2019中考英语二轮复习完形填空讲解和精选

1、完形填空讲解和精选专题十七完形填空NoOneWordsButMyOwn教学目标1 .掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2 .掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3 .通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备，以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中可以删去词

2、义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优一良一差）】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况interviewv./n.1)面试 2)采访ajobinterviewinterviewingmyfriends相关词：interviewer;interviewee 等coverv.1）覆盖2）设计3）报道Snowcoveredtheground.coveringmiddleschooleventseventn.1）事件 2）比赛项目名师点拨/jtalentn.大赋；大才atalentedpoet相关词：talentedgiftn.1）礼物 2）天赋Hehadagiftforlanguage.

3、相关词：giftedrewritev.重写前缀 re-表示“冉；又e.g.rebuild;recycle;reconnect 等piecen.1）一块;一首2）（新闻的）文早apieceofmusicapieceabouttheInternetpapern.1）纸 2）报纸 3）试卷Ireadaboutitinthepaper.thegeographypaperexpectv.1）预料 2）期望Iexpectyoutowrite相关词：expectationpainfuladj.痛苦的；艰难的apainfulexperience后缀-ful 表小充满的”“有倾向的e.g.thankful;he

4、lpful;hopeful;forgetful 等successfuladj.成功的相关词：success;succeed;successfullyexpressv.表达adj.快递的EMS=ExpressMailService相关词:expressionexperiencen.经历；经验v.经历；体验Ididnthavemyfathersabilityandexperienceasawriter.improvev.提高；改善IneedtoimprovemyEnglish.相关词：improvementallowv.允许becauseIallowedhimtodoit.realizev.意识到

5、；实现sharev.1）共后 2）分享n.份额;一份Elisharedhischocolatewiththeotherkids.confidentadj.自信的相关词：confidencedisappointmentn.失望；遗憾相关话disappdisappoint;minted 等reachv.1）抵达 2）达到3）伸手 4）够得着n.影晌范围reachaconclusionIcantreachthatfar.beyondthereachofraisev.1）举起2）提高3）筹集 4）提也5）抚养;饲养；种植raiseyourhand;raisethepriceraisemoney;rai

6、semanyquestions相关词：risebrightAdj.1）明亮的 2）艳丽的（颜色）3）聪明的 4）有希望的；光明的Thebrightestpupilintheclasshasabrightfuture.befullof充满相关词：befilledwithturnin上交相关词：handininsteadof代替；而不是Iturnedinhisversioninsteadofmine.asaresult结果是asaresult,herewrotethewholepiece相关词:asaresultoftakeonesplace取代某人anotherstudenttookmyplac

7、e相关词：taketheplaceofsb.;takeplacedependon依靠；取决于Ittaughtmetodependonmyself二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备，以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。1. ItwassomuchbetterthanmypiecethatIturnedinhisversioninsteadofmine.结构分析：本句含有sothat”结构，表示“如此以至于”句子翻译：这篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。仿句练习：他太聪明了以致他可以理解我讲了什么。Hewassocleverthathecanunde

8、rstandwhatIsaid.2. Basedonthatexcellentarticleyouwroteaboutsummer,Iexpectyoutowriteapersonalopinionarticleeveryweekforthesecondpageofthepaper.结构分析：本句含有“based”过去分词做状语的结构，和youwroteaboutsummer”省略引导词 that 的定语从句。句子翻译：根据你写的关于夏天的优秀文章，我希望你每星期为校报的第二版写一篇个人观点文章。仿句练习：根据他们的调查研究，专家建议农民种植多种农作物。Basedontheirresearch

9、,theexpertssuggestthatfarmersplantavarietyofcrops.3. Lookingback,Irealizedthatthepainandshameofthatschoolexperiencehada40_side.结构分析：本句含有Lookingback现在分词做状语的结构，和 that 引导的宾语从句。句子翻译：回首过去，我意识到学校经历的痛苦和耻辱有的一面。仿句练习：回顾过去，他心中充满了幸福和骄傲。回头一想，我发现这一切竟是如此简单。Lookingbackheishappyandproud.Lookingback,Ifindhoweasilyitw

10、as.4. Soeveryday,Itrytousemyownwords,findmyownstyleandbemyownbestself.结构分析：本句是含有三个并列谓语（try;find;be）的简单句。句子翻译：因此每一天，我试着用我自己的话，找到自己的风格，做最好的自己。方法篇“方法得当，事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤A步通读全文，把握脉络跳过空格，

11、速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如 but 出现后就说明句子强调的重点是 but后面的内容；再如代词 it 指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键， 可可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索联系上卜文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某词汇以原词、词形变化（如 protect 和 protection）、同

