英语语法填空技巧与方法+70篇练习

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上广东高考英语语法填空技巧与方法真题剖析广东高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。1.考什么？(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。特别提醒：(1)在纯空格题中，两年都没有要求考生根据上下文填写名词、动词、形容词和副词。我们认为，其原因有二：一是根据语境推测出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词，是完形填空要考查的内容，若在语法填空中考查，是越权，是多管闲事；二是“语法填空”顾名思义是考语法，而根据语境填这四类词同

2、语法规则关系不大，与“语法填空”名不符实。不过，less, more, most等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的，因为这涉及到到语法比较等级。(2)我们认为，倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词(do, does, did)，以及情态动词、强调结构中的it, that等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查，名词的数和所有格也可能在用括号中所给词填空中进行考查，同学们千万不可忽视。2. 怎么考？ (1)短文来源：都来自网上。 (2)短文长度：170-200词。(3)短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。(4)短文题材：或体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。(5)考点设置：(1)纯空格题：设6-

3、7个小题。(2)用括号中所给词填空：设3-4个小题。(6)答案特点： 纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定死了“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词。两年高考题的答案印证了这一点。用括号中所给词填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的正确形式究竟由几个单词组成？两年高考题的答案填一个或两个单词。所填词(答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词。2007年高考所填词均长4.1个字母，其中，纯空格的答案只有2.4个字母；2008年所填词均长4.45个字母，其中纯空格的答案只有3.8个字母。两年都有所填词位于句首，此时第一个字母要注意大写。两年都没有要求考生填像depen

4、d on中的介词on这类固定短语中的单词。特别提醒：尽管两年高考中“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况。非谓语动词中，带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词。解题高招1. 通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。2. 结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整

5、性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：(1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：例1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second. (2007年茂名一模) 解析：

6、and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it。技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如：例2It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _33_rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考)解析：名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意

7、，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his。例3the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考)解析：因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定语；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定

8、是填介词。例4 who should have the honour of receiving me _33_ a guest in their house. (2007年广东高考)解析：因a guest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作”，用介词as。技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例5two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso _34_ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of doll

9、ars.解析：因与Pablo Picasso (毕加索)与Candido Portinari (坎迪多·波尔蒂纳里)这两个名词之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，应填and。 例6all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me _36_almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模)解析：因melted me和gave me两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，

10、故填and。技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。例7 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days _32_I was to return to Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模)解析：因I wanted to是一个句子，I was to return也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“参观这个城市的尽可能多的地方”应是在“返回广州”之前，故填before。例8 He wa

11、s very tired after doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy (2008年广东高考)解析：因He was very tired是一个句子，he felt very happy也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系，可知“干了一整天活累极了”与“感到非常高兴”是转折关系，故填but。技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。例9What is

12、acceptable in one country _31_be considered extremely rude in another. (2007珠三角五校联考)解析：句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。例10 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with

13、his wife, but he _ bring home a regular salary.解析：这是一个由but连接的并列句，由前一分句的谓语动词had是一般过去时可知，后一分句的谓语动词bring也应用一般过去时；可是，bring却用的是原形，既与语境的时态不附，也与主语he不一致，该句不是倒装句，因此，此处必定是填情态动词或表示强调的助动词did；由句意和作者的语气推测，应当填对谓语表示强调的助动词did(的确) 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由it isthat强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：例11 and _40_was only after I he

14、ard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG (味精)! (2007年广州一模)解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填it。(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。如：例12 _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.解析：由can you expect to可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词onl

15、y，因为“only +状语(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒装。(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：例13 as _32_took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists (2008年佛山二模)解析：由句式结构可知，这是it takes, sb. some time to do sth.句型，本句的不定式to steal paintings是真正的主语，空格处填形式主语it。例14Dating sites also make _36_easy

16、to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (2008年惠州二模)解析：由句式结构可知，to avoid是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。(4)so /suchthat句型。如：例15 This made the goat so jealous _34_it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey. (2007年惠州二模)解析：由句式结构可知，这是sothat句型，应填that。(5)morethan (与其说不如说，比更)句型。如：例16Cynthias story sho

17、ws vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _40_ how much he pays. (2007深圳宝安期末)解析：由句式结构可知，这是morethan句型，故填that。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心。(2) 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例17His fear of failure

18、_36_ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模)解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept。例18 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her Invitation, _40_ (close) my boo

