职称英语真题-理工类A级2004年

1、2004 年职称英语考试理工类 (A 级)第 l 部分：词汇选项(第 1 15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分) 1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth A take outB break offC push inD dig up 2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in SeptemberA playB showC sendD tell 3 This table is strong and durable A long-lastingB extensiveC fa

2、r-reachingD eternal 4 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA firedB resignedC diedD retreated5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirrorA smilingB laughingC shoutingD staring6 The index is the government ?s chief gauge of future economic activity A measureB opinionC methodD decision7 It

3、?s sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first A workableB reasonableC possibleD available 8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated waterA boiledB pollutedC mixedD sweetened 9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your positionA maintainB betterC acquireD su

4、pport10 She stood there， trembling with fear A jumpingB cryingC movingD shaking 11 Medical facilities are being upgraded A expandedB repairedC improvedD transferred 12 Rock climbing is hazardousA interestingB dangerousC attractiveD useful 13 John is eligible for this job A acceptedB recommendedC rej

5、ectedD recommended14 In order to improve our standard of living， we have to accelerate production A involveB decreaseC speed upD give up15 Mary looked pale and weary A worriedB uglyC sillyD exhausted第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 1622 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分)Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes(龙 卷 风 )andheavy thunderst

6、ormsmovedacross the GreatLakesand into Trumbull County on Saturday evening The storms were dramatic and dangerous George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel(漏斗状的 )cloud was behind him “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud It was about 100 f

7、eet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared” Snyder saidSnyderonlysaw one ofthe funnelcloudsthatpassed throughnortheastern0hioonSaturdayIn Trumbull County ，a tornado turned trees onto their sides Some trees fell onto h

8、ouses and carsOther trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went downAmanda Sym check was having a party when the stormbegan“ I knew somethingwas wrong, ”he said“ I saw the sky go green and pink( 粉红色 )Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house I started crying and told ever

9、yone to go to the basement for protection ”The tornado caused a 10t of damage to cars and houses in the area It will take a long time and muchmoneytorepaireverything Therewasalsoserious waterdamage fromthe thunderstorms The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes The storm

10、s caused serious flooding in areas near the river More than four inches of rain fellin parts of Trumbull County The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water This made it difficult for fire trucks ，police C

11、ars， and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety Some people reported five feet of water in their homes Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated( 撤走) The Re

12、d Cross served meals to them“ This was a really intense storm ，”said Snyder “ People were afraidMother Nature can be fierce We were lucky this time No one was killed ”16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening A. RightB. Wrong C. Not mention 17 George Snyder was a firefighter A.

13、RightB. Wrong C. Not mention18 Amanda Sym check was having a party in the basement when the storm began.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mention19 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm A. RightB. WrongC. Not mention20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years

14、 A. RightB. WrongC. Not mention21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people A. RightB. WrongC. Not mention 22 Several people were missing during the storm A. RightB. WrongC. Not mention第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23 30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)Earth Angels1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that

15、 cigarette butts(烟 头 )were littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms ，South Carolina When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate ，she decided to take actionJoying launched a“ No Butts on the Beach”campaign She raised money and awareness about the need

16、 to keep the beaches dean With the help of othersJoying also bought or received donations of gallon-size plasticicecream buckets The buckets were filled with sand 。and placed at a11 public-access areas of the beach The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the beach Tw

17、o years later。Joying says the buckets are fun and the beach is nearly free of cigarette debris( 残片 ).2 People who 1ive in or visit Steamboat Springs ，Coloradohave Carter Dunham to thank for a new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife.Carter and other

18、 students wrote a management plan for the area around the Y ampa River.The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High Schoo1.Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife Carter and his classmates mapped the area andspecies of animals living there They als

19、o made decisions about among other things.Where fences and parking areas should be built 3 Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil It started as a project for their 4H Club after one of the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria.TexasThey did some research

20、 and discoveredthat oil can contaminate ground water-areal danger in rural areas where people live off the water on their 1and The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issueNow the“ Don ?t Be Crude”program runs oilcollection sites-tanks that hold

21、up to 460 gallons-where people in the community can disposeof their oil 4 Five years ago11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream： for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water His dream began in the first grade when he 1earned that people were dyingbecause they didn ?t

22、have clean water ，and that as 1ittle as $70 could build a well “ We really take water for granted ，” says Ryan， of Kemptville ， Ontario ， in Canada”In other countries you have to plan for it. ”Ryan earned the first$70 by doing extra chores( 零工)，but with the help of others ， he has since raised hundr

23、eds of thousands of dollars.His efforts led to the start of the Ryan ?s Well Foundation ，which raises money for clean water andhealth related services for people in African countries and developing countries23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph 4A Provide Clean Water B Dig 0il Wells

24、C Save Clean Water D Don?t LitterE Don?t Be CrudeF Protect Wildlife27 Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to 28 People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to 29 Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to30 Ryan， with the help of others ， is fulfilling his dream of

25、help African people to A.make new materialsB.preserve wetland and animalsC.have clean airD.have clean water E.collect cigarette butteF.collect despoiled oil第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 31 45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)第一篇 Technology Transfer in GermanyWhen it comes to translating bas ic research into industrial success few n

26、ations can match GermanySince the 1 940sthe nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science And though German prosperity( 繁荣 )has faltered(衰退 1over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifyingeast and west as well as the global economi

27、c decline， it still has an enviable( 令人羡慕的 )record for turning ideas into profitMuch of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society ，a network of research institutesthat exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought after technologies But today the Fraunhofer institutes have

28、 competition Universities are taking an ever larger role in technologytransfer，and technology parks are springing up all over These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companiesSuch a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success but it is

29、 not without its critics These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science， eventually starving industry of flesh ideasIf every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业 家 ) ， theargumentgoes ， thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearch being curiosi

30、ty driven，flee and widely available will SufferOthers claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years mile this debate continues new ideas flowat a steady rate from G

31、ermany?s research networks ，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz ， Max Planck and Leibniz Yet it is the fourth network ， the Fraunhofer Society ， that plays the greatest role in technology transfer Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe ?s largest organisation for applied technolo

32、gy, and has 59 institutes employing 1 2 ，000 people It continues to grow Last year, it Swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?A Technology transfer B Go

33、od management C Hard work D Fierce competition32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?AIt is free BIt is profit driven CIt is widely availableDIt is curiosity driven33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in AAsiaBUSACEuropeDAfric

34、a 34 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?AIn 1940.BLast year CAfter the unification DIn 1949.35 The word “ expertise?in? line 3 could be best replaced byA“ experts”B“ scientists”C“scholars”D“ special knowledge”第二篇Superconductor Ceramic ( 陶瓷)An underground revolution begins this winterwith the fl

35、ip( 轻击 )of a switch ，30,000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricity transmitted by icecold high performance cablesOther American cities are expected to follow Detroit?s example in the years ahead which could conserve enormous amounts of power The

36、 new electrical cables at the Frisbie power stationin Detroit are revolutionarybecause they are made of superconductors A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity with little or no resistance Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current Allcommon electrical c

37、onductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance They convert at least some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat Superconductors don?t · No one understands how superconductivity works It just does Makingsuperconductors isn?t easy A superconductormaterial has tob

38、e cooledtoan extremely low temperature to 10se its resistance The first superconductors ， made more than 50years ago，had to be cooled to一 263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance Newer superconducting materials 10se their resistance at 一 143 degrees CelsiusThe superconductors cable inst

39、alled at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copper oxygen bismuth( 铋) 。strontium( 锶)and calcium( 钙) A ceramic is a hard strong compound made from clay or mineralsThe superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube fill

40、ed with liquid nitrogenLiquid nitrogen issupercold and lowers the temperature of the ceramic tape to the point where it conveys electricity with zero resistance The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance Because cooled superconductors have no resistancethey was

41、te much less power 0ther cities are watching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable and conserve power too36 What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph?A With a flip of swish electricity can be transmitted B Other American citie

42、s can benefit from the high· performance cables C Great amounts of power can be conserved D Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables 37 Compared to common electrical conductors ，superconductorsA have little or no electrical resistance B Can be used for alo

43、ng time C are not energy-efficient D can be made easily38 At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance?A-143 degree CelsiusB 一 263 degree Celsius C As long as it is ice-cold DAbsolute zero39 What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature?A CopperB Liquid n

44、itrogen C ClayDCalcium 40 According to the last paragraph ，which of the following statements is NOT true?A Other cities hope they Can also conserve power B Other cities hope they Can use superconducting cables soon C Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistance D The Fribie exper

45、iment is not successful 第三篇The Science of the FutureUntil recently ， the“ science of the future ”was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination Of those two sciences

46、with organic chemistry and genetic engineeringThis combination is the science of biotechnologyOrganic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的 ) materials. However,it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also tO absorb moisture

47、Nothing that wehave been able to produce so far comesanywhere near the combination of strength 1ightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insectsNeverthelessscientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in“ growing ”a material thathas many of the characteristics of human

48、skin The next step may well be“biotech hearts and eyes” which canreplace diseased organs in human beings These willnot be rejected by thebody,as is the case with organs from humans The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising. In 1996 the famous sciencefiction writ

49、er ，Arthur C Clarke，many of whose previous predictions have come true 。 said that we may soon be able to develop remarkablycheap and renewable sources of energy Some ofthese power sources willbe biological.Clarkeand others have warnedusrepeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our depe

50、ndence on non-renewable power sources Coal， oil and gas are indeed convenientHowever ， using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy withoutincreasingthat pollutionto catastrophic( 灾难性的 )levels unless wedevelop power s

51、ources that are both cheaper and cleanerIt is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other“ science of the future can s”olveour problems Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless ，cheap and safe energyTod

52、ay those promises 1ie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl ， in the Ukraine Biotechnology is unlikely however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way 41 According to the passage，the science of the future is likely to be A electronics B biotechnology C genet

53、ic engineeringD nuclear technology 42 Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that areA as good as w001.B as good as an insect?s body C not as good as natural materials D better than natural materials 43 According to the passage， it may soon be possible A to make something as good as human skin

54、B to produce drugs without side effects C to transplant human organsD to make artificial hearts and eyes 44 In 1996. Arthur C Clarke predicted thatA biological power sources would be put into use soonB oil ， gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future C dependence on non renewable power sour

55、ces would be reduced soon D the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?A Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problemsB Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power C Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power DBiological pow

56、er will keep all its promises.第 5 部分：补全短文(第 46 50 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分)Why Would They Falsely Confess?Why on earth wouldan innocent person falsely confess to committinga crime?To most people， it just doesn ?t seem logical But it is logical ， say experts。if you understand what call happen in a police inte

57、rrogation( 审讯 )room Under the right conditions ， people?s minds are susceptible( 易受影响的 )to influence ，and the pressure put on suspects during policequestioning is enormous(46) “ The pressure isimportant to understand ，because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn ?t do The answer is：to p