2020届高考英语二轮复习疯狂专练三词性转化及词性变化单句填空语法填空

1、疯狂专练三词性转化及词性变化单句填空语法填空技巧点拨当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条规则顺利解题：(1)作主语或宾语用名词形式；(2)作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；(3)修饰动 词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形式。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形 容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或 者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。1. 有

2、时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀，其逻辑 意义才通顺；2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，就可能是加只改 变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。吊考考点形容词副词Wide WideIy形容词形容词比较级/最高级Wide Wider/WideSt形容词名词Wide Width形容词动词Wide Widen动词名词inStrUCt inStrUCtion (S)happy happily, SimPIe Si特殊变性true truly,arrange arrangement，judge judgment1.【2020 全国 II 卷】Her years

3、 Of hard WOrk have (final)beenack no WIedged after a CuStOmer nomin ated(提名)her to be CheShire's Woman Of The Year.2【2020 全国卷】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bearsas much of the range has bee n (poor) studied.3. 【2020 全国卷I 改编】It leads to a (believe) that populations ar

4、ein CreaS ing4. 【2020 浙江卷JDther AmeriCan StUdieS ShOWed no nect) betweenUni forms and school PerfOrma nce.5. 【2020 浙江卷School Uniforms are_ (tradition) in Britain, but someschools are Start ing to get rid of them.6. 【2020 全国卷 I JAccording to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30PerCe nt of tota

5、l lobe) fertilizer con SUmPti on.7. 【2020 全国卷IIJ rm a(SCience) who StUdieS animals SUCh as apes andmon keys.8. 【2020 全国卷J RUnning is cheap, easy and it' (Snegay)S9. 【2020 全国卷 Il J ThiS development WaS only POSSibIe With the (in trodUce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.10. 【2020 浙江卷改编】When

6、the ChiIdren are walking to school on darkmornin gs, Car drivers Can(easy) See them.11. She took the job for(Variety ) reasons.12. It(eventUal) became China' S Primary faith, more WideSPread than theoriginal Chinese religions of ConfUcianism and Taoism.13. When they Were free from work , they in

7、Vited US to local events and let USknow of an interesting(COmPete) to WatCh , together With the storybehi nd it.14. The obvioUS one is money; eating oUt once or twice a Week may be(afford) bUt doing this most days adds Up.15. He explained that he tried to _ _ (SimPIe) the ShOW and enSured thePiglet

8、is Un forgettable.16. The(PrOdUCe) made his fortune tha nks to the young PePPa pig.17. Now that you are able to take UP arms and PrOteCt your motherland, Weare all(Pride ) of you.18. I SUggeSt We should find new WayS to PrOteCt the (endanger )an imals.19. In the COUrSe of (evolve ), some birds have

9、lost the power of flight.20. In order to PrOteCt the enVirOnmentpeople shouldn' destroy (nature ) balance.A直击考题PaSSageI体裁主题字数建议用时议论文空气污染的影响215字9分钟The sile nt killer air polluti on CaUSeS SeVe n millio n PrematUre (过早的)丄 _ (death) a year, not just in2_ _ (develop) countries but also in UKand the

10、USA as well. In China , people are well aware of the health problems it brin gs.I CheCk every Part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will PreParemasks for my family. I dislike3Whe n the air is bad. BeCaUSe bad airmakes it difficult for me to breathe and I thi nk it does in flue nce my4 (Pe

11、rfOrm) at work. A new research in Chi na has also found a Iink betwee n airquality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living acrossChina 5 (test) in Ianguage and math skills last year. They found the results of those _6_ lived in more polluted areas Were7(negative)impacted, espe

12、cially in Ianguages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollutio n has an effect not just on the IUngSand heart8on thebrai n.ThiS research shows that the Ionger We are exposed to air pollution, the9(ma ny) problems We ' re stori ng UP for later life. CamPaig ners hopethis StUdy will

13、PerSUade the BritiSh government10 _ (think) hard beforeit PUbIiSheS its clean air Strategy next year.PaSSage2体裁主题字数建议用时议论文手机与沟通200字9分钟【晋冀鲁豫中原名校2020届高三第三次联考】Stand in line at any grocery store or Sit in any hospital Waiting room, and you See people Staring at their phon es, PrObabIy CatCh ing UP on n

