虚拟语气学案精讲精练习题

1、学习必备欢迎下载虚拟语气 ：是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示假设、猜测、建议、主观愿望、夸张或空想，而非客观事实。求， request 请求 , insist, require 要求 , order 下令 , propose, advice, recommend, intend,He insisted that she do it right now. 他坚持她马上就做。一虚拟语气在非真实条件句从句主句与现在 事If +主语 +助动词的过主语+实相反 的should/would/could/might+动 词去式（ were, did, had）假设原形与过去 事主 语 +should/wo

2、uld/could/might实相反 的If + 主语 +had+过去分词+have+过去分词假设例句If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.prefer 宁愿 , permit, persuade, expect, decide决 定 , instruct, object, determine, urg

3、e, appoint 等等在 It is/was + 上述动词的 -ed形式 +that 从句中当上述动词以其名词形式出现，并且被用作主语，引导一个表语从句或者同位语从It is suggested by the doctor that I should give up smoking. 医生建议我戒烟。My suggestion is that we (should) set out tomorrow morning. 我建议我们明早动身。If+ 主语 + 动词过去式If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.句时The suggestio

4、n that the sports meeting (should)put off与将来 事If+ 主语 +were to+ 动主语实相反 的词原形should/would/could/might+假设If+ 主语 +should+ 动原形+ If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the 动 词 sports meeting.If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off2. 虚拟语气用于主语从句：在a pity, a shame, no wonder, strange, sorry, n

5、ecessary, natural,impossible, important 后面 that 引导的主语从句总要使用should+动词原形， should 可以被省词原形 (注意不能是would)the meeting till next Monday.略，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等含义。在 It is /was necessary, important 等形容词Itis necessary thatyou shouldattend the1. 错综时间条件句（混合条件句）主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这是主从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同。If you had as

6、ked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.1. 虚拟语气倒装形式（省略 if ）虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, had 可以将 if 省略再把上述这些词移到句首实行倒装。If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder.+that从句中，常见的这类形容词

7、有 :necessary, important, essential, vital, advisable, urgent, desirable, natural, strange, imperative 等在 It is a pity (a shame, no wonder)+that 从句中meeting. 你有必要参加会议。It is imperative that you arrive there in time.你必须按时到达那儿。It is a pity that you fail the exam.It is no wonder he be late for class.If yo

8、u had come earlier, you would catch the bus. Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.If it should rain , the crops would be saved. Should it rain , the crops would be saved.注： 在倒装时，不能有缩略形式：Werent it for the expense (*) Were it not for the expense2.介词短语代替条件状语从句常用词： with, but for, withoutWhat wo

9、uld you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars)We couldn t have finished the work ahead of timewithout your help . (=if we hadn t got your help)Without your help , we couldn t have finished the work ahead of time.But= for your help, = If it had not been for your help, = Had it no

10、t been for you help, 3. 含蓄条件句有在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if 引导的条件句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件句。如：I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. ( 副词 )He telephoned to inform me of your birthday,or I would have known nothing about it. (连词 )A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about se

11、ven days. ( 定语从句 )I might have given you more help,but I was too busy. ( 连词 )Everything taken into consideration , they would have raised their output quickly. ( 独立主格结构)二 虚拟语气在名词性从句1.虚拟语气用于宾语从句：在由 suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、 愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚

12、拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式， 从句的谓语形式均为 should+动词原形，其中 should 可以省去。（特别提醒： 不是用 would,而是用should。）: ask 要求 , advise, beg,常见的这类动词有Our teacher suggested that we (should) not leavesuggest 建议 , command 命令 , demand 要the classroom. 老师建议我们不要离开教室。3. 虚拟语气用于表语从句， 同位语从句， 从句中同样使用 should+动词原形， should 可以省略

13、。这些名词有 advice, demand, plan, eida, order, request, proposal, suggestion 等。We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Beijing for sightseeing.My idea is that we should do exercises first.三虚拟语气的其他用法（接第 8 页 33题）34.A few minutes earlier and we _ the train.A. have caughtB. had caughtC. could ha