19、k and walked away. (2008年广州一模)解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词declined，但由and walked可知，所填词与declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。例19 In Logan, three people _38_ (take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (2007梅州二模)解析：因主语three people与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由were treated可知，要用一般过去时，故填were taken。技

20、巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：例20 but it is not enough only _35_(memorize) rules from a grammar book. (2007年佛山一模)解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。例21 _ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel asham

21、ed, on the contrary解析：句中已有谓语wont make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：例22 _ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故

22、填To complete。例23 Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _33_ (succeed). (2008年佛山一模)解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed。(3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如：例24 He saw the stone, _37_ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” (2008年东莞

23、一模)解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。 例25 The headmaster went into the lab, _(follow) by the foreign guests.解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。(4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用ing形式，是被动关系用ed形式。如：例26 There will b

24、e a meeting, _40_ (start) later this year to review the film. (2008年广州二模) 解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。例27 Lessons _39_ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (广东考试说明)解析：因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。

25、(3)、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：例28 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。例29 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous

26、。例30 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣”，填interested。技巧11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：例31 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer t

27、o the Four Great Inventions.解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，Chinas ancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故填achievements。例32 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work. (2007年茂名二模)解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。例33

28、 instructors expect students to be familiar with _32_ (inform) in the reading (2008年三校联考)解析：因with是介词，在介词后作宾语，要用名词，故填information。技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：例34 the remains date from this period because of their _38_ (similar) to those found elsewhere. (2008年广州二模)解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故

29、填similarities。例35 With the large numbers of students, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：例36  As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that (2008年深圳一模)解析：修饰动词looked，作状语，用副词，故填closely。例37 There

30、 must be something _40_ (serious) wrong with our society. (2008潮州期末)解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriously。例38Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet _33_ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time (2008年惠州三模)解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故填mainly。技巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定

31、要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un, im等，在词根后加less等。如：例39 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use).解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。例40 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the

32、 office.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessary。技巧15：括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：例41there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _34_ (attract) (2008年广州一模)解析：尽管attract是动词，但这是考查词类转换的；在句中作介词about的宾语，用名词，故填attraction。例42The other frog wen

33、t on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _36_ (hard) and finally made himself out. (2008年期末)解析：联系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知这里用比较级，故填harder。例43Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16

34、people, several critically, authorities said.The _33_ (bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said. (2007梅州二模)解析：结合前段内容，特别是the的提示，可知要用bad的最高级worst，表示“最严重的”。3. 重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。In schoo

35、ls. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents. Nowadays, school violence is 31 hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, 32 calls for our great concern. We shou

36、ld try every effort 33 (prevent) violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school 34 their personal safety could not 35 (guarantee). In fact, violence can 36 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 37 they see on television or on the Internet. If

37、I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence 38 violence, for it will result in 39 (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. All in all, every student should behave 40 (he) and keep

38、 away from violence.答案： 文章向我们介绍了作者对校园暴力的看法。31a 这里需要一个不定冠词表示某个的意思。32这里要用which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，因为先行词为物，所以要用which。33to prevent 不定式作目的状语。34ifas long as 人身安全得不到保障是辍学的条件，所以应该用引导连接条件状语从句的连词。35be guaranteed 所给动词和其逻辑主语是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。36be learned 事实上；暴力是可以学的。37what 引导一个宾语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，所以要用what。38with 表示方式，意思是“用”。

39、39more 由语境可知，以暴力对付暴力，只能产生更多的暴力。40himself behave oneself表现良好，行为良好。In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced 31 the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark (树皮). The groove 32 (deep) over the yea

40、rs. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree. 33 some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link 34 (hang down). Then one year, agricultural catastrophe struck Michigan in 35 form of Dutch elm disease. All of the elms lining

41、the road leading to the farm became infected 36 died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next. The farm owners considered 37 (go) the safe thing: pulling it out and chopping it up into firewood before it died. 38 (amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 39 it was the only

42、 elm still standing in the county. It' s said that 40 doesn' t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as a plant pathologists (病理学家 ) put it , "Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places."答案： 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过叙述一棵老榆树大难不死的故事告诉我们这样一个道理：经历疼痛才能变得坚强，才

43、能抵挡住更大的困难甚至是灾难。31around 下文告诉我们，树皮被铁链磨出了一个槽。由此可以看出，这是由牛绕着树来回踱步造成的。32was deepened 随着岁月的流逝，磨出来的槽逐渐被加深了。所以要用被动，另外，由于动作发生在过去，所以动词要用过去式。33After after+时间段，表示经过一段时间之后。34hanging down hang down和其逻辑主语one link是主谓关系，所以用现在分词表示主动，构成leave+宾语+现在分词。35the in the form of固定用法，意思是：以的形式。36and 榆树受到感染，继而死去。37going consider后

44、跟动名词作宾语。38 Amazingly 副词作状语，修饰整个句子。39why 谁都不理解为什么只有这棵榆树依然耸立在那里。40what 引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用what。I was going to the store one cold evening and as I was approaching the store there 31 a man in the front of the store. He looked at me and said really loud "Hi." I replied, "Hi, how are you?