14、ews or just reliev ing their boredom. ThiS SeemSharmless eno ugh.BUtcould being onour PhOneS affectour 1(able)to COnneCtWiththe people aroundus? 2 new StUdy aimed to an SWer that questi on.ReSearCher KOStad in KUShIeV and his colleagues asked PairS of college StUdents ,3 Were Strangers to each other

15、 _4_(COme) into a small labWaiting room-either With OrWithOUttheir phones.They Were told that theresearchers Were running a bit late and the yn eeded to wait. While Wait ing, theirfaces Were _5_ (SeCret) VideOtaped.Afterwards,thestudents6 (report) how they felt and how much they interacted(互动)with t

16、he OtherPartiCiPa nts.The researchers StUdied VideOtaPeS of the faces of airs who in teracted,7 (measure) how often they Smiled. The 8 (result)?PeOPIe With PhOneS exhibited fewer SmiIeS overall. They SPent 30% less of the time smili ng 9 PeOPIe WithOUt pho nes, Sig nali ng less in terest in conn ect

17、 ing With Others. What's more, thirty-two PartiCiPa nts With PhOneS did n't in teract at all in the Waiting room. TheSe findings show that USing PhOneS in PUbIiC 10(affect) on e's in teract ion With others. Con SeqUe ntly, cell PhOneS should be USed wisely.PaSSage3体裁主题字数建议用时说明文金庸的介绍173字8

18、分钟【江西省名校（临川一中、南昌二中）2020届高三5月联合考试】Louis Cha,better known by his Pen n ame Jin Yong, WaS a Chin ese WuXia no VeliSt andessayist, _1_co-foUnded the HOng KOng daily newspaper Ming Bao in1959 and _2_ (SerVe) as the first editor-in- chief. He WaS HOng KOng' Smost famous writer.HiS WUXia no VeIS have 3

19、 WideSPreadfollowi ngin Chin eseCOmmunities worldwide. HiS 15 works _4_ (Write) between 1955 and 1972 earned him a reputation as one of the greatest and most popular WUXia WriterS ever. By the time of his 5 (die) he WaS the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million COPieS of his works have b

20、een sold worldwide. HiS works have the UnUsual ability 6 (go) beyond geographical and ideological barriers SeParatingChinese communitiesofthe world, achiev ing_7一 (great) SUCCeSS tha n any other con temporarywriter.Most of his works _8(translate) into many Ianguages so far,including English, French,

21、 etc. EVen the asteroid (小行星)10930 JinyOng (1998 CR2) is named 9 him.We CannOtthank him more for1 he has done in no VeIliterature.、答案与解析1. 【答案】fin ally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been ack no WIedged,意为“最终得以认可”，故填 fin ally。2. 【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been

22、 StUdied ,意为“研究很少”。故填 poorly 。3. 【答案】belief【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief 04. 【答案】COnneCtiOn/connectiOnS【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。Connect 是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填COnnection/connections 。5. 【答案】traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许

23、学 生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditio nal6.【答案】 global【解析】 考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30% 。 fertilizerconsumption 是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填 global 。7. 【答案】 scientist【解析】 考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。 scientist 科学家。8. 【答案】 energetic【解析】考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it '可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填 ene

24、rgetic 。9. 【答案】 introduction【解析】 考查词性转换。空格前是 the, 后面应该是名词，故填名词 introduction10. 【答案】 easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词See，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用 easy 的副词 形式。故填 easily 。11. 【答案】 various【解析】考查形容词。句意：她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。 修饰复数名词 reasons 应用形容词，故填 various 。12. 【答案】 eventually【解析】 考查副词。修饰动词 became ，应用副词形式，故填 eventually 。

25、13. 【答案】 competition解析】考查名词。句意：当他们没有工作的时候， 他们邀请我们参加当地的活动， 让我们知道一个有趣的比赛，以及它背后的故事。由空格前的不定冠词 an 与空格 后的不定式 to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填 competition 。14. 【答案】 affordable【解析】 考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词 be 后 用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的” 故填 affor,dable 。15. 【答案】 simplify【解析】 考查词性转化。 try to do sth. “尝试做某事”后跟动词原形，故填动词

