机械振动常用英语词汇

1、机械振动常用英语词汇Aacceleration 加速度acceleration mobility 加速度导纳accelerometer加速度计adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵admittance 导纳algebraic 代数的algorithm 算法alignment 对中amplifier 放大器amplitude 振幅，幅度amplitude-frequency characteristics幅频特性amplitude-frequency curve 幅频特性曲线amplitude spectrum 幅值谱angular velocity 角速度aperiodic 非周期的appen

2、dix 附录argument 自变量autocorrelation 自相关 auto-correlation function 自相关函数auto-covariance function 自协方差函数auto-spectral density 自功率谱密度average value 均值axis 轴BBack substitution回代back-to-back mounting 背靠背安装backward precession 反进动backward whirl 反向涡动balancing machine平衡机barium钡beam 梁bearing轴承beating 拍belt皮带Bode

3、 plot波德图boundary condition 边界条件burst random excitation 猝发随机激励Ccalibrate 校准，标定calibration 校准，标定cantilever 悬臂central difference method 中心插分法centrifugal 离心的centrifugal force 离心力characteristic determinant 特征行列式characteristic equation 特征方程characteristic matrix 特征矩阵circular frequency 圆频率clamped 固支clamped-

4、hinged 固支-铰支clockwise 顺时针的coefficient系数cofactor 余因子column matrix 列矩阵comparison calibration 比较校准complex frequency response 复频响应complex stiffness 复刚度complex amplitude 复数振幅complex modal shape 复振型complex plane 复平面complex vibration 复数振动condition monitoring 状态监测conjugate 共扼converge 收敛converged 收敛的convolut

5、ion 卷曲，卷积convolution integral 卷积积分convolution theorem 卷积定理column 列coordinate 坐标coulomb damping 库仑阻尼counterclockwise 逆时针的coupling 耦合covariance 协方差crankshaft 曲轴critical speed 临界转速critically damped 临界阻尼的cross correlation 互相关cross-covariance function 互协方差函数cross-spectral density 互谱密度cushion 软垫，垫子DDC 直流d

6、amper 阻尼器damped natural frequency 有阻尼固有频率damping 阻尼damping factor 阻尼系数damping ratio 阻尼比dashpot 阻尼器，缓冲器decay 衰减decibel 分贝decompose 分解deflection 位移，挠度degree of freedom 自由度denominator 分母density 密度deviation 偏差derivative 导数descend order 降阶determinant 行列式diagonal matrix对角矩阵differential 微分的dimensionless 无量

7、纲的discrete 离散的discrete spectrum 离散谱disk 盘displacement 位移dissipate 耗散divide 除DOF 自由度Duhamels Integral 杜哈美积分Dunkerleys method 邓克利法dynamic coupling 动力耦合dynamic matrix 动力矩阵Eeccentric mass 偏心质量eccentricity 偏心距effective mass有效质量effective value，RMS value 有效值eigenvalue 特征值eigenvalue matrix 特征值矩阵eigenvector

8、特征向量elastic body 弹性体element 元素，单元ensemble average 集合平均equal root 等根equilibrium 平衡equivalent viscous damping 等效粘性阻尼ergodic process 各态历经过程excursion 行程Expansion Theorem展开定理exponential 指数的Euler equation 欧拉方程even 偶数Ffast Fourier transform 快速傅立叶变换factorize 分解因式factorial 阶乘的finite difference method 有限差分法fi

9、nite element method 有限元方法flexibility 柔度flexibility matrix 柔度矩阵flexure-torsion vibration 弯-扭振动flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度flutter 颤振flywheel 飞轮forced harmonic vibration 强迫简谐振动forced vibration 强迫振动foregoing 在前的, 前述的forward precession正进动forward whirl正向涡动Fourier Series傅里叶级数Fourier spectrum傅立叶谱Fourier transfor

10、m傅立叶变换free vibration自由振动free-damped vibration有阻尼自由振动free response自由响应frequency ratio频率比frequency response function频响函数fundamental frequency 基频fundamental frequency vibration 基频振动fundamental mode 第一阶模态GGauss elimination高斯消去法Gaussian distribution 高斯分布，正态分布general solution 通解generalized coordinates 广义坐

11、标generalized force 广义力generalized mass 广义量generalized stiffness 广义度gravitational force 重力gyroscopic 陀螺的gyroscope 陀螺仪Hhalf-power 半功率half-power bandwidth 半功率带宽half power points 半功率点harmonic 简谐的harmonic force 简谐激振力harmonic motion 简谐运动homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次方程Hookes law 虎克定律Holzer Method

12、霍尔兹法hysteresis damping 迟滞阻尼hysteresis loop 迟滞回线，滞后环Iimpact exciting calibration 冲击校准impact hammer 冲击力锤impedance matrix 阻抗矩阵impedance transform 阻抗变换impulse excitation 脉冲激励impulse response function 冲击响应函数inch 英寸independent coordinate 独立坐标inertia force 惯性力infinitesimal无穷小的initial condition 初始条件initial

13、phase 初相位initial shock response spectrum 初始冲击响应谱in-phase component 同相分量integral 积分的intermediate 中间的interpolation 插值inverse 逆inverse matrix 逆矩阵isotropic 各向同性的iteration 迭代Jjump phenomenon 跃变现象Jacobi diagonalization 雅可比对角化Kkinetic energy 动能LLagrange's equation 拉格朗日方程LaPlace transformation 拉普拉斯变换Lin

