英译汉教程7_接待翻译技巧

1、Chapter 7 RepetitionRepetition of the same word, expression or structure is more natural in Chinese than in English.“in Englishthe repetition, that is to say, is more or less abnormal” -FowlerGenerally speaking, what is repeated in Chinese may in many cases be substituted, varied or omitted in Engli

2、sh.1. Ours is no longer a nation subject to insult and humiliation.（substitution） 我们的民族再也不是一个被人侮辱的民族了。2. An electron tube is generally used for amplification, and vacuum tube is another name for this device.（variation）电子管通常用来放大，真空管则是电子管的另一名称。3. We should decide what to commend and praise, what not t

3、o, and what to oppose. (omission)我们必须决定什么是应当称颂的，什么是不应当称颂的，什么是应当反对的。Grammatical repetitionRepetition often results from differences in grammar or usage of the two languages. What is usually substituted or omitted may often be repeated in Chinese And this repetition can help to achieve clarity in mean

4、ing of the translation. Repetition of the modified1 . I v e r y m u c h a d m i r e y o u r determination to strengthen Chinas economy and to ensure that the fruits thereof are enjoyed by masses who uphold Chinas socialist construction. 我非常钦佩你们决心增强中国经济，并决心保证从事社会主义建设的人民群众能够享受经济发展的成果。Repetition of the

5、 modifierI identify myself as one of critical lovers and loving critics of the United States. 我自认为我既是一个批评联合国的爱护者，又是一个爱护联合国的批评者。We need materials which can bear high temperature and pressure. 我们需要耐高温和耐高压的材料。Repetition of the verbs common to several objects1. We have come here to express our gratitude

6、 and the friendship, complete solidarity that unite our two peoples. 我们来这里是为了表达我们的感激之情，也为了表达连结我们两国人民的团结和友谊。Repetition of the prepositions common to several objects1. The solid friendship between our two countries took shape during our protracted struggle against colonialism, hegemonism, and o u t m

7、o d e d r e l a t i o n s h i p s . 我们两国之间的牢固友谊是在我们反对殖民主义，反对霸权主义，和反对旧式关系的持久斗争中形成的。Repetition of the substituted or omitted verb One can not learn to produce a sound from an explanation only, or get a correct idea of a flavor from a description: a sound must be heard, a color seen, a flavor tasted, a

8、nd odor inhaled. 人不能只从讲解中学会发音， 也不能光靠描述中真正体会某种滋味：声音必须耳闻，颜色必须目见， 滋味必须口尝，气味必须吸入。Repetition of the noun in Chinese for the pronoun in EnglishWater evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than when it is slow.温度高，水蒸发得快；温度低，水蒸发得慢。Translation from English into Chinese is not as easy as that fr

9、om English into French. 英译汉不如英译法容易。Rhetorical reduplication and repetition In translating from English into Chinese, expressiveness can be heightened by reduplication or repetition of characters or words to achieve beauty in structure and in rhythm. (英译汉，重叠和重复的使用能增强译文表现力，达到“结构美、节奏美”)Examples1. The s

10、treet of New York were brilliant with moving men. 纽约的大街上人来人往，五光十色。2. Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him. 欢迎他的只有几下轻轻的、零零落落的、冷冷淡淡的掌声。3. There were no sounds but that of the booming wind upon the stretch of tawny herbage around them , the crackling wheels, the tread of the men, and the footsteps of the two shaggy ponies which drew the van. 那时候只听见车轮辚辚， 脚步沙沙，拉车的两匹鬃毛蓬