小学英语复习知识点-复习课(名词、字母、动词)

1、 一、字母表顺序： Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz二、大写字母的作用：1.写句子时，句子中的第一个词的第一个字母要大写。如：Whats this? Its a book.2.专用名词的第一个字母要大写。如：Li Ming, Danny, Jenny, Kim, Beijing, China, Canada, Mr. Mrs. Miss, Class One, Grade Six, Unit One.3.表示“我”的字母“I”无论是首字母还是在句子中间，永远要大写。如：I

2、am a student. You and I are twelve years old.四、英语字母的分类：1. 按字母的类型可以分为：元音字母、辅音字母和半元音字母。在26个字母中Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu是元音字母，Ww和Yy是半元音字母，其他19个字母是辅音字母。2. 按字母的读音分为以下7类：(1)含ei的字母:Aa Hh Jj Kk (2)含i:的字母:Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv (3)含e读音的字母：Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz (4)含ai的字母: Ii Yy (5)含ju:的字母: Uu Qq Ww (6)Oo (7)Rr五、常用英语

3、缩略语：a.m.(上午) p.m.(下午) dm(分米) cm(厘米) mm(毫米) kg(千克) km(千米) B.C.(公元前) A.D.(公元) TV(电视) CCTV(中国中央电视台) CAAC(中国民航) UN(联合国) UK(英国) US(美国) USA(美国) PRC(中华人民共和国) UFO(不明飞行物) WTO(世界贸易组织) CBA(中国篮球职业协会) NBA(美国篮球职业协会) WC(厕所) CD(光盘) ID(身份证) PC(个人电脑) KFC(肯德基)一、按字母顺序默写出一、按字母顺序默写出26个字母的大、小写形式。个字母的大、小写形式。5个元音字母是：个元音字母是：

4、Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu二、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1. _ Dd _ 2. _ Ss _ 3. _ Oo _ 4. _ Ii _ 三、把全是元音字母的一组字母圈出来。1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. O I E 8. A E R 9. Q Y r 10. A U E一、名词的概念：表示人或事物等名称的词。如:Tom, Beijing, China, milk, teacher.二。名词的分类 专用名词：表示人、地点、机构、组织、国家、月份、星期、月份、节日等专门名称的词。如：Danny, Beijing, C

5、hina, January, Sunday, Christmas Day. (注意：专用名词的第一个字母要大写。) 个体名词：boy, girl, book, egg, day, ruler等。 集体名词：class, family, policeman等。 物质名词：milk, water, meat, paper, sugar, 不可数名词：salt, rain, snow, flour, oil, tea. 抽象名词：time, money, weather, help等三、名词的数：1、可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。2.可数名词复数形式的构成：规则形式：(1）在名词末尾加s.(2)以

6、s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词，在词尾加es. (3)以f或fe结尾的名词，先把f或fe变为v再加es.(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，先把y变为i后再加es.(5)以o结尾的名词，表示有生命的在词尾加es 不规则形式：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose(鹅)-geese, child-children, people-people, sheep-sheep, fish-fish, deer(鹿)-deer, Chinese(中国人)-Chinese, policeman-policemen, snowman-snowme

7、n. 不可数名词的数量表示法: 不可数名词没有单复数变化，如果要表示数量时可以用下面的公式记忆：数词+计量单位名词+of+不可数名词 写出下列名词的复数形式：1.book- 2.map- 3.flag- 4.day- 5.boy- 6.cat- 7.bird- 8.bus- 9.class- 10.dress- 11.brush- 12.dish- 13.watch- 14.peach- 15.beach- 16.box- 17.fox- 18.leaf- 19.wolf- 20.knife- 21.baby- 22.family- 23.strawberry- 24.potato- 25.t

8、omato- 26.zoo- 27.radio- 28.photo- 29.man- 30.woman- 31.policeman- 32.snowman- 33.child- 34.foot- 35.tooth- 36.goose- 37.people- 38.sheep- 39.deer- 40.Chinese- 一、动词的概念：表示动作、状态、行为等的词叫动词。二、动词的分类：英语中的动词分为连系动词、助动词、情态动词和行为动词（实义动词）四大类。1. 连系动词：这类动词通常表示特征、情感、变化等的状态，不可单独作谓语， 必须和后面的表语一起构成系表结构，才能充当句子的谓语。常见的连系动

