2008职称英语全真模拟题：理工类A级第二套

1、2008职称英语全真模拟题：理工类A级第二套2008-01-21 12:55:54来源：中国职称英语网一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The normal price of a ticket for an adult is $230.A) ordinary B)properC) fair D)medium2We have to ask them to quit talking in order that all

2、 people present could hear us clearly.A) decrease B)ceaseC) continue D)keep 3 In Tom's eyes, the restaurant at the corner of the street is a very smart one.A clever B elegant C loyal D brave4. He was said to have been removed from the position of manager for a recent conflict with an important c

3、ustomer.A dismissed B released C picked D exposed5 I don't feel secure when I am alone in the house.A safe B pretty C distant D obvious6 Swedish is the native language of most Swedes.A natural B home C mother D ancient7 Ms Hawkins handles the company's accounts.A deals with B deals in C hold

4、s on D holds out8 I reserve the right to disagree.A deserve B keep C perceive D notice9 The solid facts he provided in his speech left a deep impression on his audience.A strong B entire C reliable D hard10 We can't take more than 100 guests.A hold B set C let D catch11 My sister has a talent fo

5、r music.A interest B limitation C dream D gift12 The city was literally destroyed.A word-for-word B eventually C actually D likely13 It is very late; hence you must go to bed.A from now on B later C elsewhere D thus14 This book embraces many subjects.A adopts B covers C presses D accepts15 He is sur

6、e of the coming of investment boom after adopting the new investment policies.A decrease B increase C influence D preparation1第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑El Nino （厄尔尼诺现象）While some forecasting metho

7、ds had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advanceThat would be good news for governments，farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall t

8、hat El Nino can produce in various parts of the world. Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperaturesThe results were reporte

9、d in the latest issue of the journal NatureThe researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan CWearea meteorologist at the University of California, Davis，who was not involved in the work，said it“suggestsE1 Nino is indeed predictable”“This will probably convince others to search around more

10、for even better methods”said WeareHe added that the new method“makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare saidThe ability t

11、o predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importanceThe 1997 El Nino，for example，caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide，offset by beneficial effects in other areas，said David Anderson，of the European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts in Reading EnglandThe 1877

12、 El Nino，meanwhile，coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and Cmpting the development of seasonal forecasting，Anderson saidWhen El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997200 million people were affected by flooding in China aloneaccording to a

13、2002 United Nations reportWhile predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains trickythe ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmedE1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and FebruaryThe warming tends

14、to last between 9 and 1 2 months and occurs every two to seven years· The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possibleE1 Nino n厄尔尼诺现象Equatorial adj赤道的Occurrence n发生Meteorologist n气象学家Offse

15、t v抵销Lead adj提前的Monsoon n季风Tricky adj难以捉摸的练习：1The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advanceARight BWrong CNot mentioned2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and seasurface temperatures

16、ARight BWrong CNot mentioned3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrencesARight BWrong CNot mentioned4. Weares contribution in predicting E1 Nino，was highly praised by other meteorologistsARight BWrong CNot mentioned5. Acco

17、rding to a Chinese report，the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1 99 1 and 1 997 affected 200 million Chinese people Aright BWrong CNot mentioned 6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peakAright BWrong CNot mentioned7. A special institute has been set up in America to study E1

18、 NinoARight BWrong CNot mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1-4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Icy MicrobesIn ice that has sealed a salty Antarctic lake for more than 2,800 years, scientists have found frozen bacteria and al

19、gae that returned to life after thawing. The research may help in the search for life on Mars, which is thought to have subsurface lakes of ice.A research team led by Peter Doran of the University of Illinois at Chicago drilled through more than 39 feet ice to collect samples of bacteria and algae.