14、ve caughtD. were to catch35.I _ you some money, but I hadn t any on me then.A. would lendB. would have lentC. could lendD. may have lent36.She made the demand that she _ at once.A. leaveB. leavesC. leftD. to be left37.The young man insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did, setB. had done, s

15、hould be setC. do, be setD. had done, must be set38._ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.A. CouldB. ShouldC. MightD. Must在 wish 后面的宾语从句中学习必备对现在的虚拟，从句的谓语动词用过I wish I were a little younger. 我希去时望我能够年轻一点。I wish I had been there. 我真希对过去的虚拟，从句的谓语动词用过望我当时在那里。去完成时 (had done)或“ would/could+I wish I had

16、 not attended that现在完成时”party. 我真希望我当时没参加那个聚会。对将来的虚拟，从句的谓语用I wish he could explain what he“ would/could+ 动词原形 ”means.欢迎下载虚拟语气精练习题学案Part One1.He ought to have handed in his homework early this mo rning. That s what he _.A. should be doingB. should doC. should have doneD. would2.Mr. White had never th

17、ought that their only son _ sell drugs and be sent to _ prison.A. should. /B. should .theC. would., theD. could /在 if only 感叹句中在 as if/as though 引导的从句中在 would rather 结构中在 It is (about, high) time+(that) 从句中表示 “但愿”，“要是就好了 ”用法和 wish 基本相同，只是比 wish 具有更强烈的感情色彩。表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑，谓语用 过去时表示与过去事实相反， 谓语用 过去

18、完成时有时也用 陈述语气 ，这时表示较大的真实性或可能性would rather do sth. 表示将来或现在的事件，“ 主语宁愿自己做某事”would rather have done sth. 表示过去的事件，“ 主语宁愿自己过去做了某事，但实际上没有做”would rather sb.did 表示的是将来或现在的事件， “主语宁愿 让另外一个人做某事”would rather sb. had done 表示过去的事件，“主语宁愿别人过去做了某事，但实际上没有做”从句中用 过去时， 表示早该做而未做的事，并含有建议的意味。If only the rain would stop. ( 对将

19、来的虚拟 )但愿雨能停。If only Iwere taller. ( 对现在 的虚拟 ) 我的个子要是能高一点就好了。IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice! (对过去 的虚拟 )要是我听从了你的建议就好了！I really don t like the way you are speaking to me. It seems as if you were my father. 我真的非常讨厌你和我说话的方式。你听起来就好像是我爸爸。He kept telling us what had happened as if he had been there himself. 他

20、不停地和我们讲发生的事情，好像他当时在场一样。It is becoming dark. It looks as if it s going to rain天.变黑了， 似乎就要下雨了。It seems as if he had been to America. 他好像去过美国。I would rather go there tomorrow.我想明天去那里。He would rather not stay at home tonight. 他今晚不想在家呆着。She would rather not have gone to the party. 她觉得真是不该去参加那个晚会。Don tcom

21、e tomorrow. I drather you came next weekend. 明天就别来了，我希望你下周末过来。I would rather you had returnedthe book yesterday. 我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。It is high time that we began to work. 咱们应该开始干活了。3.His order is that everyone _ their own work in time.A. completedB. must completeC. completesD. complete4.I wish you _ the

22、college entrance examination.A. passedB. had passedC. should passD. have passed5._ for your help, we might have lost our ways in the forest.A. Were it notB. Had it not beenC. Had it beenD. Were it6.She is in such deep sorrow at the sad news. You_ her about it so soon.A. mustn t havetoldB. shouldn t

23、have toldC. mustn t tellD. shouldn t tell7. What did your English teacher suggest to you? He suggested that I _ speaking English with my classmates from time to time.A. should have practicedB. practiseC. practicedD. would practise8. Did you see the basketball game last night? No, I _ to have seen it

24、, but I was busy then.A. had likedB. would likeC. likedD. like9. You re very selfish. It s high time you _ that ynotu the person for the jobA. do realize areB. realized areC. realize areD. realized were10.We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should