9、词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), fell(感到), smell(闻起来), become(变成), get(变得)等。如：1. My father is a doctor. 2. The kite looks like a cat. 3. The hamburger smells very delicious. 4. It gets warmer and warmer in spring.2. 助动词: 这类动词本身无意义，在句子中不能单独作谓语，需要和行为动词一起构成各种时态或语态，并帮助行为动词构成否定句或疑问句。常见的助动词主要有：一般现在时态中的助动词

10、有：do和does。如：(1) I dont go to school on Saturday and Sunday. (2) She/He doesnt goto school on Saturday and Sunday. (3) Do you go to school on Sunday? (4) Does she go to school on Sunday? (5) What do you do? (6)What does she/he do? 现在进行时态中的助动词有：be(am, is, are)。 如：(1) I am playing ping-pong now. (2) Sh

11、e/He is playing ping-pong now. (3)We are playing ping-pong now. (4) I am not playing ping-pong now. (5) She/He isnt playing ping-pong now. (6) We arent playing ping-pong now. (7) Are you playing ping-pong now? (8) Is she/he playing ping-pong now. (9) What are you doing now? (10) What is she/he doing

12、?一般将来时态中的助动词有：be going to结构中的be(am, is are), will和shall。如：(1) I am going to swim tomorrow. (2) She/He is going to swim tomorrow. (3) We are going to swim tomorrow. (4) I am not going to swim tomorrow. (5) She/He isnt going to swim tomorrow. (6) We arent going to swim tomorrow. (7) Are you going to s

13、wim tomorrow? (8) Is she/he going to swim tomorrow? (9) What are you going to do tomorrow? (10) What is she/he going to do tomorrow? (11) I will swim tomorrow. (12) I will not swim tomorrow. (13) Shall we swim tomorrow? (14) What will you do tomorrow?一般过去时态中的助动词有：did. 如：(1) I didnt go to school yest

14、erday. (2) Did you go to school yesterday? (3) What did you do yeaterday?3. 情态动词：这类动词表示说话人的语气和情态， 虽然他们有一定的词义，但是在句子中也不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，变成否定句在他们后面加not, 变成疑问句把他们提到主语的前面。常见的情态动词有：can/could(能、会); may(可以); must(必须); will/would(愿意); shall/should(应该). 如：(1) I can play soccer. (2) May I help you? (3)You

15、must do you homework now.（4）Would you like to play with us? (5) We should not be late for school.4. 行为动词（实义动词）：这类动词表示动作或状态，具有实际的意义，能在句子中独立充当句子的谓语，也叫实义动词。如：say, sing, swim, help, want等。a. 行为动词的单数第三人称形式的变化规则：1.一般情况下在动词后加s。如：look-looks, like-likes, live-lives, play-plays 2.以s, sh, ch, o结尾的动词后加es。如：pass

16、-passes, wash-washes, brush-brushes, watch-watches, catch-catches, teach-teaches, touch-touches, do-does, go-goes.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改为i再加es。 如：fly-flies cry-cries但是have的单数第三人称形式是has.b. 行为动词的现在分词形式的变化规则：1.一般情况下，直接在动词末尾加ing。如：look-looking, play-playing, sing-singing2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing。如：make-making, leav

17、e-leaving, come-coming3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping, shop-shopping, swim-swimming, skip-skipping4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y再加ing。如：lie-lyingc. 行为动词的过去式的变化规则：1.一般情况在动词末尾加-ed. 如：look-looked, miss-missed, play-played, 2.以e结尾的动词直接在词尾加d. 如：arrive-arrived, 3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的动词，

18、双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped, shop-shopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied不规则的行为动词的过去式：（同学们要逐个记牢！）1.完全不规则：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, go-went, see-saw, say-said, have-had, fly-flew, speak-spoke, buy-bought, bring-brought, think-thought, teach-taught, eat-ate, lie-lay, can-could, will-would, take-took.2.改变其中的元、辅音字母：give-gave, get-got, forget-forgot, come-came, run-ran, sing-sang, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, swim-swam，shine-shone, grow-grew, find-found, win-won, lose-lost, make-made, know-knew.3