状语从句重点难点归纳

1、Revision of Revision of ConjunctionsConjunctions连词连词一、概念一、概念 在句子中用来连接两个或两个以上的词、短在句子中用来连接两个或两个以上的词、短语或句子的词，叫连词。语或句子的词，叫连词。 二、分类二、分类1. 按构成形式分类：按构成形式分类： 简单连词：简单连词：and before after but for 关联连词：关联连词：both. and either. or. not. but neither. nor. 分词连词：分词连词：considering that provided that providing that supp

2、ose that supposing that 复合连词：复合连词：as if as though even if even thoughexcept that but that as/so long as 2. 按性质特点分类：按性质特点分类：并列连词和从属连词并列连词和从属连词 并列连词并列连词：用来连接并列的词、短语和句子的连词。主要用来连接并列的词、短语和句子的连词。主要表示两个表示两个分句分句之间的之间的并列关系并列关系、转折关系转折关系、选择关系选择关系和和因果关系因果关系的连词。如的连词。如： 属性属性连接词连接词并列关系并列关系and, not only. but also.,

3、 neither.nor.选择关系选择关系or, either. or., otherwise, or else转折关系转折关系but, while, when, yet, still, however(副词）副词）因果关系因果关系for, so, thus, therefore(副词）副词）从属连词：从属连词： 用来引导从句，一般连接用来引导从句，一般连接主句与从句主句与从句并修饰修饰或说明主句的连词。从属连词通常引导或说明主句的连词。从属连词通常引导名词性从名词性从句句和和状语从句状语从句。引导名词性从句的从属连词有：引导名词性从句的从属连词有：whether/if/that Whethe

4、r we will cancel evening classes depends on the coming education policy.The reason why we will cancel evening classes is that students burdens are overloaded.状语类别状语类别从属连词从属连词时间时间when, whenever, as, while, before, after, till (until), since, ever since, once, as soon as, soon after, the moment, the m

5、inute, immediately等，等，each time, every time, last time, by the time no soonerthan, hardlywhen 地点地点where, wherever原因原因because, as, since, considering/seeing that, now that目的目的so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest结果结果so that, sothat, such that, with the result that条件条件if, unless, as (so

6、) long as, as (far) as, in case, suppose that, supposing that, provided/ providing that, on condition that比较比较as as, not as (so) as, than让步让步though, although, even if, even though, as, however, whatever, whenever, wherever, whoever, whetheror, no matter who/what/which/where/when/whether/how方式方式as, a

7、s if, as though Revision ofthe Adverbial Clauses状语从句状语从句状语从句是八仙；说明主句动作全；状语从句是八仙；说明主句动作全；When八词表时间；八词表时间；If unless说条件。说条件。Because四位找因原；四位找因原；So结果与结果与that连；连；So that目的是以便。目的是以便。As方式照样演；方式照样演；Than比较后和前；比较后和前；Though让步尽管谈。让步尽管谈。Where地点不用谈地点不用谈句子简单句并列句复合句复合句复合句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定

8、语从句状语从句状语从句1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句让步状语从句6. 结果状语从句结果状语从句7. 目的状语从句目的状语从句8. 方式状语从句方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句比较状语从句 九种状语从句九种状语从句 1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句让步状语从句6. 结果状语从句结果状语从句7. 目的状语从句目的状语从句8. 方式状语从句方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句比较状语从句 歌诀助记

9、：歌诀助记：时地原因条状补，时地原因条状补， 目比结果方让步，目比结果方让步， 连词引导各不同；连词引导各不同； 主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走， 连词引导紧随后，连词引导紧随后， 从句若在主前头，从句若在主前头， 主从之间有个逗。主从之间有个逗。 状语是用来修饰状语是用来修饰 词词， 词词， 词词或或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。从属连词从属连词用来连接两个句子、且一

10、个句子从属于另一个句子用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于另一个句子（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从属连词（即从句）的连词。这类连词叫从属连词。从属连词主要用于引导各种状语从句。主要用于引导各种状语从句。动动形容形容副副句子句子九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, after, since, once ,every time, each time, any time, the first/second/last time, by the time, as soon as, t

11、he moment, the minute, the instant, the dayimmediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan , till, until, notuntil 一一.就就.九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 where, wherever because, since, as, for, now that, in that（因为）（因为） considering that, seeing thatif, unless, as(so) l

