Units11-12语法动词语态及练习

1、1. 1.注意短语动词的被动语态注意短语动词的被动语态, ,介副词不能丢介副词不能丢 1) The old man was often laughed at.1) The old man was often laughed at. 2)The plan will be given up. 2)The plan will be given up. 3)The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 3)The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.2.g

2、et+2.get+过去分词可以表示被动过去分词可以表示被动, ,此结构比较口语化此结构比较口语化 1)The patient got treated once a week.1)The patient got treated once a week. 2)He got paid in the company by the hour. 2)He got paid in the company by the hour.3. 3.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义系动词系动词look, sound, feel, smell, look, sound, feel, smell, taste, a

3、ppear, seem,go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, taste, appear, seem,go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep+grow, keep+形容词形容词/ /名词构成系表结构名词构成系表结构. 1)The steel feels cold. . 1)The steel feels cold. 2)It has gone bad. 3)Food can keep fresh in a fridge.2)It has gone bad. 3)Food can ke

4、ep fresh in a fridge.1.The cake _ very sweet. Look! The child is tasting the cake 1.The cake _ very sweet. Look! The child is tasting the cake _._.A.tastes, carefully B.is tasted, carefully C.tastes, careful A.tastes, carefully B.is tasted, carefully C.tastes, careful D.is tasted, carefulD.is tasted

5、, careful2.As it happened, their plan _ to be wrong.2.As it happened, their plan _ to be wrong.A.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.proveA.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.proveA AA A(2)(2)表示开始表示开始, ,结束结束, ,运动的动词运动的动词, ,如如begin, finish, start,begin, finish, start,open, close, stop, end, shut,run,m

6、oveopen, close, stop, end, shut,run,move等等1)Work began at 7 oclock this morning.1)Work began at 7 oclock this morning.2)The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.2)The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.1.Because the clothes shop _, all the clothes are sold at 1.Because the clothes shop _, all the clothes ar

7、e sold at half price.half price.A.is closing B.has closed C,closed D.will closeA.is closing B.has closed C,closed D.will close2.Come and help ! The window _.2.Come and help ! The window _.A.isnt opened B.wont open A.isnt opened B.wont open C.doesnt open D.not openC.doesnt open D.not openA AB B(3)(3)

8、表示主语的某种属性特征的动词表示主语的某种属性特征的动词. .如如read, write,act, read, write,act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear,open, cook, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear,open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink. lock, shut, dry, eat, drink.这类动词一般不单独使用这类动词一般不单独使用, , 常有一个修饰语常有一个修饰语 1)This coat 1)This coat dri

9、es easilydries easily. . 2)Nylon 2)Nylon cleans easilycleans easily. . 3)The door wont 3)The door wont locklock. . 4)His new pen 4)His new pen writes smoothlywrites smoothly. . 5)Your speech 5)Your speech reads wellreads well. . 6)The material has 6)The material has worn thinworn thin. . 7)The book

10、7)The book sells wellsells well. . 8)The bolt（门闩）（门闩） wont catch（钩住）（钩住）. 9)The plan worked out wonderfully. 10)The engine wont start. 11)The cloth washes well.(4)(4)少数动词用于进行时少数动词用于进行时, ,其主动形式表示被动含义其主动形式表示被动含义, , 如如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make.print, cook, fry, hang, build, make. The books ar

11、e printing. The books are printing. The meat is cooking. The meat is cooking.( (5)5)介词介词in , on ,underin , on ,under等加名词构成介词短语表示被动意义等加名词构成介词短语表示被动意义. .表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用, ,含被动之意含被动之意, ,其其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式, ,名词前一般不用名词前一般不用冠词冠词. .常见的有常见的有: : under control, under trea

12、tment, under repair, under under control, under treatment, under repair, under discussion, under construction, beyond beliefdiscussion, under construction, beyond belief难以置难以置信信, beyond ones control ,beyond ones reach, , beyond ones control ,beyond ones reach, beyond our hope, for sale beyond our ho

13、pe, for sale 待售，出售待售，出售 ， for rent,for rent,in print, in sight =can be seen, on sale in sight =can be seen, on sale 减价减价, , 上市，在销售上市，在销售on on showshow展出展出, on trial , on trial 试用试用 , , out of control, out of sight, out of control, out of sight, out of ones reach, out of fashion/ in fashion out of on

