chapter 7英语语言学

1、Chapter 7 Language Culture SocietyWhat is the relation between language and culture ? Why ?Numbers of language:English ？ 汉字Malinowski ? Firth ? Boas ? Sapair ?context of situationSapir-Whorf HypothesesSapir-Whorf Hypotheses language may determine our thinking patterns similarity between languages is

2、 relativeHopi North AmericanHopi Is there fast word in Hopi language ? How do they express He runs fast ?Dani languagecase studies get your hands dirty have enough dumbellsread by yourself 7.1.3Watergatepolitical scandals Billygate Debategate Cattlegate-gate in China ?Why do we learn culture ?Langua

3、ge teaching and culture ? words (nephew= 侄子+外甥) idioms (Love me love my dog. You are a lucky dog.) sentences(Have you had lunch ? 你吃午饭了吗？ )Culture in language teaching classroon three objectives 7.1.57.2 Language and SocietyWhich country does each example relate to ? 武士道精神 孔子学院 日不落帝国Queen Elizabethp

4、astapandafast foodcoalawomen register hypotheses 7.2.2 6 pointsSociolinguisticsEnglish 现代英语时期，是以欧洲的文艺复兴为标志的。英国殖民主义迅速向外扩张，给英语带来了不少的外来语，如： caribou北美的驯鹿 jungle 丛林 kangaroo袋鼠十七世纪以后的英语词汇特点 skyline 原指地平线，后来由于城市高达建筑物的出现，它又被用来指高大建筑物的空中轮廓。 broadcast 原指播种，后来由于无线电的发明，它又指无线电广播 snark 此时期的文学作品爱丽丝梦游仙境中造的新词snake+sh

5、ark 指一个既像蛇又像鲨鱼一样的怪物1950-1980 当代英语 自然科学和社会科学的重大突破，人类的月球之行，生命科学，电子技术土匪猛进的发展给英语带来不少新词汇 moonflight 月球飞行 DNA software近30年英语词汇的变化 ecology 生态学 ecoactivitists生态活动家 environmentalists环境学家 Earth Day 环境保护日汉语词汇的发展楚汉相争 楚霸王虽强犹败鸦片 大炮 圆明园 红缨枪 倭寇 花姑娘 改革开放 世界之窗 亚洲四小龙拇指英雄 网络达人 擂人 无语 纠结 “亲们！ 我们家的宝贝可是低调奢华有内涵哦 看上去绝对的高端大气上

6、档次哦！”-“今年双11你怎么过啊？”-“一个人呗，这已经是我来到这个世界之后的第二十个光棍儿节了！”-“今年双11有什么打算啊？”-“海淘低至1折，打算抢一件拉菲！”One word experience different social stages:同志同志social dialectdefinition: social dialect refers to a dialect associated with a given demographic group. (such as women/men, older/younger, or members of different socia

7、l classes)taboodefinition: a linguistics taboo refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the polite society from general use. Obscene, profane, and swear words are all taboo words that are to be avoided entirely, or at least avoided in mixed company.7.3 cross-cutural communication7.3.2 ca

8、se studyWhats wrong with their Hello ?What s a successful cross-cutural communication ?A there some standards ?exercisedefine the following terms social dialect (武汉大学2004) official language (中山大学2000) taboo (大连外国语2002) the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (上海外国语，南开大学2000，浙江大学2003) cross-cutural communication

9、(浙江大学2002) People do not perceive the world freely but rather they do so through language, a filtering structure which will distort the reality and thus influence and control the thought. This is commonly referred to as ( ) Hypothesis. (中山大学2003) T/F Sociolinguistics are interested in tems of address because they offer some socio-cutural information abo