高考英语二轮专题语法总复习-时态语态(共11页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上时态构成（主动）（被动）常见搭配词一般现在时do/doesis +doneevery day, every year, often, usually一般过去时didwas+donelast year, last Friday, in the past, two days ago, just now，in1996现在进行时is doing is being +donenow, at present, this week, these days过去进行时was doingwas+being doneat 8 yesterday, at this time yesterda

2、y,含when he came in 等的主句将来进行时will be doing(will be being +done)at 8 tomorrow, at this time tomorrow, 含when he arrives in sp 等的主句现在完成时have done(would be being +done)by now, up to now, up till now, so far. for+时间段，次数等in the last/past +时间段This is the +次数+that 从句；This is +最高级+that从句含since +过去时间的主句。5. alr

3、eady,yet( ),recently, just, this morning, this year，ever，never等过去完成时had donehad been+done1.by+过去的时间，时间段+before，before+过去的时间点， had hardly donewhen; had no sooner donethan等。）2.had hoped, had planned等表过去没有实现的计划打算希望等。一般将来时will dois going to dowill be+doneis going to be+donenext year,2 hours later, When

4、he comes back, in+时间段过去将来时would do was going to dowould be+donewas going to be +donethe next day等现在完成进行时have been doing 无被动1.含since +过去时间的主句。2.in the last/past +时间段3.all morning ,all night，all these days等2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品时态和语态时态用法例句一般现在时现在经常动作/现状/客观真理*时间条件状语从句表将来/固定时刻表将要发生的动作.He gets up early eve

5、ry day.Chen Wei likes English.Time is money.*If you come tomorrow, Ill tell you .The planes arrives at 2.一般过去时过去的经常动作/过去先后发生的动作/过去的状态。*先前不知道的，先前没有估计到的事情或He went to school on foot when he was young.He stayed there for a month and came back.Oh, its you! I didnt know you were here.现在进行时现在正在进行的动作；或者现阶段一

6、直在进行的动作；逐渐进行，强烈感情色彩;* 表将来We re having a class now.We are reviewing grammar these days.Its getting warmer and warmer.He is forever working.He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.过去进行时过去某个时刻点正在进行、过去某时间段一直在进行的动作。*某人正在做某事，另一事情突然发生When sb+saw/arrived/came,另一人正在做某事He was watching TV at 8a.m yesterday.They wer

7、e building a bridge last winter, but I dont know if it is completed.*When he was riding a bike ,he fell down.When we saw him, he was singing.将来进行时将来某个时刻点正在进行的动作或将来某个时间段一直会进行的动作.*含when he arrives in sp 等的主句He will be having a meeting at this time tomorrow.Well climb the mountain all next week.When yo

8、u arrive there, we will be waiting for you.一般将来时现在之后将要发生的动作或存在的状态。*将来时的表示法有几种：is going to will do（各种人称）/shall do（一般仅用于第一人称）be to dobe doing :表示近期计划或一些方向移动的动词（come ,go,leave,arrive等）do/does：按固定时刻表将要发生的动作。He will/ is going to visit me tomorrow.The chairman is to visit America next month.The train leav

9、es at 8;lets hurry.We are spending a holiday in Hainan next week.注意:will/be going to de 区别1.含时间条件状语从句的主句，只用_2.客观将来,用_3.话语前的将来用_,说话时的将来用_4.迹象表明的将来用_注意：时间，条件，让步状语从句中用现在时表将来。I dont know when he _(come). But when he _(come), she _(call)me.过去将来时过去某个时间或动作之后将要发生的事情。注意：was going to 可以表示_,相当于_.She said she w

10、ould come the next day.He was about to go out when it began to rain.He was leaving when it began to rain.He was going to help me ,but he was too busy.现在完成进行时动作从过去开始一直延续到现在刚刚结束；或是还将延续下去。Youve come at last! Ive been waiting for you for 3 hours.Why are you so tired?-Ive been cleaning the house all the

11、morning.People have been taking vitamins since last century.现在完成时表示动作到现在为止已经完成，并对现在仍然有影响。也可以表示动作过去开始一直延续到现在或是状态一直延续到现在（部分延续性单词，如：study ,work, teach, live用现在完成时和现在完成进行时没有区别。）注意事项：1.短暂性动词的肯定形式不能与时间段搭配。如句中有时间段，必须把句子中的短暂动词改为延续性动词。如果没有相应的延续性动词，就将句子时间段改为时间点，时态改为过去时。注意事项：2.某些短暂性动词要是与时间段搭配要改成相应的状态动词。注意事项：3.

