高英练习题答案

1、Lesson 2IV Paraphrase1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up. 2

2、. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then the

3、y sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name. 4. A carpenter sits crossleggeed at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.Sitting with his legs crossed

4、 and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round ,there was a frenzied rush of Jews .Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited. 6. .e

5、very one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8.

6、 In a tropical landscape ones eye takes in everything except the human beings.If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.No one would think of organizing cheap trips for

7、the tourists to visit the poor slum areas.10. .for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.life is very hard for ninety percent of the peopleWith hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor

8、 soil11. She accepted her status as an old woman, which is to say as a beast of burden.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community，that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.People with brown sk

9、ins are almost invisible13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms.The Senegales soldiers were wearing readymade khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful wellbuilt bodies14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?How much longer before they turn their

10、guns around and attack us?15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind.Every white man，the onlookers，the officers on their horses and the white NCOsmarching with the black soldiers，had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mindVI. Look up the dictionary an

11、d explain the meaning of the italicized words.1. Wailing a short chant over and over againchant：words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearbynavvy：abbreviation of “navigator”，a British word meaning an unskilled laborer，as on canals，roads，etc3. He stowed it g

12、ratefullyStow：put or hide away in a safe place4. His left leg is warped out of shapewarp：bend，curve，or twist out of shape5. As the Jews live in a self-contained communityself-contained：selfsufficient；having within oneself or itself all that is necessary6. The plough is a wretched wooden thingwretche

13、d：poor in quality，very inferior7. All of them are mummified with age and the sunmummified：thin and withered，looking like a mummy8. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniformsReach-me-down：(British colloquialism)second-hand or ready-made clothing9. So had the officers on their s

14、weating chargerscharger：a horse ridden in battle or on paradeLesson 3IV. Paraphrase1. And it is an activity only of humansAnd conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings(Animals and birds are not capable of conversation) 2. Conversation is not for making a point.Conversation i

15、s not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view3. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.In fact, a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view 4. Bar friends are not deeply

16、 involved in each others lives.People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each others lives5. .it could still go ignorantly on.The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong6. There

17、 are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eatwe call their meat beef7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own la

18、nguage.The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers8. English had come royally into its own.The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more9. The phrase has always been used

19、 a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes.The phrase，the Kings English，has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people10. The rebellion against a cultural dom

20、inance is still there.There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class11. There is always a great danger that “words will harden into things for us”.There is always a great danger that we might forget that wo

21、rds are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to representFor example，the word “dog” is a symbol representing a kind of animalWe mustnt regard the word “dog” as being the animal itself12. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the Kings English slips and slides in conve

22、rsation.Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard，formal English all the time in their conversationVI Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized idiomatic phrase1. Their marriage may be on the rockson the rocks： metaphor，comparing a marriage to a ship wreck

23、ed on the rocks2. They got out of bed on the wrong sideget out of bed on the wrong side：be in a bad temper for the day (The meaning is perhaps derived from the expression “You got out of bed the wrong way” It was an ancient superstition that it was unlucky to set the left foot on the ground first on

24、 getting out of bed)3. The conversation was on wingson wings：metaphor，comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring It means the conversation soon became spirited and exciting4. The Norman lords of course turned up their noses at itturn up ones nose at：scorn；show scorn for5. We ought to think

25、ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasantinto the shoes： metaphor(or more appropriately an idiomatic expression)， think as if one were wearing the shoes of the Saxon peasant, i.e. As if one were a Saxon peasant English had come royally into its owncome into ones own：receive what properly be

26、longs to one, especially acclaim or recognition.6. We sit up at the vividness of the phrasesit up at：become suddenly alert and take notice ofLesson 4IV. Paraphrase1. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe Our ancestors fought a revolut

27、ionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world. 2. This much we pledge - and more.This much we promise to do a

28、nd we promise to do more.3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. We will not allow

29、 any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.5. our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peaceThe United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of

