2020届高三英语一轮复习专题三冠词练习(1)

1、专题三 冠词2）直击高考 瞪/雷瞪*N言安1. （2017 新课标全国卷 I ）As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.解析：as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。2. （2016 浙江卷）The prize for the winner of the competition is a two-week holiday in Paris.解析：句意：这次比赛获胜者的奖项是巴黎两周游。第一空后的 名词prize在本句中表示特指，故用the;第二空后的holid

2、ay为可数 名词，在本句中表示泛指，故与不定冠词a连用。3. （2015 重庆卷）I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.解析：句意：我刚听说Dora工作的那家银行被一名戴面具的持 枪歹徒抢劫了。考查冠词。第一个空后的名词后有定语从句修饰，特 指Dora工作的那家银行，应该用定冠词 the;第二个空后的名词 gunman在本句中表示泛指，故用不定冠词 a。4. （2015 陕西卷）The more learned a man is, the more modest he usual

3、ly becomes.解析：句意：一个人学识越渊博，他通常就会越谦逊。Themore.the more.：'为固定句型，意为 “越就越”。5. (2015 浙江卷 Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way.解析：句意：多年以来，简的外祖母本来想写一本儿童读物，但 是这样或那样的事情总是阻碍她的计划。in the way妨碍。6. （2015 四JI卷）Brian is gif

4、ted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.解析：句意：Brian在作曲方面很有天赋，他很有可能会成为一 个贝多芬式的人物。本题考查冠词。a Beethoven在此处表示“一个式的人物”。G重点精讲 岸总辞"辞占津矗冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。 英语中的冠 词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个， a和an。a用在辅音开 头的单词前面；an用于以元音开头的单词前。如：a book, an apple。一、不定冠词1 .不定冠词最基本的用法是表示泛指，用在单数可数名词前表 示“某一个”。There

5、 is policeman at the door.2 .不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前，表示“任何，每个”。soldier must obey orders.3 .不定冠词用于第一次出现的单数名词之前。There is box in the room. The box is heavy.4 .不定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等名词前，有 every之意。The car travels at sixty kilometers hour.5用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。He missed the gold medal in the high jump, but he will get second

6、 chance in the long jump.6.用在形容词的比较等级前，表示“一个更的”。If we sit near the front of the bus, we'll have better view.7用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。物质名词或抽象名词仅表示概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词。但如果表示具体的人或事，特别是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面可加不定冠词。I'm certain that his concert this Sunday will be success.8不定冠词用于固定搭配中as a result因止匕，结果 as a

7、rule 通常as a whole 大体上 as a matter of fact 事实上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry 匆忙in a word 总之 in a sense在某种意义上in a way 在某种程度上in a short while 不久keep an eye on 照看，留意pay a visit to 拜访put an end to 结束 once in a while 偶尔once upon a time 从前 all of a sudden 突然be on a diet 节食 have a gift for 在某方面有天赋have/catch a col

8、d 感冒 make a living 谋生have/take a rest 休息 give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车答案： 1.a 2.A 3.a 4.an 5.a 6.a 7.a二、定冠词1 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book.book is very useful.2 用于说话人与听话人都明确知道的人或事物。如：Closewindow, please.3 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the sun, the moon, theearth, the world 等。4 .用于表示方位的名词之前。如： the east, the righ

9、t5用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前，以及对两人或物进行比较时起限制作用的比较级前。如： the first, the tallest, the most important,the taller of the two boys 等。6用于形容词或过去分词之前，使其名词化。如：the young （年轻人）， the wounded （伤员）等。7用于某些专有名词之前。如：the United States, the UnitedNations 等。8 用于江河、海洋、 海峡、 山脉、 群岛、 建筑物等的名词之前。如：the East China Sea东海，the Huai River 淮河。