12、ong as, on condition that, provided that, providing that suppose that supposing that2.地点状语从句地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句条件状语从句状语从句状语从句三要点三要点，时间时间,原因和条件原因和条件;从句如果表从句如果表时间时间，after,before,when常用常用;状语从句表状语从句表原因原因，because一马来当先一马来当先;状语从句表状语从句表条件条件，if 前面来引导前面来引导;主句主句通常通常前面前面走，走，从句紧紧跟在后从句紧紧跟在后。从句从句如在主句前，如

13、在主句前，从句之后加逗点从句之后加逗点。九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 6. 结果状语从句结果状语从句so that, sothat, suchthat so that, in order that, in case, as, as if/as though than, asas, not so/asas, the +比较级比较级, the +比较级比较级7. 目的状语从句目的状语从句8. 方式状语从句方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句比较状语从句5. 让步状语从句让步状语从句although, though, as, even though/even if,

14、 while(虽然）虽然）, no matter +which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whetheror； 用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：并指出是哪种状语从句： 1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be. 3. He talks as

15、if (as though) he knew all about it. 4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him. 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains. 6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.让步让步比较比较方式方式结果结果条件条件 时间时间 7. Where there is water, there is life. 8. He studied hard so that he could

16、catch up with his classmates. 9. Since you are very busy, I wont trouble you. 10. Even if (though) I fail. Ill never lose heart. 11. Once you begin the work, you must continue. 12. Although the sun was shining, it wasnt very warm. 用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：地点地点目的目的原因原因让步让步时间时间让步让步 1、状语从句连词的含义及用法比较；

17、、状语从句连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与与 wh-ever 引导的从句引导的从句 的区别；的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题；、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略问题；、状语从句倒装及省略问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句区别。、状语从句与其它从句区别。问题问题1:1. (04北京春北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before2. (02上海上海) He was about to tell me the sec

18、ret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when3. (05上海上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until4. (05福建福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Bef

19、ore B. when C. thatD. until5. (06辽宁辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. whileA AD DB BB BC C一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句1. when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当当的时候的时候”从句的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。如：谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。如： When the film ended, they

20、 went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. When 常用于下列句式：常用于下列句式： when为为并列连词并列连词意为意为“就在这时就在这时”。 was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen3. when可以表可以表“既然既然”，如：，如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen

21、 to me?注意同一个从属连词的多义性：注意同一个从属连词的多义性：（一）连接词（一）连接词whenwhen的用法小结的用法小结问题问题2:6. (06天津天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while7. (04年江苏年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like th

22、e person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before9. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全国全国) A. so that B. although C. while D. as

23、 ifD DA AC C 1. while引导引导时间状语从句时间状语从句，意为，意为“当当的时候的时候”；从从句的动作必须是句的动作必须是持续性持续性的的，如：，如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while引导引导时间状语从句时间状语从句, 意为：意为：趁趁的情况赶紧做的情况赶紧做 Strike while the iron is hot.3. while引导引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，放于，放于主句之前主句之前，意为，意为“尽管，尽管，虽然虽然”，相当于相当于although While I admit th

24、at the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4.while作为作为并列连词并列连词，意为，意为“而，却而，却”，表示，表示对比对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.（二）连接词（二）连接词while的用法小结的用法小结 1. as可用来引导时间状语，意为可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边一边一边”；随着；随着 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边一边）一边）

25、She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着）（随着） As the day went on, the weather got worse.2. as引导原因状语从句，意为引导原因状语从句，意为“因为、由于因为、由于” As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. 3. as引导让步状语从句（从句必须倒装）意为引导让步状语从句（从句必须倒装）意为“尽

26、管尽管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管）（尽管） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as he might, he wouldnt succeed.（三）连接词（三）连接词as的用法小结的用法小结 注意：注意：as从句通常将从句通常将作表语的作表语的adj/n.、作状语的作状语的adv、 作谓语作谓语的的do(情态动词后的情态动词后的动词原形动词原形)when, while, as这三个连词都

27、可表示这三个连词都可表示“当当的时候的时候”。1) when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如：可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如：When he came in, we were having supper.When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.2) while则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时态。如：中的时态常用进行时态。如： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doo

28、rbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.3) as则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也可表示也可表示“随着随着”。She sang as she walked along.As the election approached, the violence got worse.连接词连接词when, while, as的用法区别：的用法区别：问题问题3:1.Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gav

29、e it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. although2. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C.