12、义词/近义词（如 road 和 trail）、反义词（如 wrong 和 correct）、上下义词（上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如 adult是 myfather 的上义词；coat 是 clothes 的下义词）等重复出一现在语篇之中。例题例 1:Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers.Becauseofhis,heisquitepopularwiththepeoplearoundhim.A.abilityB.honestyC.relationshipD.kindness【分析：通过上文“Heisverykindandf

13、riendlytoothers，由kind可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选 a】例 2：Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime.Inotherwords,heismoreandmore.A.forgetfulB.unforgettableC.easy-goingD.hard-working【分析：通过上文“Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime,由“forget”可知他越来越健忘。故选 A（forgetful健忘的，unforgettable难忘的。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法

14、”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解,进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例：Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_17_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.17.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【分析：通过上文 ea

15、chclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS和卜义Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.”可知美国每节课是 50 分钟，中国每节课是40 分钟，根据上卜文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选 B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如 and 歹 U,but 和 however 表转折，so 表因果，firstofall、then和 finally 表顺序等）。例题例 1：Myyoungestcou

16、sinlikesChineseBeijingOperaverymuch,buthecantsing6.6.A.badlyB.easilyC.wellD.excitedly【分析：通过上文“MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOpera”和连词“叫 f,可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选 C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、 史地知识、 生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交

17、织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：Therearemanykindsofanimalsintheworld.Elephantsarethe1animalsthatliveonland.Onlysomekindsofwhales（鲸鱼）arebiggerthanelephants,buttheyliveinthe2.1.A.biggestB.smallestC.smallerD.bigger2.A.riverB.lakeC.seaD.forest【分析：第 1 题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故

18、选 A.biggest。第 2 题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选 C.sea。方法方法五：固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题例 1:Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention13whatheorsheisspeaking13.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【分析：

19、考查固TE短语 payattentionto 注意,故选 D=例 2：-butwewererelaxedwhenwewerelyingonthebeach.We10somephotosthere.10.A.gotB.broughtC.boughtD.took【分析：考查固定短语“takephotos 拍照，故选 D=语篇精讲障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（东城一模）NoOneWordsButMyOwnTheclassroomwasfullofthoseofuswhowantedtoworkontheschooln

20、ewspaper.Ididntwritealotbutworkingonthepapersoundedlikefun.I_31_theideaofbeingareporter,interviewingmyfriends,andcoveringmiddleschoolevents.Tobechosen,wehadtoturninanexampleofour_32_.Iwroteanarticleaboutthejoysofsummer,andshowedittomyfather,atalentedpoet.Hereaditandfrowned（皱眉）.Itsokay.myfathersaid,t

21、akingoutapencil“Buthowaboutchangingthissentenceto.”Andasaresult,herewrotethewholepiecewithoutme,forIneversaidanythingto_33him.Nosurprisehisversion（版本）was34.Hehadagiftforlanguage.ItwassomuchbetterthanmypiecethatIturnedinhisversioninsteadofmine.aWelcometotheDundeeSchoolNews,“myteachersaidtome.Butbefor

22、eIcouldbe35_aboutthenews,headded,“Basedonthatexcellentarticleyouwroteaboutsummer,Iexpectyoutowriteapersonalopinionarticleeveryweekforthesecondpageofthepaper.Iwassosurprised!Iwasunabletowriteatthatlevel,butIcouldnttellthe36totheteacher,andIcouldntaskmyfatherforhelp,either.Thattermworkingonthepaperwas

23、reallypainful.Andmyteacherclearlyexpressedhis_37_.Cantyouwritesomethingmorelikethefirstpieceyouwrote?eachtimeIturnedinmyarticle.Icouldnt,becauseatthatage,Ididnthavemyfathersabilityandexperienceasawriter.Weekafterweek,Itriedhard,butmywritingnever38thelevelofthefirstarticle.Atlast,tomytotalshame,anoth

24、erstudenttookmyplace.I39thatmyfatherrewrotemyfirstarticlehimself,insteadofsimplytryingtohelpmetoimproveit.ButinmyheartIknewitwasmyfault（错误）becauseIallowedhimtodoit.Later,Ididbecomeasuccessfulwriteronmyown.Lookingback,Irealizedthatthepainandshameofthatschoolexperiencehada40_side.Ittaughtmetodependonm

25、yselfandbemyself.Soeveryday,Itrytousemyownwords,findmyownstyleandbemyownbestself.Itfeelsgreat.（只给出关键词即可）参考答案：Whenhewasatschool,thewriterwantedtoworkontheschoolnewspaper.Heneededtoturninanarticlebutheturnedtheversionwrittenbyhisfather.Thoughhegotthechance,hisrealwritinglevelmadetheteacherdisappointed