10、9 用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。 如： The Smiths等。10 用于西洋乐器的名词前。如： play the piano, play the violin 等。11 用于发明物前。如： gunpowder was invented in China.12 用于年代名词前。如：He lived in countryside in1970s.13 用于表示计量单位的名词前。如： by the dozen, by the hour, bythe day, by the yard 等。点拨： 如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如 byweight/height 等。14

11、 the very （正是那一个）， the same （同样的）， the only （唯一的 ）。15 .用在“主语+动词+介词+ the+身体部位名词”结构中。 如：strike sb. on the head打在某人的头上，seize sb. by the collar抓住 某人的衣领，catch sb. by the arm抓住某人的手臂。16 .定冠词the用于固定搭配中make the most/best of 充分利J 用in the end 最后by the way 顺便说一下in the distance 在远处in the way 挡道on the whole 总的来说

12、at the same time 同时on the other hand 另一方面to tell you the truth 说实话for the time being 暂时 on the spot 在现场not in the least 一点也不the other day 前几天take the place of 代替 at the moment 此刻，目前to the point 中肯，切题 in the middle of 在中间all the best 一切顺利答案： 1.The 2.the 11.The 12.the; the三、不定冠词和定冠词的几个注意事项1表示世界上独一无二的事

13、物的名词，如sun, sky, world, moon 等，前面一般用定冠词，但其前有描绘性的修饰语时，用不定冠词。试对比：As is known to all, earth moves around the sun.What bright moon!2 . “a/an+比较级”表示“（众多人或事物中）比更的一 个”，属于泛指；“the+比较级”表示“两者中较为的一个”。“a most+形容词”表示“很，非常”。试比较：This one is too small. Can you show me larger one?Tom is older of the two boys.Part one

14、is most difficult part but not mostdifficult.3 .表示顺序时用“ the+序数词”；表示“再一，又一”时，用 “a/an+序数词”。I have two books. I want to buy third one.We have finished first lesson, and now we will learnsecond.4不定冠词用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐、季节、日期前。有限制性的定语时（即表示某一年的某个季节时），应该用定冠词。表示“某一个星期几”时，用不定冠词。The walk is expected to last all day

15、, so bring packedlunch.He joined army in the spring of 1988.We had very hot summer last year.I happened to meet my classmate Jack on Wednesday.答案： 1.the; a 2.a; the; a; the3 a; the; the 4.a; the; a; a四、零冠词1表示总称的复数名词之前和表示泛指的不可数名词前。如：Children love cartoons. 儿童喜欢卡通影片。Money isn't everything. 金钱不是一切。

16、2表示职位、头衔、称呼的名词，在句中作主语补足语、宾语补足语、 表语、 同位语时不加冠词。如： Mr Smith, head of the group, willplan for the whole trip.3 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前常不用冠词。如： China, Smith等。4表示学科、球类、棋类、语言名称的名词前不用冠词。5 季节、 月份、 星期、 节假日前一般不用冠词。如： on Friday, insummer 等。提示： 季节等被限定性定语修饰时用定冠词；星期前加不定冠词表示“某一个”；中国民间传统节日前常加定冠词。如： in the spring of 1992, a

17、Tuesday in September, the Spring Festival。6一日三餐前通常不用冠词，但前面有描绘性形容词时，加不 定冠词。如：What did you have for breakfast?He had wonderful supper.7 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如： arm in arm （手挽手）；hand in hand （手牵手）； side by side （肩并肩）； day and night （日日夜夜）；young and old （老老少少）； from door to door （挨门挨户）； frombeginning to end

18、（从头到尾）； from morning till night （ 从早到晚）等。8 与 by 连用表示交通方式的名词前；以 and 连接的两个相对的名词连用时。如：knife and fork, by bus, by plane 等。9系动词turn （变成）后的单数名词作表语，用零冠词。如：After graduation from college he turned teacher/became a teacher.10在as/though 引导的部分倒装句中，“零冠词单数名词as/though +主语+谓语”意为“尽管但是”。如：Hero as he is, he has some s

