(完整word版)被动语态详解及分类练习(包括句子翻译)

1、1） 被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be + Vp.p （及物动词过去分词）be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.I am asked to study hard by my mother.Knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were

2、laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next

3、year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired

4、by Tom now.They ar e planting trees over there. 7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be planted.练习：1. The boy to get supper ready after school yesterdayA. were told B. is telling C. was told D. tells2. A lot of new roads built in the west of C

5、hina in ten years A. must B. will be C. has D. have3. Chinese by the largest number of people.A. speak B. is speaking C. speaks D. is spoken4. The old stone bridge _ next week.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild5. The coat_her sister.A. made to B. we

6、re made for C. was made for D. was made to2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词原则上，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但是，许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词，变成及物动词短语如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at 等， 这时也可有被动语态。此时应注意短语的整体性，即后面的介词或副词不要丢掉。例如：We should speak to old people politely.Old people politely by us.She will take good care of the

7、 children (变被动语态)The children will by her1 规则动词的过去分词1) 一般情况下栽动词原形后面加ed2) 以不发音e结尾的加-d3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改 i 加 -ed4) 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母在家-edwatch-watchedpractice-practicedstudy-studiedstop-stopeed2. 不规则动词的过去分词amhavedo-doneisbeenwrite-writtenarehasgo-gone3） 被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：Where

8、 could they grow these vegetables ？（改为被动语态）Where vegetables ?【翻译练习】1. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。（ welcom ）2. 这次英语演讲比赛将会在下星期五举行。（hold）3. 在过去五年里，他被认为是这个村里最有才华的年轻人。（consider as）4. Jim 正在院子里修理他的自行车。（ repair）5. 就网球来说他还从来没有被别人打败过。/ 他在网球上海从来没有遇到过对手。（ beat）6. 你不必把这封信打印出来。（ print ）7. 据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。8. 据专家所说，所有的桥梁必须重建。（ reb

9、uild ）3） 在下列情况下，一般使用被动语态：（ 1 ） 表示据说或 相信 的词组， 基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say,see, suppose, think, understand 等组成。例如：It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道 It is believed that 大家相信 It is hope d that 大家希望It is well known that 众所周知 It is thought that 大家认为 It is suggested t

10、hat 据建议 It is taken granted that 被视为当然 It has been decided that 大家决定 It must be remember that 务必记住的是 4） 注意被动语态的几个特殊情况：5） 1 ） 带双宾语的两种被动语态形式： 把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如：She gave me a book.I was given a book by her.to 或 for, 如： 把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词She gave me a book.A book was given to me by her.She bo

11、ught me a present.A present was bought for me by her.Her mother gave her a new pen （变被动语态）A new pen her by her mother （ 3） 复合宾语的主动句在转换成被动句时，那些感官动词和使役动词如make， see， feel, hear等后所省略的动词不定式to 需被还原。例如：My teacher made me do my homework.I was made to do my homework by my teacher.Someone saw him swim in Qian

12、ling Lake yesterday （变被动语态）He swim in Qianling Lake yesterday 5） 主动形式表示被动意义1 ） wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell 等。例如：The book sells well.这本书销路好。This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。2 ） need/want/require/worth当 need, want, require, be worth 后面接 doing 时，表示的是被动意义。例

13、如：Your hair needs cutting.= Your hair needs to be cut.The flowers require watering.6） 被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （ from ） , be prepared（ for） , be occupied （ in） , get married 等。例如：He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或 get married to

14、sb. 均可。例如：He married a rich girl.He got married to a rich girl.8) 不宜使用被动语态的几种情况：( 1 ) 有些动词如happen 和动词短语如take place 是没有被动语态的。9) 熟记教材中与被动语态相关的固定搭配和句型。例如： be made of / from /in / by, be used for/ as 等。 Your coat looks nice Is it cotton ？ Yes Its ShanghaiA made of； made byB made of； made inC made for； m

15、ade by D made for； made in 10)被动语态的判断方法。 当句中出现by sb， with sth 短语时常使用被动语态，如：The door was locked by me.The road was covered with snow.及物动词之后没有宾语常需用被动语态，如：I (ask) to answer the question.我们知道，ask 是及物动词，其后必须接宾语。但在此题中，ask 之后并没有宾语。这当然不是题目出错了，而是ask 的宾语 I 已经到句首当主语 动作的承受者做主语，自然应使用被动语态：I was asked to answer th

16、e question.当主语和谓语动词之间形成逻辑上的被动关系时应使用被动语态，如上文所提到的句子“黑板已经擦过了”：The blackboard (clean).“黑板 ”与 “擦 ”之间的逻辑关系是：“黑板 ”被 “擦 ”， 故应使用被动语态：The blackboard has beencleaned.三 .巩固练习1. She said that the car(use) the next week.2. The desk must (clean) once a day.3. Jiefang trucks(make) in Changchun.4. A pen is used for(

17、write).5. All that must (do).6. They find it useful(learn) English.7. The radio(use) once in a week in our class. It(not use) yesterday because there was something wrong with it.8. John(elect) president of the class instead of Harry.【单项选择】( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. f

18、ound B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. i

19、s made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ()8A new house _ at the c

20、orner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )11 His new book_ next month.

21、A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published( ) 12 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking() 13 These papers_yet.A. have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( ) 14 The s

22、ports meet _ be held until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?() 16 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are() 17_ these desks be

23、 needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do() 18 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting heldC. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held() 19 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by【完整版练习】( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A.

24、 found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D.

25、 is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _.A.it soldB.its sellingC. Its been sold D. it had been sold()8A new house_ atthecorner o

26、fthe road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key_on thetable when Ileave.A. was left B.willbe leftC.is left D.has beenleft( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )11 His new book_ next month.A. will be publish

27、ed B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published( ) 12 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking() 13 These papers_yet.A. have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( ) 14 The sports meet _ be he

28、ld until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?() 16 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are() 17_ these desks be needed?A. Will B.

29、 Are C. Has D. Do() 18 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting holdB. wasnt a meeting heldC. wasnt held a meetingD. a meeting wasnt held() 19 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by() 20 Where _ these boxesA. was B. were C. is D. am()21 The flowers_often.A. must be w

30、ater B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water() 22 The books may_ for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow () 23 The broken bike here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended() 24 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A.is going to be rebuilt

31、 B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 25 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shownC. will show D. is shown() 26 The old stone bridge _ next week.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild( )2

32、7Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 28The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keepingB. was used; keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( )29Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will

33、 grow( ) 30 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 31 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( )32 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throw

34、ingC. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 33 The teapot _ water.A.is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 34Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 35 Old people must _.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked wel

35、l afterD. be looked after well( ) 36 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care( )37 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens ( ) 38These walls_stone.A. are made ofB. made ofC. are mad

36、e intoD. made into( ) 39 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( )40 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 41 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to( ) 42 I_ five minutes to

37、decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given ( ) 43 Good caresuch things.A. should take of B. should be takenC. should be taking D. should be taken of ( ) 44She willgood care.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you ( )45The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 46 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean ( ) 47 These childrendance.A. were seen to B. we