30、Hardly had heD. Hardly he had B BC CC C 1the moment, the instant，the minute, the second, the day immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan 这些连词引导时间状语从句，相当于这些连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。的意思。 I came immediately you called me up.2如果如果hardly, scarcely或或no sooner置于句首，主句必须部

31、分倒置于句首，主句必须部分倒装。装。 注意：主句过去完成时，从句一般过去时注意：主句过去完成时，从句一般过去时 Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.the first /second/last time, every time, each time, next time, by the time也可引导时间状语从句，从句一般时态也可引导时间状语从句，从句一般时态The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous.Next time you come, please bri

32、ng your composition.（四）一（四）一.就就.表达法小结：表达法小结：（五）（五）time短语小结短语小结问题问题4:1. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners cu

33、riosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; thenC CD DB B1. until/tilluntil/till从句用于从句用于肯定句主句肯定句主句时，主句的动词是时，主句的动词是延延续性动词续性动词，意

34、为，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。：。： We waited until/till he came. 2. 2. until/till从句从句用于用于否定句主句否定句主句时，主句谓语动词时，主句谓语动词终止性终止性动词动词，意为，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：。如： He wont go to bed until her father returns.3 3tilltill不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而untiluntil可以。如：可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4

35、 4notnotuntiluntil句型的强调句，须将句型的强调句，须将notnot一起提前强调：一起提前强调： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.5. Not until. 放句首强调时，主句部分倒装。放句首强调时，主句部分倒装。 Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.注意：注意：till/until 从句中的谓语动词都是终止性动词从句中的谓语动词都是终止性动词（六）（六）till, until和和notuntil小结小结：问题问题5:1. (03年北京年北京

36、) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. beforeD. as2. (04福建福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when3. (06四川四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meet

37、ing? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after4. (05北京春北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because C CC CA AB B1、含义：、含义：before表示表示“在在之前之前”，但还有如，但还有如下意思下意思1） We had sailed four days and four nights before we

38、saw land. 2） We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3） Please write it down before you forget it.4） Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. “才才” “不到不到就就” “趁趁” “还没来得及还没来得及” （七）连接词（七）连接词before的小结：的小结： 1）It will be/段时间段时间before “要过要过才会才会” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2

39、）It was +时间段时间段+before 从句从句 “过了过了才才” It was three weeks before he came back 3）It will not be 时间段时间段 before“要不了要不了就会就会” It wont be long before she comes back 4）It was not 时间段时间段 before “没过没过就就了了” It wasnt long before he left the country. 5）It is/has been时间段时间段since如：如： It is three years since she was

40、 in the army. It is three years since she joined the army. 注意主从句时态注意主从句时态2 2beforebefore的一些特殊句式的一些特殊句式once引导时间状语从句时含有引导时间状语从句时含有条件意味条件意味，译为译为“一旦一旦”。_ they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.(2010北京北京)AAs BWhile CUntil DOnceThe research program is so desig

41、ned that once started, nothing can stop it.（八）（八）once的用法小结的用法小结1.since引导时间状语从句，自从引导时间状语从句，自从(1)从句常用从句常用一般过去时一般过去时,主句常用主句常用现在完成时或完成现在完成时或完成 进行时进行时。(2)固定句型：固定句型： It is/has been时间时间段段since一般过去一般过去时。时。 若从句谓语动词是若从句谓语动词是延续延续性性的，表示多久没做的，表示多久没做； 若从句谓语动词是若从句谓语动词是短暂短暂性性的，则表示自从做的，则表示自从做多久了多久了 Have you known Dr

42、. Jackson for a long time? Yes，since she _ the Chinese Society. Ahas joined Bjoins Chad joined Djoined（九）Since 用法小结 What was the party like? Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. Aafter Bwhen Cbefore Dsince Do you smoke? _. Its three years since I smoked. AYes，I do BYes，I dont CNo，I dont

43、DNo，I do 问题问题1：1. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重庆卷）重庆卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or3. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story.（2010全国）全国） A.

