叉车安全装卸基本知识

1、Stakeholders people to considerLEED1110 Exploring Social Enterprise东莞电工培训 http:/ Entrepreneurs have a vision but there are some constraints: What is a stakeholder? Why and how do they impact on an enterprise? Who are the stakeholders?It is not just your business Stakeholder Definitions “Any group or

2、 individual that can affect, or is affected by, the performance of the organisation” (Freeman 1984) “Individuals or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organisation depends.” (Johnson & Scholes 1999) “The firm is a system of stakeholders oper

3、ating within the larger system of the host society that provides the necessary legal and market infrastructure for the firms activities.” (Clarkson, 1994)Tensions & PullsCorporate Governance Who should the organisation serve? How should purposes be determined? Shareholders Whom does the organisa

4、tion serve? Your Enterprise Mission ObjectivesEthical Aims Which purposes should be prioritised and why?Cultural context Which purposes are prioritised and why?Should enterprises know about Stakeholders? Failure to account for stakeholders often leads to poor performance, failure or even disaster Nu

5、tt (2002) analysis of 400 strategic decisions half failed because didnt attend to interests and information held by key stakeholders. Enterprises may start local but may be connected regionally, nationally and internationally Things change markets, transport, people, regulations.Stakeholder Groups P

6、rimary stakeholders shareholders, investors, employees, contractors, customers and suppliers Secondary stakeholders media, action groups, government agencies, trade unions, regulatory authorities, those who influence or affect, or are influenced or affected by the enterprise Different Types of Stake

7、holdersSecondary social stakeholdersSecondary non-social stakeholdersPrimary social stakeholdersPrimary non-social stakeholdersEmployeesNatural EnvironmentEnterpriseNon- human speciesFuture generationsInvestorsCustomersSuppliersLocal communitiesGovernmentSocial pressure groupsTrade UnionsCompetitors

8、Media and commentatorsEnvironmental pressure groupsAnimal pressure welfare groupsManaging your enterprise Identify stakeholders and identify key individuals Identify the orientation of different stakeholders Establish political priorities and trends in the political environment Assess the strength o

9、f the stakeholder influence on the company behaviour Evaluate stakeholder attitudes towards the business mission, strategies, activities Identify potential strategies to influence the perceptions of individual stakeholders Win over antagonistic stakeholdersStakeholder Mapping The Matrix Level of int

10、erestLowLowHighHighPowerA BMinimal Effort Keep informedC DKeep satisfied Key playersThe Definition of Power The extent to which individuals or groups are able to persuade, induce or coerce others into following certain courses of action. (Johnson & Scholes 1999)Group Task: Start Stakeholder Mapp

11、ingDivide into groups of fiveYou are launching a new product / service Step 1: Who are the interested parties Step 2: Plot stakeholders in terms of their level and nature of interest and power on the Flipchart Step 3: Who needs your immediate attention and why Step 4: How will you keep them happy?Pr

12、oducts / Service Your choice Coffee Shop on the ground floor of the Henry Price residence Headingley Community Transport cycles when you want them Nature reserve on Woodhouse MoorInnovation and Me Innovation is generally seen as positive Negative perceptions, tend to focus on constraints and risksKe

13、y words linked to innovation: different, creative, particular / new ways of working, advances in technology, people driven, reward, risk, flexible, efficiency gains, developmental, culture of innovation.Social Innovation in public and private sector Private sector innovation is often contained withi

14、n a single enterprise or cost centre Public sector systems are likely to be more open and more complex. The public sector operates generally under a regulated framework, which may limit scope for innovation. But in both arenas:A mix of people and skills are needed. One innovative project does not eq

15、uate to an innovative culture. A thorough understanding of customers needs is essential. Celebrating success feeds back into and reinforces innovation. innovation is perhaps more challenging in the public sector. Innovation and MeWhere do I fit with these ideas. Testing enterprising potential GET te

16、sthttp:/ a go and then write in your log books about the outcomes, and how you feel about it. There is an extensive literature about the GET test, remember its value is to help you sort out how you think about enterprise and getting involved. References Clarkson, M.B.E. (1994). A Risk Based Model of Stakeholder Theory. The Centre for Corporate Social Performance and Ethics. University of Toronto. Freeman R.E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stak