45、" He said "I am fine." and then he looked at me as if he recognized me and asked, " 32 is your mother?" Of course, I didn't know what to say to that question 33 my mother had been 34 (die) for several years. I found this really strange so I finally said, "She is fin

46、e, thank you and how are you?" He also said he was fine. I then answered, "Good. Can I do 35 to help you at all?" All he said 36 I really could use a hug. I 37 (hug) him for a while this poor soul and a stranger. I said, "Where are you staying? Do you 38 a ride?" He said, &q

47、uot;No, I have my bike. I am living at the Church down the street." I answered, "Let me give you something. It's not much, but that is all I 39 afford." So I took out $10 from my purse and gave it to him then went home. To tell you the truth, I always feel helping others 40 really

48、 great.答案：31Was此处是there be句型，时态为过去式，另外句子主语为单数形式。32How根据下文的内容，这里是问“你妈妈好吗?”。33because从此处的逻辑关系和意义看，从句部分表示原因。34dead此处用die的形容词形式，用作表语。35anything该词用在疑问和否定句中，意为“我能帮你做点什么吗?”。36was句子主语all he said为单数。37hugged这里的时态为过去时形式。38need该句的意思为“你需要坐车吗?”。39canafford常和情态动词连用。40is主语是helping others，分词作主语按单数处理，这里的时态为一般现在时No o

49、ne knows what would happen in the future for sure. 31 we often think of the future and wonder what the world would be like 32 a hundred years' time. Think of space. Perhaps 33 permanent station on the moon will have been set up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon 34 tourists. Cheap ro

50、ckets for space travel will have been developed, 35 (permit) long journeys throughout the solar system. 36 that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space 37 visiting other planets, such as the Mars Colony and the Venus Exploration Outpost. Scientists of the future will almost certainly fin

51、d other ways to make life last 38 (long). 39 probably will find cures for most diseases. Hospitals will probably have "body banks" that can give you almost any new part you need to keep on 40 (live). People of the future may live to be a lot older than 100 years.答案：31But本句与上一句是转折关系，故用转折连词b

52、ut。32in 表示将来多长时间之后时用“介词in+一段时间名词”结构。33a station是可数名词且表示泛指，前面应有不定冠词a。34as as表示“作为”，符合题意。35permitting cheap rockets与permit之间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语作状语表示伴随情况。36When 此处表示将来的时间，应用when引导时间状语从句。37and 因两个动作表示并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。38longer由意义可知，此处表示找到延长人类寿命的方式，故long应用比较级形式。39They they用来指代上句中主语scientists。40living keep on d

53、oing sth意为“继续”，故此处应用live的现在分词形式。Although most people believe that formal schooling is required for scientific success, a college degree is not always necessary. 31 excellent example of a man who won fame as a scientist 32 academic(学术的) training is Vincent J. Schaefer. His formal education ended 33 t

54、wo years of high school when he had to go to work in an untrained job at General Electric. Because 34 his inventive mind and his skill as a model maker, he was soon allowed to try his own experiments in the company laboratory. His natural 35 (curious) made him wonder about clouds. He developed, afte

55、r many tries, a method of making clouds rain 36 they would not normally do so. This method, 37 (call) seeding, has been very 38 (help) to farmers, and 39 made him win much fame. Schaefer believes that for people 40 most of all, are interested in the world and everything in it, a college degree is un

56、necessary.答案：31An 因excellent以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。32withoutwithout和名词连用表示某种状况，意为“没有”。33after 表示过去的一段时间之后应和介词after连用。34of because of是复合介词，意为“因为”，后接名词或代词。35curiosity 此处须用名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity。36when 此处表示时间，应用when引导时间状语从句。37called this method与call存在被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。38helpful very后应接help的形容词helpful“有益的”。39it it此处指前一分句的整个情况。40who who用来引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是people。 I remember