14、ear 线性的Lissojous Curve 李萨茹图logarithm 对数logarithmic decrement 对数衰减率longitudinal 纵向的lower limit amplitude 幅值下限lumped mass 集中质量Mmagnetic tape recorder 磁带记录仪magnetic pulling exciter 磁吸式激振器mass matrix 质量矩阵matrix of transfer function 传递函数矩阵matrix iteration 矩阵迭代法maximum shock response spectrum冲击最大响应谱mean s

15、quare value 均方值mechanical exciter 机械式激振器mechanical shaker 机械式振动台mechanical impedance 机械阻抗mechanical mobility 机械导纳midspan 跨中modal coordinates 模态坐标modal damping ratio 模态阻尼比modal impedance 模态阻抗modal mass 模态质量modal matrix 正则振型矩阵modal mobility 模态导纳modal stiffness 模态刚度modal testing 模态试验mode shape 振型（模态）mo

16、dulus of elasticity 弹性模量moment 弯矩multi-degree-mf- freedom system多自由度系统multiply 乘Nnatural frequency 固有频率natural logarithm 自然对数nondimensional 无量纲的nonlinear 非线性的non-proportional viscous damping非比例粘性阻尼normal force 法向力normalization 正则化normal mode 主振型numerator 分子Ooctave 倍频程odd 奇数off-diagonal element非对角元素o

17、il whirl 油膜涡动oil whip 油膜振荡orientation 方位orthogonal 正交的orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthogonality 正交性orthonormal mode 正则振型oscillatory 振动的，摆动的oscillatory motion 振荡运动 overdamped 过阻尼的Pparallel 并联，平行Parseval's Theorem 帕斯瓦尔定理partial differential 偏微分particular solution 特解partitioned matrix 分块矩阵peak value 峰值pe

18、ndulum (钟）摆periodic 周期的periodic motion 周期运动phase 相位phase distortion 相位失真畸变phase frequency characteristics 相频特性phase frequency characteristics 相频特性曲线phase shift 相移phase spectrum 相位谱piezoelectric crystal accelerometer压电晶体加速度计piezoelectric effect 压电效应piezoresistive effect 压阻效应pipe 管道polar moment of ine

19、rtia 极转动惯量polarization 极化polygon 多边形，多角形polynomial 多项式 portable vibrometer 便携式测振仪potential energy 势能power 冥（次方），功率power spectral density 功率谱密度premultiply 左乘principal coordinate 主坐标principal frequency 主频率principal mass 主质量principal vibration 主振动principal stiffness 主刚度principle of superposition 叠加原理pr

20、obability 概率probability distribution 概率分布probability density function 概率密度函数product 乘积propagation (声波, 电磁辐射等)传播proportional damping 比例阻尼proportional phase shift 比例相移proportional viscous damping 比例粘性阻尼pulley 皮带轮,滑轮pulse excitation 脉冲激励Qquasi-periodic vibration 准周期振动QR decomposition QR分解quefrency 倒频率q

21、uotient 商Rramp 斜面，斜道radial 径向的radial vibration 径向振动radian 弧度random vibration 随机振动Rayleigh method 瑞利法Rayleigh quotient 瑞利商Rayleigh-Ritz Method 瑞利-里兹法real symmetric matrix 实对称矩阵recast 改动reciprocal 倒数的reciprocity calibration 互易校准法rectangular pulse 矩形脉冲recurrence formula 递推公式, 循环residual amplitude 残余振幅r

22、esidual shock response spectrum剩余冲击响应谱resolution 分辨率resonance 共振rigid body 刚体 rise time 上升时间Ritz method 李兹法rms 均方根rod 杆root mean square 均方根root solving 求根rotation matrix 旋转矩阵rotating machine 旋转机械rotor 转子rotor-support system 转子支承系统row 行row matrix 行矩阵rudder 舵Ssampling frequency 采样频率sampling interval 采

23、样间隔sampling theorem 采样定理scaling 比例运算seismic 地震的seismometer 地震仪self-excitation vibration 自激振动sensitivity 灵敏度series 串联shaft 轴shaft vibration 轴振动shear 剪力shear modulus of elasticity剪切弹性模量shock excitation 冲击激励shock isolation 振动隔离shock response 冲击响应shock response spectrum 击响应谱shock response spectrum analy

24、sis冲击响应谱分析shock testing machine 冲击试验台SI 国际（单位）制sideband 边(频)带signal conditioner 信号处理器simply support 简支singular matrix 降秩(矩)阵single-DOF 单自由度slender 细长的slope 转角， 斜率spin 旋转spring 弹簧square root 平方根stabilize 稳定standard deviation 标准偏差standard vibration exciter 标准振动台state vector 状态向量static calibration 静态校准

25、static coupling 静力耦合static equilibrium position 静平衡位置steady state 稳态step function 阶跃函数stiffness 刚度stiffness influence coefficient 刚度影响系数stiffness matrix 刚度矩阵strain 应变stress 应力string 线, 细绳stroboscope 闪光测速仪structural damping 结构阻尼subdiagonal 子对角subscript 下标subsidiary 附属的，次要的successive 接连不断的support motion 支承运动suspend 悬挂suspension 悬挂synthesis 综合，合成synchronous forward precession同步正进动synchronous whirl 同步涡动symmetric matrix 对称矩阵Ttabulate 将列成表tangent 切线，正切tangential 切向的tensile 拉力的，张力的tension 张力，拉力terminology 术语time de