12、has been to_ has gone to_注意事项：He has come.I have had the camera for 3 years.I havent seen him since then.We have studied here for more than one year.=We have been studying here for。By now ,we have learned 3000 words.He has visited Beijing many times.They have been studying a medicine to cure cancer

13、in the past ten years, maybe they will succeed soon.This is the first time I have come to Beijing.It is the best film I have ever seen.I havent seen him since he left here.He has been doing my job since I fell ill.但是:It is/has been+时间段+since 从句It is /has been 6 years since I came to Zhuzhou.Has he c

14、ome back yet?-Yes ,he has (already come back.)注意事项：1.Eg: I have received the letter for 2 days.- He has died for 2 years.-注意事项：2die_ join the army_ get up_ come _ go/leave _ buy_borrow_ get married_ fall asleep_ lose work_ lose touch_ 注意事项：3.He_ Shanghai, I dont know when he will come back.He _Shang

15、hai 3times ,so he is very familiar with it. 过去完成时过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情。即过去的过去注意：用过去完成时还可以表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图。常用动词有：hope，think，expect，intend，mean，suppose，want等。 *She said she had never seen a foreign film before.By then they had learned 3000 words.By the time we arrived he had finished the task.He had done

16、it 3 years before.He had done it before last Friday.When we got to the station, the train had left.We had hardly received his call when we got down to doing it.。They had wanted to help but couldnt get here in time.=They wanted to have helped 被动语态：情态动词的语态（以must为例）形式主动被动一般式进行式完成式翻译：这个工作必须马上完成。_变疑问句_变否

17、定句_注：一、被动用法注意事项：1.带双宾语的主动结构的句子，或含名词的短语后接宾语的句子。She teaches us English.We should pay attentiong to spelling./We must make use of time.2.主动语态中不带to的不定式做宾补时变被动必须带上to.We made him work.alone.3.短语动词用于被动语态应该作为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的副词或介词。You can put off the meeting.4.有些及物动词和及物动词短语（多表示静态）不能用于被动语态。如have/own ,cost ,last,l

18、ack ,hold ,fit,agree with等。5.不及物动词没有被动语态。如：happen,take place,appear等。二、必须用主动表被动的情况。1.need ,want,require,(需要，要求)deserve,（应得，值得）be worth,（值得）not bear(经不住)+doing/to be doneMy hair wants cutting/to be cut.2不定式作定语，放在被修饰词的后面，如果句子中出现不定式的逻辑主语，不定式要用主动表被动。I have nothing to do.He is looking for a room to live

19、in.3.形容词后常用不定式的主动表被动。The job is easy to do.4.某些单词特殊的固定用法。You are to blame for the accident.5.联系动词没有被动语态。The theory proved true./The theory was proved by him.6.cant/wont 表示由于主语本身出了毛病而“无法”“不能”，且后面动词常为lock,shut,open,act,write,cut,wear等。这些动词常用主动表示被动。It cant move.The door wont open.7.一些动词sell,wash,clean/

20、cook/drive/cut如果用于表示主语的性质如何，常用主动（后面+well/easily/perfectly等副词）The coat washes easily.The book sells well.三被动语态和系表结构区别。被动语态表主语是动作的承受着，系表结构表主语的特征或状态。Our building is surrounded with trees.Our building is surrounded by enemies.The book is well written .The book is written by Lu Xun.试题汇编1. So far this yea

21、r we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.（2008福建卷）A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen2. The moment I got home, I found I _my jacket on the playground. (2008陕西卷)A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving3. Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area

22、 _invited(2008陕西卷)A. were B. have been C. has been D. was4. Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic_. (2008陕西卷)A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed5. Judy is going to marry the sailor she _in Rome last year. （2008重庆卷）A. meets B. met C. has met D.

23、 would meet6. The telephone _, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. （2008四川卷）A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung7. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ their sales by 20 percent. （全国卷II ）A. will increase B. have been increasingC. have increased D. would be increasing8. Have you

24、 known Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. （2008全国卷1）A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined9. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _each other for years. (2008辽宁卷)A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know10. Have you got any job of

25、fers? No. I _.(2008辽宁卷)A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting11. Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we _such bad luck up till now, and time_ out. （08江西卷）A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run12. I called

26、 Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time! (2008湖南卷)A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked13. Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?Who _ it? （2008北京卷）A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written14.The hote