19、hortcomings.11 no such 后的名词不用冠词。如：Everything comes with a price; there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.一切都是有代价的，因为天下没有免费的午餐。12 零冠词用于固定搭配中at present 目前take part in 参加in peace 平静 by chance/accident 碰巧on purpose 故意 on second thoughts 经过重新考虑ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前by law 根据法律by mista

20、ke 由于差错under repair 处于维修中lose heart 灰心out of control 失控 out of work 失业in danger 处于危险之中at risk 有危险答案： 6.a五、 在某些习惯用语中，用还是不用冠词，用哪个冠词，意义不同，有时甚至差别很大，使用时要特别注意。以下是常见的容易混淆 的短语：fat table 进餐at the table在桌子旁in hospital 住院（in the hospital 在医院里by sea乘船（由海路）by the sea在海边on earth 究竟on the earth在地球上；在世上take place 发

21、生take the place of 代替out of question 毫无疑问； 一定（out of the question 不可能on the whole= in general 大体上； 一般地as a whole= altogether 全部地；整体a number of 许多the number of的数 目in front of在（外部的）前面Ijn the front of在（内部的）前面for a moment 一会儿V .一l_for the moment 目刖；暂时be in charge of 负责be in the charge of由负责；在掌管之下in poss

22、ession of 拥有in the possession of 为所有in sight of 能看见I in the sight of 据的见解in place of 代替l.in the place of 在的地方刍针对训燎1 .单句语法填空1. Faced with such_a naughty boy, I was at a loss.2. His room is in a mess, which is_a surprise to me.3. She was born in 1974 and has played _the piano since the age of six.4. I

23、t is out of the_ question to finish a_series of tasks in such a short time.5. All of a_ sudden, he heard_a cry for help.6. The compass was invented inJhe 1820s.7. Robots take _the place of human beings in a way.8. The weather report says a heavy rain is on the way. Pleasebe ready.9. Many a worker ge

24、ts paid by_the hour.10. She had_a pleasant experience on the way home.11. The West Lake is a most beautiful place, so I want to visit it a_ second time.12. The Pacific Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world.13. The house is in the possession of Mr Black, who is an easy-going man.14. It is a

25、must to makejhe most of your spare time.15. On the whole, the meeting wasa great success.n .单句改错1. . Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.countryside前力口 the2. In the Spring Festival, my family and I went to Beijing and had different holiday.different_holiday 前力口 a3. What we h

26、ave learned from the trip is to help, understand and share with others. In word, we have got quite a lot from it在 In 后力口 a4. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.去掉第 1 个 the5. The blog serves as open platform where you can do lots of things. 在open前力口 an6. That

27、day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity a 改为 an7. I was walking to school this morning when I caught a sight of an old woman with a walking stick lying on the ground.关掉 sight 前的 a8. One Monday afternoon, we were playing the basketba

28、ll in the playground when I suddenly slipped and fell over.去掉 basketball前的 the9. Please let me know if it will be OK. Give me call.在 call 前加 a10. Hearing that, I pushed myself harder and began making a rapid progress去掉 a出.语篇填空When I walked down _1 Third Avenue, as _2 rule, I used to look into the wi

29、ndows of 3 old shop that sold old and beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against _4_ windows to get _5_ small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for _6_ long time, but I knew their beauty was still there

30、 beneath their own surface. I even thought they were 7 most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about old people, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when others missed it. I was raised by my grandmother and given _8_ deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well,

31、my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. My grandmother was loved by all _9_ people around her. She was known to be 10_ wise and kind woman, who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnish

32、ed佚去光泽）by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.1. the 2.a 3.an 4.the 5.a 6.a 7.1he 8.a 9.ihe 10.aIV .短文改错One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went to a trip. Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me which she made me a special breakfast. Therefore, I complained about the food she cooked, grandma quiet put down the bowl and went int