14、es reach, out of fashion/ in fashion 1)The rumor is beyond belief.(=cant be believed) 1)The rumor is beyond belief.(=cant be believed) 2)That house is for sale.(=that house is to be sold.) 2)That house is for sale.(=that house is to be sold.) 4. “4. “被动被动”表示主动的含义表示主动的含义, ,其实严格地讲这已是系表结构其实严格地讲这已是系表结构

15、be determined, be pleased, be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be occupied (in/with) , be graduated (from), be occupied (in/with) , be finished, be prepared (for), be finished, be prepared (for), get married, be devoted (to), get married, be devoted (to), 1)He He is graduatedis graduated

16、 from a famous university. from a famous university. 2)He 2)He got marriedgot married to a rich girl. to a rich girl. 3) I 3) I am determinedam determined to catch up with my classmates to catch up with my classmates in my maths study. in my maths study. 4) She 4) She is occupiedis occupied in colle

17、cting stamps(with the stamps). in collecting stamps(with the stamps). 5) My father 5) My father is devotedis devoted to his work all his life. to his work all his life.5. 5.若宾语补足语是不带若宾语补足语是不带to to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，的不定式，变为被动语态时， 该不定式前要加该不定式前要加“to”to”。此类动词为感官动词和使役动。此类动词为感官动词和使役动词词. .feel, hear, help, list

18、en to, look at, make, observe, see, feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch , make, notice, watch , make, have, let have, let , , 这两个一般不用于被动语态这两个一般不用于被动语态 1)He was seen to play football on the playground.He was seen to play football on the playground. 2)I was made to

19、drink the whole glass of beer. 2)I was made to drink the whole glass of beer. 3)He lets me swim. I am allowed to swim. 3)He lets me swim. I am allowed to swim.6. 6.不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语 let, fit , have, cost, agree with, arrive at/in,let, fit , have, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, sh

20、ake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to1.He wished to make his sister _ to him, but in the end, 1.He wished to make his sister _ to him, but in the end, he was made

21、 _ to his sister. he was made _ to his sister. A.listen, listen B.to listen , listen A.listen, listen B.to listen , listen C.to listen, to listen D. listen, to listen C.to listen, to listen D. listen, to listenD D 1)The key just fits the lock. 1)The key just fits the lock. 2)Your story agrees with w

22、hat has already been heard. 2)Your story agrees with what has already been heard.7. 7. 系动词无被动语态：系动词无被动语态： appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn sound, stay, tast

23、e, turn It sounds good.It sounds good.8. 8. 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词， 不能用于被动语态：不能用于被动语态： die adie a death, dream a death, dream a dream, dream, live a live a life fight a life fight a battle battle1)She dreamed a bad dream last night.1)She dreamed a bad dream last night. 2)We live a

24、 happy life now. 2)We live a happy life now. 3)They fought a fierce battle that night. 3)They fought a fierce battle that night.9. 9. 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 ( (对对) She likes to swim.) She likes to swim. ( (错错) To swim is liked by her.) To swim is liked by her.10.表据信，相信的词组，常用被动语态表据信，相信的

25、词组，常用被动语态 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that 据说据说 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It is believed that大家相信大家相信 It is hoped that大家希望大家希望 It is well known that 众所周知众所周知 It is thought that大家认为大家认为 It is suggested that据建议据建议 It is taken for

26、granted that 被视为被视为当然当然 It has been decided that 大家决定大家决定 It must be remembered that务必记住的是务必记住的是 It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on TuesdayIt is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday1. 1.After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment_After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot o

27、f equipment_ A.is damaged B. had damaged A.is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged C. damaged D. was damaged2. 2._my sister three times today but her line was always _my sister three times today but her line was always busy.busy. A.Id phoned B. I ve been phoning A.Id phoned B. I ve been

28、phoning C.I ve phoned D. I was phoning C.I ve phoned D. I was phoning3. 3.In the last few years, a few more theme parks _ in In the last few years, a few more theme parks _ in our cities. our cities. A.have opened B.had been opened A.have opened B.had been opened C. have been opened D.were opened C.