30、 war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.6. to enlarge the area in which its writ may runWe pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate (授权，正式命令) would continue to be in effect or in force. 7. before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by scienc

31、e engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destructionBefore the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelming mankind before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place 8. yet both racing to alter that uncertain bal

32、ance of terror that stays the hand of mankinds final war Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankinds final war.9. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civil

33、ity is not a sign of weaknessSo let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate)and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.10. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do

34、 for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do. 11. each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their countrys cause). 12. With

35、a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love Let history finally judge whether we have done our task well or not, but our sure reward will be a good conscience for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our abil

36、ity.VI. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words.1. the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago set down or impose2. for man holds in his mortal hands the power of man (as a being who must eventually die) ; causing death 3. is s

37、till at issue around the globe in dispute; still to be decided 4. disciplined by a hard and bitter peace received training that developed self-control and character5. to which we are committed today bound by promise, pledged6. to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights Abolishing7.

38、we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder at odds: in disagreement ; quarreling split asunder : split apart8. to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny iron: cruel; merciless9. struggling to break the bonds of mass misery bounds: chains; fetters10. to prevent it from becoming m

39、erely a forum for invective a violent verbal attack; strong criticism, insults, curses, etc.11. to enlarge the area in which its writ may runwrit : (archaic) a formal written document ; specifically, a legal instrument in letter form issued under seal in the name of the English monarch from AngloSax

40、on times to declare its grants，wishes and commands(Here it refers to the United Nations Charter) run：continue in effect or force12. that stays the hand of mankinds final war stays：restrains13. tap the ocean depths tap：draw upon or make use of14. not as a call to bear arms but a call to bear the burd

41、en of a long twilight struggle bear：take on；sustainXIII. The following sentences all contain metaphors.1. But we shall not always expect . to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. 2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot b

42、ecome the prey of hostile powers.3. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.4. we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak 5. And if a beachhead of

43、 cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion6. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.Lesson 7IV. Paraphrase 1. boy and man, I had been through it often beforeAs a bo

44、y and later when I was a grown-up man, I had often traveled through the region. 2. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was. 3. it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre an

45、d depressing jokeThis dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke. 4. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerab

46、le mills in this region.5. They have taken as their model a brick set on end. The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright.6. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, lo

47、w-pitched roof. These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.7. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes

48、on the color of a rotten egg.8. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.9. I award this championship only after laborious researc

49、h and incessant prayer.I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.10. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical.When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is s

50、o fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.11. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.12. On c

51、ertain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the uglyPeople in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful. 13. They meet in some unfathomable way

52、, its obscure and unintelligible demands.These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind. 14. they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it

53、They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.15. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth. From the intermingling of different nationalities and

54、 races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth.VI. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words.1. coming out of Pittsburgh on one of the expresses of the Pennsylvania Railroad a fast, direct train, making few stops 2.

55、 I rolled eastward for an hour travel in a wheeled vehicle (here an express train)3. the sheer revolting monstrousness disgusting 4. somewhere further down the line railway line5. from the Pittsburgh suburbs to the Greensburg yardsa railway center where trains are made up, serviced, switched from tr

56、ack to track, etc.6. they are streaked in grimemarked with streaks (a line or long, thin mark) 布满条纹7. and it is still sightly pleasant to the sight 悦目8. Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, Godforsaken villagespullman：a railroad car with private compartments or seats that can be mad

57、e up into berths for sleepingIt is socalled after the USinventor，George.MPullmanWhirled: travel quickly9. save perhaps in the more putrid parts of England except, but10. it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passionyield：surrender，give into .border upon：be like，almost be11. the pul

58、l is always toward ugliness drawing force, appeal12. On certain levels of the American raceposition, elevation, or rank considered as one of the planes in a scale of values13. It is impossible to put down the wallpaper to mere inadvertence attribute (to)14. by putting a completely impossible penthouse not capable of being endured, used, agreed to, etc., be