25、 have studiedD. would study11.The city government orders that a medical team _ to the front at once.A. was sentB. ought to sendC. be sentD. would be sent12.If you had seen him last time, you _ what to do now.A. would have knownB. should have knownC. would knowD. may know学习必备欢迎下载13. What should we do

26、 _ tomorrow?A. should it snowB. would it snowC. snowD. will snow14.Li Ping is waiting alone in the reading-room, you _ her yesterday about the matter.A. ought to tellB. must have toldC. ought to have toldD. should tell15.It is essential that ways and means to protect the environment _as soon as poss

27、ible.A. be adoptedB. have be adoptedC. will be adoptedD. will adopt16.Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been17.It is of the most importance that you _here on time.A. beB. would beC. must beD. are to be18. How about a trip to London? _the expens

28、e, I _go.A. If it were not shouldB. Were it not for wouldC. Weren t it if wouldD. If it hadn t been for could19._ your arrival, I d have met you at the railway station.A. If I knowB. Should I knowC. If I had knownD. If I know20.Our demand is that another experiment _.A. shall be madeB. will be madeC

29、. must be madeD. be made21.You _ me earlier if you did not like your house bought last month.A. would tellB. had toldC. toldD. would have told22.It is not likely that Jack is unfriendly, so he _ you when you called.A. should not have seenB. had not seenC. could not have seenD. did not seen23. But fo

30、r the doctors, the patients _A. did not recover wellB. had not well recoveredC. has not recovered so wellD. would not have recovered so well24. Had it been a meaningful meeting, I _ it at all.A.wouldn t have missedB. would have missedC. would have missedD. wouldn t miss25. When I took the dictionary

31、 back to Maria, she said coldly,“ You _ it earlier, for Iat any time.”A.should have returned might useB.should return might have usedC.could have returned might have usedD. might return might have used26. I _ to go to your help, but I had to _an important meeting.A.have planned have attendedB. had p

32、lanned attendC. planned have attended D. planned be attending27.He _ the 5:30 train because he didnve until5:35tlea.A. mustn t have caughtB. could not have caughtC. can t have caughtD. mustn t catch28.Father insisted that _ before nine in the evening.A. they should backB. they ought to be backC. the

33、y be backD. they had to be back29.He _ full marks, but he was so careless _ a spelling mistake.A.could gain to makeB.could have gained to makeC.should have gained and be madeD.could have gained as to make30. You shouldn havet asked the boy to run across the street to buy cigarettes, he _ by a passin

34、g car.A. maybe knocked downB. should have been knocked offC. might have been knocked downD. will have been knocked downPart Two1.If she had worked harder, she_.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded2.I wish I_ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see

35、3.If my lawyer_ here last Saturday, he_ me from going.A. had been, would have preventedB. had been. would preventC. were, would preventD. were, would have prevented4.Without electricity human life_ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be5. If he_, he_ that food. Luckilyit

36、he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned, would not takeB. had been warned, would not have taken C. would be warned, had not taken学习必备欢迎下载D. would have been warned, had not taken6. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps 1 _ for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC.

37、 should have written it outD. ought to write it out7. I didn t see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come8. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken9. Yo

38、u didn t let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _so tired.A. drove, didn t getB. drove, wouldn t getC. were driving, wouldn Dt. had driven, wouldn t have got10.If I had_, I d visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A. a long enough holidayB. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough l

39、ongD. a long holiday enough11.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been12._it rain tomorrow, we have to put off the visit to Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will13.Without the air to hold some of the sun s heat, the earth at night

40、 _, too cold for us to live.A. would be freezingB. will be freezingC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly14.If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie15. We could have gone there by bus. Yes, otherwise we _ late.A. weren

41、t B. hadn t beenC. couldn t beD. couldn t have been 16. The teacher demanded that the exam_ before eleven.A. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished17. I wouldn t have succeeded_ for his help then.A. hadn t it beenB. were it notC. had it been notD. had it not been18. If it _

42、for the snow, we _ the mountain yesterday. A. were not, could have climbedB. were not. could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. had not been, could climb19. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she_ something she would regret later.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. will come21.