26、simplify 。16. 【答案】 producer【解析】 考查词性转化。句意：这位制作人靠年轻的小猪佩奇发了财。做主语，表 示“制作人”，故填 producer 。17. 【答案】 proud【解析】 考查形容词。句意：现在你们能够拿起武器保卫祖国了，我们都为你们感到骄傲。固定短语 be proud of=take Pride in 以为自豪。故填proud 。18. 【答案】 endangered【解析】 考查形容词。句意：我建议我们应该寻找新的方法保护濒危动物。修饰名 词 animals 应用形容词形式。 endanger （使遭危险）的形容词为 endangered ， 意为“濒危

27、的”，符合句意。故填 endangered 。19. 【答案】 evolution【解析】考查名词。句意：在进化的过程中，一些鸟丧失了飞行能力。空格前Of为介词，空格后没有其他形式的宾语，所以空格处应用名词形式。evolve （进化）的名词形式为evolution ,故填evolution。20. 【答案】natural【解析】考查形容词。句意：为了保护环境，人们不应该破坏自然平衡。修饰名词 应用形容词形式。n ature （自然界，大自然）的形容词形式为n atural （自然的）故填 natural 。直击考题PaSSageI【答案】1. deaths2. develop ing3. it

28、4.PerfOrma nce5. Weretested6. who7. n egatively8. but9.more10. to thi nk【解析】1. 考查名词复数。句意：无声杀手一一空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处 death “死亡的人数”，是可数 名词，结合句意可知此处用复数形式，故答案为 deaths。2. 考查词性转化。句意参照上题解析。由“but ”可知，此处是“发展中的”，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，故答案为developi ng 。3. 考查 it 用法。句意：我不喜欢空气不好的时候。此处 it 是形式主语， when 引

29、导的从句是真正的主语，故答案为it 。4. 考查词性转化。句意：我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my 是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为 performance 。5. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意： 在这项研究中，去年对中国各地的 2.5 万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语 people ，集体名词，和谓语动词 test 之间是一种被动关系， 再根据 last year 可知是发生在过去， 所以句子用一般过 去时态的被动语态，故答案为 were tested 。6. 考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人受到了负 面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处 tho

30、se 是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作 主语，故答案为 who 。7. 考查词性转换。句意参照上题解析。此处impacted 是动词，由副词修饰，故答案为 negatively 。8. 考查固定搭配。句意：越来越多的证据表明，空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏，还会影响大脑。固定搭配：nOt just/only also )"b不但(而且 C故答案为 but 。9. 考查比较级。句意：这项研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。固定结构：the+比较级，the+比较级“越,越。”故答案为more。10. 考查动词。 句意：活动家希望这项研究能说服英国政府

31、在明年公布其清洁空答案为 to think passage2答案】1.ability2. A3. who4.to come5.secretly6.reported7.measuring8.results9.than10.affects【解析】1. 考查词性转化。句意：但是使用手机会影响我们与周围的人交流的能力么？作动词 affect 的宾语用名词，故填 ability 。2. 考查冠词。句意：一项新研究旨在回答这个问题。 study 意为“研究”，为可数 名词，此处是第一次提到，用不定冠词表泛指，故填A。3.考查定语从句。 句意：研究员 Kostadin Kushlev 和他的同事让几组互不相

32、识的大 学生进入一间小实验室的等候室，他们可以带手机，也可以不带手机，分析句子结 构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句， 从句中缺少主语， 先行词是 pairs of college students ，故填关系代词 who 。4.考查动词。句意参考上题析， ask sb. to do sth 表示“让某人做某事”，故填 to come 5.考查词性转化。句意：在等待时，他们的脸被秘密地录了下来。修饰动词 videotaped 用副词，故填 secretly 。6. 考查时态。句意：之后，学生们报告了他们的感觉以及与其他参与者的互动有多 少。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填 reported 。7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员研究了互动的学生的面部表情录像，测量他们 微笑的频率。 researchers 与 measure 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用 现在分词作状语，故填 measuring 。8. 考查名词。句意：结果呢？总的来