西安外国语学院06外国语言学综合真题

1、北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款欲索取更多考研资料，请上 北京天问教育网站官网！西安外国语学院2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目名称：外国语言学综合（英语语言学433+翻译理论与实践434）（请考生将所有答案写在答题纸上，并标清题号）PART ONEDirections: Select from the lettered choices the one which best completes the statement.选择题，每题1分，共20分）1. By _ we mean Ianguage is resourceful because of its duality and r

2、ecursive ness.a. arbitrari nessb. dualityc. creativity d. displaceme nt2. The most importa nt sociological use of lan guage is thefun cti on, by whichpeople establish and maintain their status in a society.a. performativeb. in terpers onal c. phaticd. metali ngual3. refers to the system of a languag

3、e, i.e. the arrangement of sounds and wordswhich speakers of a lan guage have a shared kno wledge of.a. Lan gueb. Compete neec. Communi cative compete need. Lin guistic pote ntial4. deals with the way in which speech sounds are produced.a. Acoustic phon eticsb. Articulatory phon eticsc. Segme ntal p

4、hono logyd. Suprasegme ntal phono logy5. The vowelis a low back vowel.a. /i:/b. /u/c. /ae/d. /a:/6. refers to the way in which a particular verb changes for tense, person, ornu mber.a. Affixatio nb. I nflectio nc. Derivati ond. Con jugati on7. Words like brun ch, guesstimate are examples of.a. acron

5、ymsb. con tract ionsc. ble ndsd. cohyp onyms8. Lan guage has bee n cha nging, but such cha nges are not so obvious at all li nguisticaspects except that of.a. phono logyb. lexic onc. syn taxd. sema ntics9. refer to the relati on ship that lin guistic un its have with other un its becausethey may occ

6、ur together in a senten ce.a. Syn tagmatic relati onsb. Hypotactic relati ons天问教育1北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款c. paradigmatic relati onsd. Paratactic relati ons10. For structuralists,is one whose distributi on is fun cti on ally equivale nt tothat of one or more of its con stitue nts.a. coord in ate con str

7、uct ionb. subord in ate con struct ionc. en doce ntric con structi ond. exoce ntric con struct ion11. The sentence “dislike such people” can be considered to be.a. markedb. unm arkedc. topic prominentd. content prominent12. Transformational component is one of the components in all the Chomskianmode

8、ls of lan guage except themodel.a. 1965b. 1972c. 1979d. 199513. According to C. Ogden and I. Richards, is regarded as the crucialin termediary betwee nand.a. symbol referent thoughtb. referent thought symbolc. thought symbol referent14. By componential analysis, BECOME (x, (ALIVE(x) is an explanatio

9、n ofa. dieb.deadc. killd. killed3北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款#北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款15. is using a sentence to perform a fun cti on.a. A perlocuti onary actb. An illocuti onary actc. A locuti onary actd. Speech act16. Accord ing to the con versati onal maxim ofsuggested by Grice, one shouldspeak truthfully.a.

10、 qua ntityb. qualityc. releva nee d. manner17. is a figurative use of language which implies a comparison between twoun like eleme nts.a. Simileb. Metaphor c. Metonymy d. Syn ecdoche18. The is a syllabus in which the lan guage content is arran ged in terms ofspeech acts together with the lan guage i

11、tems n eeded for them.a. structural syllabusb. situati onal syllabusc. no ti onal syllabusd. fun cti onal syllabus19. measure how much of a lan guage some one has lear ned with reference to aparticular program of i nstructio n.a. Aptitude testsb. Achieveme nt testsc. Placeme nt testsd. Proficie ncy

12、tests#北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款#北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款20 According totheory, grammar refers to the initial state of the humanlan guage faculty.天问教育#北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款a. Saussuresb. Bloomfield ' c. Chomsky'sd. Halliday'PART TWODirections: Define the following terms.术语解释，每题 6 分，共 30 分）1. Metala

13、 nguage2. Textual function3. Schemata4. Foregro unding5. CALLPART THREE15 分,Directions: Answer four of the following questions.选择 4 个题回答，每题 共60分）1. What are suprasegmental features?2. What is meant by Move a in Universal Grammar?3. What are the major types of synonyms?4. What is register as used in

14、Functional Grammar?5. What do you think of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?6. What is meant by the Critical Period Hypothesis?PART FOURDirections: Comment on any two of the following topics.选择 2 个题论述， 每题20 分，共40分）1. Definitions of Ianguage.2. The relati on ship betwee n Ian guage and culture.The role of

15、native language in second language learning.天问教育5北京天问教育远程考研政治保过不过全额退款PART FIVEAnswer each of the following questions briefly. (60 points)1. What are the prin ciples of tran slati on proposed by Alexa nder F. Tytler?2. What does the unit of tran slati on refer to? How is it releva nt to tran slati on

16、 practice?3. How do you un dersta nd literal tran slatio n and free tran slati on?4. Use two examples to show the syntactic (structural) differences between Chinese andEn glish.5. Kill two birds with one ston e” is gen erally tran slated into 一石二鸟”，一箭双雕"or 一举两得".What is the basic line of t

17、hought underlying each translation?6. What methods are often used to deal with English pronouns in the process ofEn glish-Ch in ese tran slati on?7. What are the con diti ons that may affect the select ion of active and passive forms inChin ese-E nglish tran slati on?8. Based on the following SL sen

18、tence, make critical comments on the Chinese version in terms of sema ntic relati ons.SL: It is a truth uni versally ack no wledged that a sin gle man in possessi on of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.TL:有一个举世公认的道理，即一个有钱的单身汉总想娶位太太。PART SIXTranslate each of the following texts into English. Accuracy, clarity and readability will be major considerations in the marking and scoring process. (90 points)Text A孟子曰：“鱼，我所欲也，熊掌亦我所欲也；二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生亦我所欲也，义亦我所欲也；二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也”。Text B朔方的雪花在纷飞之后，却永远如粉，如沙，它们决不粘连，撒在屋上，地上，枯草上，就 是这样。屋上的雪是早已有消化了的，因为屋里居人的火的温热。别的，在晴天之下，旋风 忽来，便蓬勃地奋飞，在日光中灿灿地生光，如