第八章硬质膜

1、HSS30GPa结合力：结合力：60N5mmWC球，球，40N加载，加载，200mm/s,1小时无明显小时无明显磨损磨损与与TiN比，比，CrTiAlN钻孔钻孔数可多数可多1倍左右倍左右CrTiAlNWorkpiece Material: Plain Carbon Steel (EN9) 190 HVTool: Tungsten Carbide Drills (6.4 mm )CoatingNumber of HolesCrTiAlN328Uncoated 73185rpm (64m/min) & 0.30mm/rev lubricated: 7.5% oil concentrated

2、 water based coolantHoles: Through (19mm deep)Drilling PerformanceCrTiAlNWorkpiece Material: Alloy Steel EN24 363HVTool: High Speed Steel (1/4” drills) Holes: Through (12.6 mm deep)2440rpm (48.7m/min) & 0.11mm/rev & 268mm/min lubrication: 7.5% oil concentrated water based coolantCoatingNumbe

3、r of HolesCrTiAlN232Uncoated 0Drilling PerformanceCrAlTiN Cr/Ti在相当宽范围在相当宽范围 内稳定的硬度、结合力内稳定的硬度、结合力 PoD, 5 mm WC/Co ball, 200 mms-1CrTiAlN Cr/Ti在相当宽范围在相当宽范围 内稳定摩擦磨损性能内稳定摩擦磨损性能 UncoatedCommercial TiNCrTiAlNCrTiAlN+MoSTS1S2S3S4050100150200250300350No. Holes CompletedHV153HV147HV14410413217418320522628834

4、5Hardness(HV) of EN9Test BlockDrilling Speed:4050 rpm, (equivalent to 80m/min) Feed: 945mm/min Conditions: Through hole, 20mmCoolant: Cimstar MB603, 5%, Drill testSamplesOne foldTwo foldThree foldCrAlTiCr Coating Deposition- CFUMSIP - 1 Ti, 1 Al, 2 Cr- Ar- N2 OEM control loopDeposition ProcessCrTiAl

5、N多层膜多层膜复合的方法除多复合的方法除多元外可形成多层，元外可形成多层，层厚可降至纳米，层厚可降至纳米，成为成为纳米调幅结纳米调幅结构。构。TiN/NbN多层多层5nmCrTiAlN 镀程序 CrNCrTiAlNSubstrate 高速钢基体高速钢基体1200 目抛光目抛光Cr bond layer0.2 m Cr底层底层Graded layer0.3 m CrTiAlN梯度层梯度层Nanolayers4 m CrTiAlN多层多层, ,其中其中10nm 15nm, CrN层层 6.0nm25nmQuelle: A: Matthews, University of Hull, UKA. Ma

6、tthews, University of Hull, U.K.Fracture Toughnes of a single- and multi- layer Multilayers with a modulation of elastic moduli hinder the cracks propagation65%Ti，35%Al的TiAlN和WC形成调幅结构，波长为10-20nm在TiN的底层上沉积TiAlN/WC白色为TiAlN黑色WCRenucleation at the incoherent interfaceTiN+AlTiN和CrN+TiN调幅周期与硬度理论曲线Buffer l

7、ayer decreases residual stressBuffer thickness on scratch results摩擦系数和层数关系 多层的摩擦模型Surface and Coatings Technology 163 .164 (2003) 571.577Cr+CrN层薄，磨损量低MonoMulti纳米晶超硬膜纳米晶超硬膜纳米复合纳米复合超硬膜结超硬膜结构示意图构示意图纳米晶与纳米晶与非晶结构非晶结构纳米复合纳米复合TiN晶粒尺寸与硬度关系晶粒尺寸与硬度关系Ti-Cu-N多元膜中Cu%与硬度关系由于形成纳米复合结构，软金属加入也可由于形成纳米复合结构，软金属加入也可提高硬质膜

8、硬度提高硬质膜硬度Grain size vs. Cu% in Ti-Cu-NTiN199719931990PVD Coating Development19851987TiCN, CrNTiAlNWC/C and MoS2C and DLC (new generation)2000TiAlSiN, super-lattice Hard Coatings: (TiN, TiCN, CrN, TiAlN,.)uUses: cutting and forming applicationsuLess efficient : Wear ProtectionuWhy?: High , abrasive d

9、ue to hardness and surface roughnessDLCuProperties: Hard, lower friction. mechanical component applicationsuUses: low since the coatings introductionuProblems:uHardness brittlenessuLow adhesion level load bearing capacity limitedHard coatingsLubricant coatingsMe-CHProperties: Less hard, less brittle

10、, very good adhesion, medium load bearing capacity, low friction ( 0.15).Self-Lubricants Based on MoS2(MoST) and C (Graphit-iC)uWear protection: Necessary to use a true solid lubricant to enable the protection of the opposite surface by formation of a transfer layer. uUses:MoS2: vacuum only, low loaduUses: Graphite: used in most