Subject-verbConcord

1、CompanyLOGOLecture Two CompanyLOGOv11. Far above the waters of a beautiful lake and over the tops of the tall prime trees growing on the steep of a hill stand five Chinese-style pavilions.v19. Nearing the top, he climbed recklessly faster and faster, his eyes already glowing with triumph, but sudden

2、ly he slipped and fell, tumbling to the ground and lying motionless there, a crumpled pile of arms and legs. v Fill in the blanks:v 1). Much water wasted every day. 2). Three books on the desk.The principle of grammatical concord refers to the rule that the verb must match its subject in number. is

3、are Fill in the blank: 1). Two kilometers (be) a long distance for the old man. isvThe principle of notional concord refers to the rule that the verb can sometimes agree with the subject according to the notion of number rather than to the number of the subject Fill in the blank: No one except your

4、parents (be ) coming. The principle of proximity denotes agreement of the verb with the more closely preceding noun phrase rather than agreement with less closely preceding noun phrase. are 1). Mumps _ (be) infectious disease. Disease and game names ending in 2). Physics _ (be) difficult for me. Sub

5、ject names ending in 3). The Netherlands _ (be) famous for tulips. Geographical names endings in 4). Other nouns ending in Classroom workvEX. 2A P. 26Collective nouns are single in form, plural in meaning. v Police _ (suspect) local gang. ( only used in plural form)2. The equipment of the lab_ (be)

6、advanced. (used as uncountable nouns)3. The family _ (seem) to be very happy. The family _ (be ) near-sighted. (used either in plural form or single form)4. A panel of experts _ (have) arrived in time. (a communitee /panel/board of ) Classroom workvEX. 2A P. 28 v （1）and / both, and The fishing and t

7、he hunting in Arizona _ good that year.vFish and chips _ (be) my favorite. vEvery boy and every girl in this room_ (be) entitled to a copy.vMany a man and woman in this community _ (find) himself or herself in need. v（2）Not only the switches but also the old wiring _ (have) been changed. or, nor, ei

8、theror, neithernor, not onlybut also v （3）Some of the workers as much as the manager _ (be) responsible for the loss. A as much as/as well as/rather than/more than/along with/except /in addition to/ with/ together with BClassroom workvEX. 2A P. 31 v （1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语v 当主语为表示确定数量的名词词

9、组时，有以下几条规则可遵循当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时，有以下几条规则可遵循。 vThree miles _ too long a distance for him to run.vThere _ six dollars in each of the stockings. 如果数量概念被看作一个整体，动词用单数；如果被看作组如果数量概念被看作一个整体，动词用单数；如果被看作组成该数量的一个个的个体，则动词用复数。成该数量的一个个的个体，则动词用复数。 v（1 1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语vOver sixty per cent of the city_

10、 destroyed in the war.vThirty-five per cent of the doctors _ women.如果作主语的名词词组是由如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数（或百分数）分数（或百分数）+ of-词组词组”构成，或构成，或 all of , some of , half of , most of 其动词形式依其动词形式依of-词组后名词类别而定词组后名词类别而定 v（1 1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 vForty minus fifteen_ ( leave) twenty-five.vFive times eight _ (

11、be) forty. 两数相减或相除，动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用两数相减或相除，动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可用复数。单数，也可用复数。 v（1 1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语主语 (1) (1) One out of twenty_ (be) badly damaged. 如果主语由如果主语由“one in / one out of +复数名词复数名词构成，构成，在正式语体中，动词用单数；在非正在正式语体中，动词用单数；在非正式语体中，动词也可按式语体中，动词也可按“就近原则就近原则”用复数用复数 v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词

12、组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (2) (2)Lots of people _(be waiting) outside. Plenty of the sugar_ (be) imported from China.“lots of, heaps of, loads of scads of plenty of + 名词名词” v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (3) (3)A series of accidents _( have) been reported. A substantial portion of the reports _

13、 (be) missing. “a portion of , a series of , a pile of , a panel of + 名词名词” v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (4) (4)在在a kind/ type/ sort of , this kind/ type/ sort of 之后通常跟之后通常跟单数单数或或不可数名词不可数名词 ，动词用动词用单数单数。v That type of car is old-fashioned. This sort of paint is very useful. 在这样的结构中，通常不用复数名

14、词。如果要用复数名在这样的结构中，通常不用复数名词。如果要用复数名词，就得说：词，就得说：Cars of that type are old-fashioned. v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (5) (5) these kinds of, many/ several kinds of 单数单数不可数名词不可数名词复数名词复数名词复数复数v These types of car are imported from Japan. Those kinds of insects are harmful. There are several sorts

15、 of cheese for sale in the shop. v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (6) (6)“these / those kind of + 复数名词复数名词”复数复数These kind of men are unreliable. Those type of machine tools are out of date. v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (7) (7)Many a man_ (have) done his duty. More than one game _ (

16、be) lost. “many a / more than one + 名名词词” v（2 2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 (8) (8)An average of 25 persons apply each month. An average of 25 applications a month is not unusual. “ an average of / a majority of + 复数名词复数名词” 2.6.1. 以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 (1) (1)vWhat caused the accide

17、nt_ (be) a complete mystery.vWhat caused the accident and who was responsible for it _ (remain) a mystery to us. 由由what, who, why, how, whether等等wh-词引导词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数通常用单数。而两个而两个由由andand连接的并列名词性分句作主语时，如果主语表示两连接的并列名词性分句作主语时，如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数。件事情，动词用复数。 2.6.1. 以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题以名词

18、性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 (2) (2) What matters to us _ (be) the teaching methods of the teacher. 在以在以what-分句作主语的分句作主语的SVC结构中，结构中，如果主句补语是如果主句补语是复数名词，主句谓语动词可用复数。复数名词，主句谓语动词可用复数。 v2.6.1. 以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题vTo learn English _ (be) difficult.vTo speak English and to write English _ (be) totally differe

19、nt. 非限定分句作主语，动词通常用单数。而两个由非限定分句作主语，动词通常用单数。而两个由and连连接的并列非限定分句作主语时，如果指两件事，动词用接的并列非限定分句作主语时，如果指两件事，动词用复数；如果指一件事，动词用单数。复数；如果指一件事，动词用单数。 v 2.6.2. 关系分句中的主谓一致问题关系分句中的主谓一致问题vJohn is one of his family who_ (like) sport.vJohn is the only one of his family who_ (like) sport. 在在“One of + 复数名词复数名词+ +关系分句关系分句”结构中，关系结构中，关系分句代词通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式。分句代词通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式。但有时但有时为了强调为了强调one，分句动词也可采用单数形式，分句动词也可采用单数形式，这种情这种情况在英国英语中较常见。如果在这类结构况在英国英语中较常见。如果在这类结构之前有定冠之前有定冠词词the或者有或者有the only等限定词和强调词时，关系分等限定词和强调词时，关系