海上事故调查

1、Marine Accident Investigation海事调查海事调查1Introducton基本介绍2Report报告34 Handling of Accidents处理Investigation调查什么是海事？ 广义上的海事，泛指航运（海事事务）和海上的一切相 关事项，如航海、造船、验船、海事海商法、海损事故处理等。 狭义上的海事，仅指指船舶在海上航行或停泊时所发生的事故。海事包括哪些？碰撞、触碰或浪损碰撞、触碰或浪损collision, strike or damage by waves触礁或搁浅hitting hidden rocks or running aground火灾或爆炸

2、fire or explosion沉没sinking在航行中发生影响适航性能的机件或重要属具的损坏或灭失damage or loss of machinery parts or important tools during a voyagewhich affects the vessels seaworthiness其他引起财产损失和人身伤亡的海上交通事故other maritime traffic accidents which cause losses in property andhuman lives船舶、设施发生海上交通事故，必须立即用甚高频电话（VHF-Radiotelephone

3、）、无线电报或其他有效手段向就近港口的港务监督报告。船舶、设施发生海上交通事故，除立即提出扼要报告外，还必须按向海事局提交海上交通事故报告书（Report Concerning Maritime Traffic Accidents ）和必要的文书资料。海上交通事故报告书应当如实写明下列情况：船舶、设施概况和主要性能数据船舶、设施概况和主要性能数据basic conditions of the vessel or installation and the data concerning its main functions船舶、设施所有人或经营人的名称、地址name and address of

4、 the owner or manager of the vessel or installation事故发生的时间和地点when and where the accident happened事故发生时的气象和海况the climatic conditions and the conditions on the sea when the accident happened事故发生的详细经过（碰撞事故应附相对运动示意图）a detailed description of the course of the accident (for a collision, a sketch map illu

5、strating the face-to-face movements shall be attached)损害情况 degree of the damage船舶、设施沉没的，其沉没概位estimated location of sinking in case where the vessel or installation sank在港区水域内发生的海上交通事故，由港区在港区水域内发生的海上交通事故，由港区地的港务监督进行调查。地的港务监督进行调查。在港区水域外发生的海上交通事故，由就近在港区水域外发生的海上交通事故，由就近港口的港务监督或船舶到达的中华人民共和港口的港务监督或船舶到达的中华

6、人民共和国的第一个港口的港务监督进行调查。必要国的第一个港口的港务监督进行调查。必要时，由中华人民共和国港务监督局指定的港时，由中华人民共和国港务监督局指定的港务监督进行调查。务监督进行调查。Harbour superintendency administration shall be responsible for the investigation of the maritime traffic accidents which happen in the waters of their respective harbour areas. The maritime traffic accid

7、ents which happen outside the waters of harbour areas shall be investigated by the harbour superintendency administration of the nearest harbour or that of the vessels first port of arrival in the Peoples Republic of China. The Harbour Superintendency Administration Bureau of the Peoples Republic of

8、 China may designate a harbour superintendency administration to carry out the investigation, if the Bureau deems it necessary根据调查工作的需要，港务监督有权询问有关人员询问有关人员question the persons concerned要求被调查人员提供书面材料和证明demand written material and testimonial form the persons under investigation要求有关当事人提供航海日志、轮机日志、车钟记录、

9、报务日志、航向记录、海图、船舶资料、航行设备仪器的性能以及其他必要的原始文书资料 demand the parties involved to provide logbooks, engine room logs, wheel-bell records, radio operation logs, course records, charts, data of the vessel, functions of the navigation equipment and instruments andother necessary original papers and materials检查船舶

10、、设施及有关设备的证书、人员证书和核实事故发生前船舶的适航状态、设施的技术状态examine certificates of the vessels, installations and the relevantequipment and certificates of the personnel and verify seaworthiness ofthe vessels and technical conditions of the installations before theaccident检查船舶、设施及其货物的损害情况和人员伤亡情况examine the damage to th

11、e vessels, installations and goods andascertain casualties of personne勘查事故现场，搜集有关物证survey the scene of the accident and collect relevant materialevidence对海上交通事故的发生负有责任的人员，港对海上交通事故的发生负有责任的人员，港务监督可以根据其责任的性质和程度依法给务监督可以根据其责任的性质和程度依法给予下列处罚：予下列处罚：（一）对中国籍船员、引航员或设施上的工（一）对中国籍船员、引航员或设施上的工作人员，可以给予警告、罚款或扣留、吊销作人

12、员，可以给予警告、罚款或扣留、吊销职务证书；职务证书；（二）对外国籍船员或设施上的工作人员，（二）对外国籍船员或设施上的工作人员，可以给予警告、罚款或将其过失通报其所属可以给予警告、罚款或将其过失通报其所属国家的主管机关。国家的主管机关。The harbour superintendency administrations may, according to the nature and seriousness of their liabilities, mete out the following penalties according to law to the persons who a

13、re held responsible for the maritimetraffic accidents:(1) warnings, fines, suspension or revocation of their job certificates may be resorted to when the crew, pilots or personnel working on the installations are of Chinese nationality;(2) warnings and fines may be imposed on the crew or the personn

14、el working on the installations who are of foreign nationalities or their faults may be reported to the competent organs of their respective countries.对海上交通事故的发生负有责任的人员及船对海上交通事故的发生负有责任的人员及船舶、设施的所有人或经营人，需要追究其行舶、设施的所有人或经营人，需要追究其行政责任的，由港务监督提交其主管机关或行政责任的，由港务监督提交其主管机关或行政监察机关处理；构成犯罪的，由司法机关政监察机关处理；构成犯罪的，由司

15、法机关依法追究刑事责任。依法追究刑事责任。 If it is necessary to pursue the administrative responsibility of the persons involved, owners or managers of the vessels or installations who are held responsible for the maritime traffic accidents, the harbour superintendency administrations shall submit the cases to their co

16、mpetent organs or the organs in charge of administrative supervision. With respect to persons whose action constitutes a crime, the judicialauthorities shall, in accordance with the law, investigate their criminalresponsibility.根据海上交通事故发生的原因，港务监督可责令有关船舶、设施的所有人、经营人限期加强对所属船舶、设施的安全管理。对拒不加强安全管理或在期限内达不到安

17、全要求的，港务监督有权责令其停航、改航、停止作业，并可采取其他必要的强制性处置措施。The harbour superintendency administration may, in the light of the causesof the maritime traffic accidents, order the owners and managers of the vessels involved or installations involved to strengthen safety control over their vessels or installations with

18、in a time limit. In case of refusal to strengthen safety administration or failure to meet the safety requirements within the said time limit, the harbour superintendency has the right to order the vessels or installations to suspend navigation, change courses or suspend operation and may adopt other necessary compulsory measures.对船舶、设施发生海上交通事故引进的民事对船舶、设施发生海上交通事故引进的民事侵权赔偿纠纷，当事人可以申请港务监督调侵权赔偿纠纷，当事人可以申请港务监督调解。解。调解必须遵循自愿、公平的原则，不得强迫调解必须遵循自愿、公平的原则，不得强迫。If a maritime traffic ac