44、 or B. unless C. but D. whetherA AA AB B unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。二、条件状语从句二、条件状语从句 (1) unless=if . not 除非除非 You will fail unless you study hard. (2) suppose, supposing, providing(that), provided(that), given(that)= if Given that he supports us, well win the election. (3)on conditio

45、n that（假设）（假设）, as long as, so long as = only if （只要）（只要） As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. (4) as(so) far as .（就（就/据据.） So far as I am concerned, Im in favor of “mercy killing”. 就我个人而言，就我个人而言， 我支持安乐死。我支持安乐死。条件状语从句分为条件状语从句分为真实条件句真实条件句和和非真实条件句非真实条件句（用在虚拟语气）。（用在虚拟语气）。注意：在真实条件句中，常用注意：在真

46、实条件句中，常用一般现在时一般现在时或或现在完成时现在完成时代替将来代替将来时。常由下列连词引导条件状语从句：时。常由下列连词引导条件状语从句：if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing (that), provided (that), （假如、倘若）；（假如、倘若）；given (that)如果有如果有in case, on condition that, as long as, so long as, so far as等。等。问题问题2：1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep aw

47、ay from the danger. （04北京春季）北京春季） A. Because B. As far as C. as long as D. Even if 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全国卷全国卷3） Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if B BA A as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而言”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in ca

48、se 表示“以防”。问题问题1： 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏）江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷）湖南卷） A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though A AB B while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导

49、时间状语从句，又可是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可连接并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示连接并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管尽管”。even if 等于等于 even though，表示，表示“即使、尽管即使、尽管”。as though 等于等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似好像、似乎乎”。三、让步状语从句三、让步状语从句1. 由由though, although, as (虽然尽管虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether. or.引导引导.1) Thou

50、gh he is old, yet he is active.2) Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted.3) Proud as/though the nobles are, he is afraid to see me.We wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.4) Whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always welcome.5) Wherever (n

51、o matter where) you work, you can always find time to study.6) Take the one you like best, whichever (no matter which) it is.2. though与与although，不能与，不能与but连用，但可以与连用，但可以与yet, still, nevertheless等连用，用来加强语气。等连用，用来加强语气。Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.3. as引导让步状语从句倒装引导让步状

52、语从句倒装,将从句表语的将从句表语的形容词、名形容词、名词、副词或动词原形词、副词或动词原形放于放于as之前。此外之前。此外however也要也要倒装，将倒装，将however所修饰的所修饰的形容词或副词提前形容词或副词提前。although 不可以倒装，不可以倒装，though可倒可不倒，可倒可不倒，as必倒。必倒。4. whether or 无论无论还是还是Whether sick or well, shes always happy.问题问题2：3. _, he doesnt study well. A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Cle

53、ver as he is D. As clever he is4. You should report any incident, _ serious or minor it is. A. however B. whatever C. whoever D. whichever5. Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when6. _, I have never seen a

54、nyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled to much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I gave traveled to much问题问题3：7. - Dad, Ive finished my assignment. - Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no mat

55、ter8. You can eat food free in my restaurant_ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however9. You should try to get a good nights sleep_ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever10. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A.Howev

56、er the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 11. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.（05天津卷）天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although12. The old tower must be saved, _the cost. 05浙江）浙江

57、） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 13. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like. A. no matter which B. whichever C. no matter what D. whateverno matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。通用。No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.w

58、h-ever又可引导名词性从句，又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如：不能。如：Whoever can help us will be welcome.5.no matter wh- 与与 wh-ever 的联系及区别的联系及区别sothat, suchthat ,so that It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.1)such+ a + adj + 名词（可数名词）名词（可数名词）+ that clause such

59、+（adj）+名词复数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词2)so +adj./adv. +that clause3)so + many/few + 复数名词复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词不可数名词四、结果状语从句四、结果状语从句 The day must be breaking, _ the birds have begun singing. A. because B. as C. for D. sinceso that表示目的还是表示结果？有时看逗号。结果从句表示目的还是表示结果？有时看逗号。结果从句多用逗号隔开。表结果的多用逗号隔开。表结果的so tha

60、t中中that可以省略。可以省略。We arrived early so that we could get good seats.We arrived early, so (that) we got good seats.五、原因状语从句五、原因状语从句1、 because表示事情发生的直接原因或理由，它的语气很强。表示事情发生的直接原因或理由，它的语气很强。 He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.1)回答回答why的提问的提问,必须用必须用because。 Why didnt he come yesterday? _ he