29、 have been opened D.were opened4.Those books which _ often _well.4.Those books which _ often _well.A.A.are well received; are soldare well received; are soldB.B.are well received; sellare well received; sellC.C.well received; sellwell received; sellD.D.were received; sellwere received; sell5.China s

30、ent up Shenzhou V spaceship into space5.China sent up Shenzhou V spaceship into spacesuccessfully, which shows science and technologysuccessfully, which shows science and technology_rapidly in China._rapidly in China.A.A.have been developinghave been developingB.B.developsdevelopsC.C.is developingis

31、 developingD.D.has developedhas developed6.With the development of science, more new technology6.With the development of science, more new technology _to the fields of IT. _to the fields of IT. A. has introduced B. is being introduced A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was

32、introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced 7. 7. -why is the librarian looking so hard at me? -why is the librarian looking so hard at me? -you _ to read aloud in the reading room. -you _ to read aloud in the reading room.A.A.dont suppose B. havent supposeddont suppose B. havent supposedC. are no

33、t supposed D. are not supposingC. are not supposed D. are not supposing8. 8.-Peter , you _the window quickly, will you?-Peter , you _the window quickly, will you?-OK! Oh! The window_ broken.-OK! Oh! The window_ broken.A.A.shut; is B. will shut; has beenshut; is B. will shut; has beenC. are shutting;

34、 was D. have shut; hasC. are shutting; was D. have shut; has9. 9.-Look! What a mistake! Why?-Look! What a mistake! Why? -sorry, I _ on it. -sorry, I _ on it.A. dont concentrateA. dont concentrateB. hadnt concentratedB. hadnt concentratedC. hadnt been concentratingC. hadnt been concentratingD. wasnt

35、concentratingD. wasnt concentrating10.10.The heros story_ differently in the newspapers.The heros story_ differently in the newspapers.A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reportedA. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported11.-when will you go for a picnic?11.-when will you go

36、for a picnic? -we _ until the weather picks up a bit. -we _ until the weather picks up a bit.A.A.wait B. are waiting C. have waited D. waitedwait B. are waiting C. have waited D. waited12.12.He _ he would be able to leave tomorrow, but nowHe _ he would be able to leave tomorrow, but now its beginnin

37、g to look difficult. its beginning to look difficult.A. hopes B. hoped C. had hoped D. was hopingA. hopes B. hoped C. had hoped D. was hoping13.13.The right answers can be obtained only if the rightThe right answers can be obtained only if the right questions_. questions_.A. have asked B. asked C. t

38、o be asked D. are askedA. have asked B. asked C. to be asked D. are asked14.14.-do you usually watch TV in the evening?-do you usually watch TV in the evening? -I d rather read than watch TV; it seems that the -I d rather read than watch TV; it seems that the programmes_ worse all the time. programm

39、es_ worse all the time.A. were getting B. have got C. are getting D. gotA. were getting B. have got C. are getting D. got15.15. -we should pay more attention to these -we should pay more attention to these social problems and take care of the children. social problems and take care of the children.

40、-nothing wrong, but I mean actions _louder -nothing wrong, but I mean actions _louder than words. than words. A. are speaking B. will speak A. are speaking B. will speak C. have spoken D. speak C. have spoken D. speak16.16.Long ago, the CLA and the other US intelligenceLong ago, the CLA and the othe

41、r US intelligence Officials concluded that Bin Laden _ the day-to-day Officials concluded that Bin Laden _ the day-to-day leader of the terrorist organization he founded over leader of the terrorist organization he founded over 10 years ago. 10 years ago. A. was stopped being B. had stopped to be A.

42、 was stopped being B. had stopped to be C. have stopped being D. had stopped being C. have stopped being D. had stopped being17.17. clothes made of this material_ comfortably, clothes made of this material_ comfortably, but_ easily. but_ easily. A. wear; arent washed A. wear; arent washed B. are wor

43、n; dont wash B. are worn; dont wash C. wear; dont wash C. wear; dont wash D. are worn; arent washed D. are worn; arent washed18.18.Have you brought your ID card?Have you brought your ID card? My poor memory! I_ of it before leaving home. My poor memory! I_ of it before leaving home. A. had reminded

44、B. have reminded A. had reminded B. have reminded C. had been reminded D. have been reminded C. had been reminded D. have been reminded19.19.We were going to the party immediately we _.We were going to the party immediately we _. A. finished what we did B. finished what we were doing A. finished what we did B. finished what we were doing C. could finish we were doing D. finish what we did C. could finish we were doing D. finish what we did20.20.According to the art dealer, the painting_ to go According to the art dealer, the painting_ to go for at least a mi