27、l wasnt particularly good. But I_ _in many worse hotels.（2008北京卷）A .was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed15. Population experts predict that most people _ cities in the near future. (08上海春招)A. live B. would live C. will live D. have lived16. He _as a national hero for winning the first g

28、old medal for his country in the Olympics. （2008重庆） A. regarded B. was regarded C. has regarded D. had been regarded17. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front _to arrive. 08全国卷1）A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected18. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didn

29、t mention _ _when we talked on the phone. （2008江西卷）A. to promote B. having been promotedC. having promoted D. to be promoted19.Do you have any problems if you _ _ this job?Well, Im thinking about the salary(2008湖南卷)A. offer B. will offerC.are offered D.will be offered20. In recent years many footbal

30、l clubs _ as business to make a profit. (2008年上海卷)A. have run B. have been run C. had been run D. will run2009年高考英语试题分类汇编动词时态和语态（09湖南）1. Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited（09福建）2. -Why does the Lake smell terrible

31、? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being pollutedC. has been polluted D. have been polluted（09福建）3. According to the literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes（09福建）4.For a moment no

32、thing happened .Then _ all shouting together .A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come（09湖南）5Would you please keep silent? The weather report_ and I want to listen.A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast（09湖南）6. The food here

33、 is nice enough.My friend _ me a right place.A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing (09安徽)7.Daniels family _ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. A.are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying （09江西）8. At present, one of the apartments in favor

34、of the new airport _ that it will going a lot jobs to the area. A. is B. are C. will be D. were（09江西）9. What is the price of petrol these days? -Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased（09江西）10. -Do you want a lift home? -Its very kind of you, but I

35、have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _.A. doesnt go off B. wont go off C. wasnt going off D. didnt go off（09海南）11. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since.A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard ofC. had not heard of D. has not heard of（09山东）12.

36、 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been（09山东）13. I was out of town at the time, so I dont know exactly how it _. A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened（09陕西）14. Dr. Smith, together with his wif

37、e and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to（09陕西）15. This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen（09上海）16. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets _out.

38、 A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling（09四川）17. Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired（09四川）18. You speak very good French! Thanks. I _ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. stud

39、ied B. study C. was studying D. had studied（09浙江）19 What do you think of the movie? Its fantastic. The only pity is that I _ the beginning of it.A missed B. had missed C. missD. would miss（09浙江）Over the past decades , sea ice _ in the Arctic as a result of global warming .A. had decreased B. decreas

40、ed C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing （09重庆）20 . She stared at the painting, wondering where she _ _it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen（09重庆）21. Ive got to go now. Must you? I_you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking（09重庆）22.Professor Williams

41、 keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated.A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged（09全国2 ）23. Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be（09江苏）24. The population of Jiangsu _

42、to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.A. has grownB. have grown C. grew D. are growing（09江苏）25.- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?- Sorry. .A. It s repaired B.It has been repairedC. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired（09江

43、苏）26. - Ann is in hospital.- Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her.A. didnt; am going to B. dont; wouldC. dont; will D. didnt; will (天津09)27. My parents _ in Hong Kong . They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.A.live B . Lived C. were living D. will live (辽宁09)28. My parents hav

44、e promised to come to see me before I _ for Africa.A.have left B. leave C. left D .will leave(辽宁09 )29.Excuse me ,Marcia ,a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day .Could you speak to her now?A. phones B. has phonedC. has been phoning D. phoned（09北京）30. The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their

45、 evaluation of the service A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated31.(09北京)When I talked with my grandma on the phone ,she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up , her voice had been full of life.A. were hangingB. had hungC. hung D. would hung （09湖南）32When he the door, he found

46、his keys were nowhere.A. would openB. openedC. had openedD. was to open (09全国I )33. Edward ,you play so well .But I _ you played the piano.A. didnt know B. hadnt known C. dont know D. havent known (上海09 )34. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch any unattended bagA.

47、had always been warned B.were always being warned Care always warning D. always warned(10上海）28. Every few years, the coal workers_their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finis

48、hed. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored（10福建）28. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promisedD. have been promised 31. Guess what, weve got our visa

49、s for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.-How nice! You_a different culture then. A. will be experiencingB. have experiencedC. have been experiencingD. will have experienced（10安徽）28. -Were you surprised by the ending of the film? -No, I _the book, so I already knew the story? A. was reading B.

50、 had read C. am reading D. have read 34. -Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming（10湖南）24. This coastal area_a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named

51、C. is named D. names27. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone_ it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 31. I walked slowly through the market, where people_all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold34. Im tired out. . I_all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopp