工程建筑常见英语词汇

1、建筑学常见英语词汇汇总2015.10A. design basis设计依据计戈 U建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范 standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of designB. stage of design设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图sketch会谈

2、纪要 summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing, construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingC. climate condition 气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean)

3、 wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度 rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall采暖地区 region with heating provision不采暖地区 region without heating provisionD. general room name 常用房间名称办公室office服务用房 service room换班室shift room休

4、息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅10bby诊室 clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室 switch room走廊 corridor档案室archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式)conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间 h.v.a.c room饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining roo

5、m厨房 kitchen入 口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室 switch gear前室 antecabinet (ante.)生产区 production area马达控制中心 mcc多功能用房utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披 屋(阁楼)penthouse 警卫室 guard houseE. roofing and cei

6、ling 屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐 口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(r.w.p)汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drain

7、age外排水 exterior drainage滴水drip屋面8E水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling楝条purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board 防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孑L manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒)corniceF. wall (cladding)墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙 b

8、rick wall without plastering抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 external (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 cop

9、ing圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断 glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course (d.p.c)遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket/烟囱 brick chimney 勒脚(基座)pl

10、inthG. floor and trench 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素士夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor机器磨平混凝土地

11、面 machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面 tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor车忖筋混凝土楼板rei

12、nforced concrete slab (r.cslab) 乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做 1 %坡 floor with 1% slope集水沟gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand 电缆沟 cable trenchH. doors,glass,windows&ironmongery(hardware) 门、玻壬离、窗及五金件木(钢

13、)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door 夹板门 plywood door铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门 fire door(大门上的

14、)小门wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞 structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木stile门槿侧料side jumb槽 口 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind, louver

15、 (louver shutter, blind)塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concre

16、te lintel钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(钱链)hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚钱链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销bolt门锁 door lock拉手 pull链条chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 ins

17、ert bolt电动开关器 electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃 organic glassI. staircase, landing & lift (eleva

18、tor) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板 riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏卞f railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孑 L 栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手 hand

19、rail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform装卸平台 platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passenger lift货梯 goods lift客 /货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自动扶梯 escalator观光电梯 observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电

20、梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftJ. building material words and phrases建筑材料词汇及短语bricks and tiles 砖和瓦红砖 red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick空心醇 hollow brick面/ facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸/ clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos

21、 tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cementsheetlime, sand and stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石 marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩 pearlite水磨石 terrazzo卵石cobble砾石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand细砂 fine sandcement, mortar and concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)portl

22、and cement硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆)cement-lime mortar保温砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar2氏筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut

23、lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete名田石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concretefacing and plastering materials 饰面及粉品I材牲水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛车艮 casein大白浆whit

24、e wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分 格抹水 泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰 lath and plasterasphalt(bitumen) and asbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥 asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼月旨 asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 a

25、sbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fibertimber 木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩 shrinkage翘曲 warping原木log圆木 round timber方木 square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松 red pine白松 white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce柏木 cypress 白杨 white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栋木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木 cedar柚木teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservat

26、ive-treated lumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子 bamboometallic materials金属材料黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢 steelbbar方钢 square steel扁钢 steel strap,flat steel型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢 equal-leg

27、 angle不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle工字钢 i-beam宽翼缘工字车Wwide flange i-beam丁(之)字钢 t-bar (z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steelshape热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金车W alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy不锈车W stainless steel竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar变形钢筋 deformed bar光圆钢筋 plain round bar车忖板 s

28、teel plate薄车W板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌车 W 管 galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded me

29、tal镒车W managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steelnon-ferrous metal有色金属金 gold白金 platinum铜 copper黄铜brass青铜 bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 leadanti-corrosion materials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯 pvc (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl este

30、r橡胶内衬 rubber lining氯丁橡胶 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树月旨漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树月旨砂浆 resin-bonded mortar环氧树月旨 epoxy resinbuilding hardware建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面车丁 spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板车丁annul

31、ar-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片 washerpaint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish冷艮粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂 thi

32、nner焦油tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子puttyk. other architectural terms其它建筑术语discipline 专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图 plot plan采暖通风 h.v.a.c (heating 、ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应 electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting电

33、讯 telecommunication仪表 instrument热力供应heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道pipingconventional terms般i甬用名词建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style 民用建筑 civil architecture 城市建筑 urban architecture 农村建筑 rural architecture 农业建筑 farm building 工业建筑 industrial building 重工业的 heavy indu

34、strial 轻工业的 light industrial 古代建筑 ancient architecture 现代建筑 modern architecture 标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑 auxiliary buildings 城市规划 city planning 厂区内 within site 厂区外offsite 封闭式 closed type 开敞式 open type 半开敞式 semi-open type 模数制 modular system 单位造价 unit cost 概算 preliminary estimate 承包商 constructo

35、r, contractor 现场site 扩建 extension 改建 reconstruction 防火 fire-prevention 防震 aseismatic, quake-proof 防腐 anti-corrosion 防潮 dump-proof 防水 water-proof 防尘 dust-proof 防锈 rust-proof 车流量 traffic volume 货流量 freight traffic volume 人流量 pedestrian volume 透视图 perspective drawing 建筑模型 building model architectural p

36、hysics 建筑物理 照明 illumination 照度 degree of illumination 亮度 brightness 日照 sunshine 天然采光 natural lighting 光强 light intensity侧光 side light顶光 top light眩光glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection传导 conduction遮阳 sun-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温 constant temperature恒湿 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸

37、音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofname of professional role职务名称项目经理 project manager (pm)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer工艺工程师 process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计戈 U 工程 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engine

38、er实习生 intern专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 techniciandrafting 制图总说明 general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted 图纸目录 list of drawings平面图plan局夸B 放大图 part plan/detail with enlarged scale. 平面示意图schematic plan of.平剖面图 sectional plan of.留孔平面图

39、plan of provision of holes剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail no.首页 front page图纸目 录及说明 list of contents and description图例legend示意图 diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing.布置图 layout of .地形图 topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表 working schedule技术经济指标 tec