20、When Doran's team brought them back and warmed them up a bit, they sprang back to life.Doran said the microbes have been age-dated at 2,800 years old, but even older microbes may live deeper in the ice sheet sealing the lake, and in the briny water below the ice. That deeper ice and the water it

21、self will be cautiously sampled in a later expedition that will test techniques may one day be used on Mars.Called Lake Vida, the 4.5-square - kilometer body is one of a series of lakes located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, some 2,200 kilometers due south of New Zealand. This lake has be

22、en known since the 1950s, but people ignored it because they thought it was just a big block of ice. While at the site for other research in the 1990s, Doran and his colleagues sent radar signals into the clear ice covering the lake and were surprised to find that 62 feet below there was a pool of l

23、iquid water that was about seven times more salty than seawater.That prompted the researchers to return in 1996 with equipment to drill a hole down to within a few feet of the water layer. At the bottom of this hole, researchers harvested specimens of algae and bacteria.The searchers will return in

24、2004 equipped with instruments that are sterilized. They will then drill through the full 62 feet of ice and sample some of the briny water from the lake for analysis. The water specimen will be cultured to see if it contains life. Specimens from the water are expected to be even older than the life

25、 forms extracted from the ice covering.1. Paragraph 2 _.2. Paragraph 3 _.3. Paragraph 4 _.4. Paragraph 6 _.A. Significance of testing techniques for sampling microbes in the deep ice sheetB. special features of lake VidaC. later expedition on marsD. 2004 revisit planned for collecting lake water spe

26、cimenE. Antarctic frozen life sampled and revivedF. Accidental discovery of ice-sealed lake water Antarctica5. Scientists ignored lake Vida because they thought that a lake of ice _.6. Scientists expect that the life, if found in deeper water below the ice sheet, _.7. What the scientists will do in

27、2004 _.8. The salt concentration in the liquid water of Lake Vida _.A. is found to be a great deal higher than that of seawaterB. was of little scientific valueC. may be older than that collected below 39 sheet of iceD. might have come from MarsE. is to collect some briny lake water for analysisF. m

28、ay return to life sooner than microbes frozen in the surface ice.第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第1篇Losing WeightGirls as young as 1 0 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudesabout weight，body image and food

29、，a group of Toronto researchers reported TuesdayTheir study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthyweights， nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose poundsEven at the tender agez of 10，nearly 32 per cent of girls felt“too fat'and 31 pe

30、r cent said they were trying to dietMcVey，a researcher atthe Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto，and her colleaguesanalyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1 993 and 2003，reporting their findings in Tuesdays issue of the Canadian Medical Association J

31、ournalNearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 72 per cent wereconsidered overweight using standard weight-toheight ratiosMost researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figureNearly 30 per cent of the girls reporte

32、d they Were currently trying to lose weight，though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomitingStill，a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 105 per cent of surveyParticipants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder'Were not talking about kids whove

33、 been prescribed a diet because theyre above average weight or overweight. Were talking about children who are within a healthy weight range。And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight，”McVey said，acknowledging she found the rates disturbingShe said striking a balance between healt

34、hy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task，with no easy solutions词汇：overweight adj超重的；过重的induce vt引起，导致prescribe vt处方；开药；嘱咐1The study showed that most of the girlsA)were overweightB) were on a dietC)had unhealthy attitudes about weightD)had a healthy body weight2W

35、hat percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?A)Nearly 80 percentB)72 percentC)Nearly 30percentD)105 percent3The survey participants were girlsA)whowere 10B)who were 14C)who were 10 to 14D)who were 10 to 184 What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?A)A schoo1B)A hos

36、pitalC)An associationD)A charity5 Unhealthy attitudes about weight，body image and food mayA)lead to an eating disorderB)result from self-induced vomitingC)make it easier to gain weightD)bring about greater competition第2篇Will Quality Eat up the U.S. Lead in Software?If U.S. software companies don'

37、;t pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye. Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry. Their weapon is quality and one of their jobs is to attract the top U.S. quality specialists whose voices are not listened to in their country.Already, of

38、the world's 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India. That's largely because they have used new methodologies rejected by American software specialists. For example, for decades, quality specialists, W. Edwards Deming and J. M. Juran had urged U

39、.S. software companies to change their attitudes to quality. But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the U.S - but not in Japan. By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products. They used Deming's and Juran's ideas to bring down the cost of go

40、od quality to as little as 5% of total production costs. In U.S. factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%. In software, it still is.Watts S. Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance. But his advice was seldom paid attention to. He

41、retired from IBM in 1986. In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing and improving software quality. It has proved its value time and again. For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production costs. It tell to 15% in 1996 and has s

42、ince further dropped to below 10%.Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be winning more praises overseas than at home. The Indian government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park in Chennai, India. Let's hope that

43、 U.S. lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems.1. What country has more highest-rating companies in the world than any other country has?A) India.B) The US.C) Brazil.D) Germany.2. Which of the following statements about Humphrey is tree?A) He is now still an IBM employer.B) He h

44、as worked for IBM for 37 years. C) India honors him highly. D) The US pays much attention to his quality advice.3.By what means did Japan grab its large market share by the 1970s and the 1980s? A)Its advertising was most successful. B)Its products were cheaper in price and better in quality.C) The U

45、S hardware industry was lagging behind.D) Japan hired a lot of Indian software specialists.4. What does the founding of the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute symbolize?A) It symbolizes the US determination to move ahead with its software. B) It symbolizes the Japanese efforts to solve the so

46、ftware quality problem. C) It symbolizes the Indian ambition to take the lead in software.D) It symbolizes the Chinese policy on importing software.5. What is the writer worrying about?A) Many US software specialists are working for Japan.B) The quality problem has become a worldwide problem. C)Indi

47、a and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US. D) The US will no longer be the first software player in the world.第3篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their BrothersYoung female chimps are faster and better learners than young male chimps，sugges a newstudy，echoing learning differences seen in huma

48、n girls and boysWhile young male chimps pass their time playing，young female chimps carefully study their mothersAs a result，they learn how to fish fortasty termite snacks over two years before the boysElizabeth Lonsdorf,now at Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago，US，and colleagues at the University of Minne

49、sota，Saint Paul，spent four years。watching how young chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania4 learned“cultural behavior”The sex differences in learning behavior were“consistent and strikingly apparent”，says the teamThe researchers point out that similar differences are seen in human childr

50、en with regard to skills such as writing“A sexbased learning differences may therefore date back0 at 1east to the 1ast common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans，”they write in the journal Nature Chimps make flexible tools'：from vegetation and then insert them into termite moundsextract them and

51、then munch the termites clinging onto the t001The researchers used video cameras to record this feeding behavior and found that each chimp mother had her own technique。such as how she used tools of different lengthsAnalysis of the six infants whose ages were known showed that girl chimps were an ave

52、rage Of 3 1 months old when they succeeded in fishing out their termiteswhere the boy chimps were aged 58 months on averageFemales were also more skillful at getting out more termites with every dip and used techniques similar to their mothers while males did notInstead of studying their mothers，the

53、 boy chimps spent a significantly greater amount of time frolicking around the termite moundBehaviors such as playing or swinging might help the male infants later in life when typically male activities like hunting or fighting for dominance becomeimportant，suggest the researchers Lonsdorf adds that

54、 there are just two main sources of animal protein for chimps the termites or colobus monkeys“Mature males often hunt monkeys up fleesbut females are almostalways either pregnant or burdened with a clinging infantsThis makes hunting difficult,” she says”Adult females spend more time fishing for term

55、ites than malesSo becoming proficient at termite fishingcould meanadult females eat better,” They can watch their offspring at the same timeThe young of both sexes seem to pursue activities related to their adult sex roles at a very young age”词汇chimpn(口语)=chimpanzeen黑猩猩outlearnv在学习上胜过termiten。白蚁munc

56、hv用力嚼；津津有味地吃frolicn嬉戏v(-icked；一icking)嬉戏colobusn疣猴offspringn子孙，后代1Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at fishing for termites?A)Because young female chimps dont play with their brothersB)Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlierC)Because young male c

57、himps never learn to fish for termitesD)Because young male chimps are not interested in termites2What are the tools With which chimps fish for termites?A)Tree branchesB)VegetablesC)FruitsD)Grass3Which of the following is true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6?A) Males often compete with females in fishing for termitesB)Males could get out more termites with every dipC)Females could get out more termites with every dipD)Males are good at mastering technique for fishing for termites4How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more