26、.Atlastanotherstudenttookhisplace.Thewriterrealizedthatheneededtodependonhimselftobesuccessful.参考关键词：writing;myfather;rewrite;onmyown【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁；词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人物故事类记叙文41812-15 分钟_/10（东城一模）NoOneWordsButMyOwnTheclassroomwasfullofthoseofuswhowantedtoworkontheschoolnewspaper.Ididntw

27、ritealotbutworkingonthepapersoundedlikefun.I_31_theideaofbeingareporter,interviewingmyfriends,andcoveringmihesaid,ddleschoolevents.Tobechosen,wehadtoturninanexampleofour_32_.Iwroteanarticleaboutthejoysofsummer,andshowedittomyfather,atalentedpoet.Hereaditandfrowned（皱眉）.Itsokay.myfathersaid,takingouta

28、pencil“Buthowaboutchangingthissentenceto.”Andasaresult,herewrotethewholepiecewithoutme,forIneversaidanythingto_33him.Nosurprisehisversion（版本）was34.Hehadagiftforlanguage.ItwassomuchbetterthanmypiecethatIturnedinhisversioninsteadofmine.aWelcometotheDundeeSchoolNews,“myteachersaidtome.ButbeforeIcouldbe

29、35_aboutthenews,headded,“Basedonthatexcellentarticleyouwroteaboutsummer,Iexpectyoutowriteapersonalopinionarticleeveryweekforthesecondpageofthepaper.Iwassosurprised!Iwasunabletowriteatthatlevel,butIcouldnttellthe36totheteacher,andIcouldntaskmyfatherforhelp,either.Thattermworkingonthepaperwasreallypai

30、nful.Andmyteacherclearlyexpressedhis_37_.Cantyouwritesomethingmorelikethefirstpieceyouwrote?”hesaid,eachtimeIturnedinmyarticle.Icouldnt,becauseatthatage,Ididnthavemyfathersabilityandexperienceasawriter.Weekafterweek,Itriedhard,butmywritingnever38thelevelofthefirstarticle.Atlast,tomytotalshame,anothe

31、rstudenttookmyplace.I39thatmyfatherrewrotemyfirstarticlehimself,insteadofsimplytryingtohelpmetoimproveit.ButinmyheartIknewitwasmyfault（错误）becauseIallowedhimtodoit.Later,Ididbecomeasuccessfulwriteronmyown.Lookingback,Irealizedthatthepainandshameofthatschoolexperiencehada40_side.Ittaughtmetodependonmy

32、selfandbemyself.Soeveryday,Itrytousemyownwords,findmyownstyleandbemyownbestself.Itfeelsgreat.31.A.gaveB.sharedC.likedD.welcomed32.A.reportB.writingC.homeworkDnewspaper33.A.helpB.stopC.allowD.praise34.A.differentB.commonC.popularD.wonderful35.A.excitedB.worriedC.nervousD.confident36.A.truthB.excuseCf

33、eelingD.answer37.A.honestyB.patienceC.hopeD.disappointment38.A.setB.reachedCraisedD.changed39.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.complained40.A.magicB.seriousC.brightD.strange语篇精讲：参考答案：31-35CBBDA36-40ADBDC文章大意：本篇文章讲述了作者在校时想进入学校新闻部当记者，作者交上去的却是他爸爸写的文章，虽然他通过了选拔，却在工作中暴露出真实水平，最后他被别人替代的故事。通过这件事作者明白：想要成功必须靠自己

34、。答案解析：31 .通过上文“workingonthepapersoundedlikefun可推断出作者喜欢成为一名记者，故选0=32 .通过下文“Iwroteanarticleaboutthejoysofsummer”可知要上交一篇自己的写作材料,故选Bo33 .通过下文“Iturnedinhisversioninsteadofmine”可知作者交的是爸爸帮他写的文章，因此可以推断出他并没有阻止爸爸，故选 B。34 .通过下文“Hehadagiftforlanguage.可知爸爸的写作水平高，可以推断出爸爸38 .结合全文语境可知，第一篇文章是爸爸写的，当时的作者无论如何努力都达不到爸爸的写

35、作水平，故选 B.o39 .通过上文“anotherstudenttookmyplace”作者被人替代和下文“myfatherrewrotemyfirstarticlehimself,insteadofsimplytryingtohelpmetoimproveit,可推断出当时的作者对让爸爸帮他写文章是存在抱怨的，故选 D40 .通过下文“Ittaughtmetodependonmyselfandbemyself.”可推断那次经验也有好的一面，即光明的一面，故选 C.bright。精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少掌握 10 个】单词词性

36、及词义单词的运用(鼓励学生用所学词汇造句)realize语篇中的学到的方法【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握 2 个】方法一：词汇复现法如：本篇文早中的 32.(writing)方法二：上下文推理法的版本是非常精彩的，故选Do35.通过下文“headded,“Basedonthatexcellentarticleyouwroteaboutsummer,“禾口Iwasunabletowriteatthatlevel”可知此处表示他还来不及激动,故选 A。36.通过上文“Iwasunabletowriteatthatlevel,butIcouldnttellthe可知他不能写得那么好但是他又不

37、能告诉老师真相，故选Ao37.通过下文Cantyouwritesomethingmorelikethefirstpieceyouwrote?可推断出老师表达的是他的失望之情，故选D。方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法能力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1v.1）共后 2）分学2n./v.报道；报告3v.允许4v.令赞5n.常见的；共有的；普通的翻译：commonpeople6adj.自信的7truth8honesty9patience10disappointment11set12reachv.1)抵达 2)3)伸手 4)n.翻译：reachBeijing

38、reachaconclusionIcantreachthatfar.beyondthereachof13raise翻译：raiseyourhand;raisethepriceraisemoney;raisemanyquestions14v.意识到；实现15complain16brightadj.1）明亮的 2）艳丽的（颜色）3）4）翻译：Thebrightestpupilintheclasshasabrightfuture.17v./n.1)面试 2)采访18coverv.1)覆盖 2)设计 3)n.翻译： coveringmiddleschooleventsthecoverofthebook

39、19n.天赋；天才20giftn.1)礼物 2)21rewrite前缀 re-WTKe.g.rebuild:22piecen.1)一块；一首2)翻译：apieceabouttheInternet23papern.1)纸 2)3)试卷24v.1)预料 2)期望25painful后缀-ful 表小 e.g.hopefulforgetful;等26adj.成功的27v.表达 adj.快递的28n./v.经历；经验29v.提高；改善30dependon翻译：Ittaughtmetodependonmyself二、句子翻译1.这篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。2 .根据你写的关

40、于夏天的优秀文章，我希望你每星期为校报的第二版写一篇个人观点文章。3 .最后令我很羞愧的是另外一名同学替代了我的位置。4 .回首过去，我意识到学校经历的痛苦和耻辱有光明的一面。5 .因此每一天，我试着用我自己的话，找到自己的风格，做最好的自己。完形练习（东城一模）AnImperfectPaintingMyparentsalwayswantedmetobe“ontop”,sofromearlyonIhadthe31tobethebestineverything,fromgettingthehighestscoreonaspellingtesttorunningfastestinarace.Inm

41、iddleschool,Irealizedhowmanyothersmarterandfasterpeopletherewere.Itbecame32thatIwasnotthebestanymore,butmyparentsstillheldontotheirhopeandforcedmetotryhard.Totheirdisappointment,Ibecamelessconfidentanddidntwanttoworkhardbecause,tome,therewasnopointinmakinganymore33ifIwasunabletobenumberone.Mygradesb

42、egantofall;Ineverpracticedthepiano;I34painting.Itwasallbecausemymotivation（动力）todoanythinghaddroppedmuch.Whenhighschoolstarted,Iwasatanewschoolinanewcity.I35togetbackmymotivationandstartover.SoIpickedupmyeverfavoritehobbyagainandenrolled（报名）myselfintheartcourse.36,ourartteacher,Mr.Grady,gaveusmorefr

43、eedomwithourartprojects.Hewouldalwaysencourageustorealizeourpotential（潜力）.Myfirstpaintingwassimplyabeesittingonasunflower.Imadeeveryeffort,butstillfoundithardtofeelsatisfiedwithit.Iknewitwasnot37andcouldhardlygetagoodgrade.ButIshowedittoMr.Grady.Hedidnt38itinarush.Instead,hegavemeadvicewhichonlymoti

44、vatedmetoworkharderonit.ForthefirsttimeIwashappywiththe39ofmypaintingratherthandisappointedaboutitsimperfection.Ifinishedalltheotherprojectswithhighergrades,butIhungthefirstpaintinginmyroomattheendoftheterm.Myparentsthought40metobenumberonewouldmotivateme.Instead,itdiscouragedmemuchwhenIwasnotnumber

45、one,forIhadgonetoschoolonlytogetagrade,notknowledge,letaloneprogress.Actually,itisokaynottobethebestateverythingaslongasyoucontinuetotryyourbest.31.A.abilityB.chanceC.goalD.way32.A.strangeB.obviousC.acceptableD.impossible33.A.effortsB.choicesC.promisesD.wishes34.A.regrettedB.consideredC.continuedD.stopped35.A.failedB.refusedC.decidedD.waited36.A.NaturallyB.SimilarlyC.NormallyD.Luckily37.A.famousB.modernC.perfectD.special38.A.nameB.gradeC.hangD.finish39.A.progressB.meaningC.styleD.title40.A.instructingB.helpingC.encouragingD.pushing参考答案基础过关、词汇/短语翻译单词词义、词性备