；You' ve gone too far 你太过分了。根据句意，选第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、日C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I first started writing in the summerof 1998

28、. Back then I was a teacher. After years of dreaming, I decided it was finally time to write a book. For 10 years I wrote,16 four middle-gradenovels and six pictures books almost only to editors. This was 17 in the snail-mail age.Remember the18you experienced as a child waiting for birthday presents

29、 to arrive in themail? That was me for the better part of a decade.In Spring 2009, at the last minute, I decided to hand in a middle-grade historical novel-in-verse to a 19 at a local writing conference. I knew in my heart that it was my20 work, but I wasn ' t sure how it would be21 alongside pi

30、eces meant for the adultmarket. But then -1 won. My prize 22 a one-on-one interview with an editor who, after23 my manuscript, asked,“Why don' t you have a（n）24_ yet?"Not long after that, I 25 with my first agent. Then in 2013, after parting with my first agent, I was again faced with the 2

31、6for representation. This time I submitted to threeagencies and got two 27. Over the span of 20 years, I' ve got 18 completed manuscripts andwas 28 almost 350 times. It took me 14 years to see my first book 29 the shelf. Youcould look at these numbers and get pretty 30.I can 100k at these number

32、s and feel thesame. I know plenty of people with a 31 apprenticeship（学徒期）.I have friends who havebeen more 32. All sorts of authors I 33 with in 2012 have published far more thanI have. But here ' s the 34 thing I ' ve lea rned in the last 20 years: My process is mine.My journey is mine. Eac

33、h book finds its way on its own.The writing life is a long-term journey. There is no right way. There is no 35 fix. There is no easy road. There is a lot of frustration and disappointment, but there is joy and satisfaction, too.16. A. submitting B. lending C. keeping D. presenting17. A. soon B. back

34、 C. already D. later18. A. appreciation B. entertainment C. anticipation D. embarrassment19. A. publisher B. newspaper C. reception D. competition20. A. initial B. casual C. innovative D. subjective21. A. criticized B. processed C. received D. distributed22. A. followed B. concluded C. ensured D. co

35、nfirmed23. A. correcting B. polishing C. monitoring D. reviewing24. A. agent B. client C. instructor D. fan25. A. signed B. bargained C. dealt D. reasoned26. A. excuse B. affection C. hunt D. request27. A. offers B. substitutions C. professions D. complaints28. A. registered B. rejected C. defeated

36、D. deserted29. A. under B. beside C. off D. on30. A. amused B. inspired C. touched D. frustrated31. A. longer B. heavier C. shorter D. newer32. A. famous B. intelligent C. enthusiastic D. productive33. A. debated B. mixed C. cooperated D. disagreed34. A. key B. handy C. funny D. lively35. A. tempora

37、ry B. quick C. possible D. flexible【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B【解析】本文为议论文，作者回忆了自己的写作经历，感悟到写作生涯是一个长期的旅程，没有正确的方法，没有捷径可走。有很多挫折和失望，但也有喜悦和满足。【16题详解】考查词义辨析。A. submitting 提交 B. lending 借 C. keeping 保持 D. presentin

38、g 呈现，赠送。作者十年的写作期间，向编辑提交了几部小说和图画书，故选Ao【17题详解】考查副词词义辨析。 A. soon很快 B. back 以前，过去 C. already 已经 D. later 后来。作者回忆自己写作时还是过去信件还需要邮寄的年代，故选Bo【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。 A. appreciation 欣赏 B. entertainment 娱乐 C. anticipation 希望，预感D. embarrassment 尴尬，困窘，根据下文“That was me for the better part of a decade."那是我十年中较好的一段时光

39、，因此可知此处句意：还记得小时候你希望收到生日礼物的经历吗？故选Co【19题详解】考查名词词义。A. publisher 出版者 B. newspaper 报纸 C. reception 接待 D. competition竞争，比赛，这里指作者在2009年春天参加了一次当地的写作会议，提交了作品来参赛，故选【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. initial 最初的 B. casual 休闲的，随意的 C. innovative创新的，革新的 D. subjective主观的，个人的，作者内心知道这是他的革新之作，故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. criticized 批评 B.

40、 processed 加工 C. received 接到，收到 D.distributed 分布，作者担心自己的作品是否可以被人们接受，故选 C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. followed 跟随 B. concluded结束 C. ensured确保 D. confirmed证实，批准，作者获奖以一次一对一与编辑面谈的机会作为结束。故选Bo【23题详解】考查动词词义。A. correcting 纠正 B. polishing 磨光，改进 C. monitoring 监控 D. reviewing复习，评论。编辑审阅了我的手稿。故选Do【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. agent

41、 代理人 B. client 客户 C. instructor 教师 D. fan 迷；编辑向作者提议应该有一个代理人，故选Ao【25题详解】考查动词词义。 A. signed 签字 B. bargained 交易 C. dealt 处理 D. reasoned 推论，不久之后，作者签约了第一位代理人，故选Ao【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. excuse 原谅 B. affection 影响 C. hunt 寻找 D. request 请求，在与第一个经纪人分手后，作者又一次面临寻找代理人的问题。故选Co【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. offers 提供 B. substituti

42、ons 替代 C. professions 专业 D. complaints投诉，这次我向三家中介提交了申请，得到了两份回应。故选Ao【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. registered 登记 B. rejected 拒绝 C. defeated 打败 D. deserted 遗弃，在20年的时间里，作者已经完成了18篇手稿，其中被拒绝了将近350次。故选Bo【29题详解】考查介词词义。我花了14年的时间才在书架上看到我的第一本书。在书架上，用介词 on,故选Do【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. amused 愉悦的 B. inspired受启发的C. touched感动的 D.f

43、rustrated受挫的;沮丧的，看着这些数字，你会感到沮丧挫败，故选D=【31题详解】考查形容词比较级。A. longer 更长 B. heavier 更重C. shorter更短 D. newer更新的，作者认识很多学徒期更短的人，故选 G【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. famous 著名 B. intelligent聪明的C. enthusiastic热情的 D.productive 多产的,这里指作者有很多朋友作品很多。故选Do【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. debated 争论，辩论 B. mixed混合 C. cooperated 合作D. disagreedBo考查

44、形容词词义辨析。A. key关键的 B. handy 手边的 C. funny 有趣的D. lively活泼的，由有分歧，不一致，句意：2012年，各种各样与我意见相左的作家发表的文章都比我多得多。故选【34题详解】可知，此处卜文 “My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.Ao讲得是：作者在过去 20年里学到的最重要的一件事，故选【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. temporary临时的 B. quick迅速的 C. possible可能的D. flexible灵活的，由上下文可

45、知，此处作者总结说写作生涯是一个长期的旅程。没有正确的方法。没有捷径可走。故选Bo第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Company Names That Have Secret MeaningsAuCo-founder Larry Page was at a brainstorming sessionat Stanford for a new massive data indexing website.nvloSomeone suggested “googolplex ”

46、 一 one of the largest describable NUMBERSPage shortened it to "googol.When he later checked for the availability of the domain name, he made a mistake and typed in “googleSTARBUCKSROLEXinstead. But he liked the name and registered it forhimself and co-founder Sergey Brin.This luxury car maker c

47、ombined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named for the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.Company co-founder Gordon Bowker

48、has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville ' s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company namebut also the origin of its logo has aroused great cu

49、riosity.The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.36. Which company name has a close relationship with literature?A.

50、Google. B. Cadillac.C. Starbucks. D. Rolex.37. Which of the following statements isTrue ?A. Google was adopted because“googol“ was not available then.B. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company.C. Starbucks was used due to the co- founder ' s love for his town.D. Hans Wilsdorf

51、 intended Rolex to be universally accepted.【答案】36. C 37. D【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了四家公司名字背后蕴藏的故事。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据原文中That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in HermanMelville ' s famous novel, Moby Dick.星巴克联合创始人由小镇名Starbo ,联想到了 Herman Melville的白鲸可得知答案为Q【37题详解】推理判断题。由原文 “ He wanted a name t

52、hat was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches.”可推断，他想要一个他想要一个容易说的名字，一个被普遍接受的名字， 故选D。BIf you could travel back in time five centuries, you' d encounter a freshly painted”MonaLisa " in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphe

53、re. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery.But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century? Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have se

54、emed to residents ofthe 16 century? For starters, what will the weather be like?Depending on whom you ask, the 26 th century will either be a little chilly or extremely hot.Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth' s climate will have cooled back downto near Little Ice Age condi

55、tions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will leave much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the18oos, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehist

56、oric times. Either way, tool-wielding humans alter their environment - and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed.Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on t

57、he Kardashev Scale.In other words, we' ll becomea species that can use the entire sum of a planet ' s energy, mastering clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they' ll be able to handle planetary energy in order to control global climate.Technology has improved significantly since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600,