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1、企业理论授课纲要及阅读文献张维迎,蔡洪滨,周黎安,马捷,邓峰2008/9/18授课人:本课程由张维迎教授、蔡洪滨教授、周黎安副教授、邓峰副教授(法学院)和马捷博士联合讲授。课程助教:雍家胜; 联系方式:email: yongjiasheng; tel:课对象:2006级产业经济学硕士研究生和博士研究生、应用经济学硕博连读必修;企业管理博士生选修。授课时间:2007年秋季学期,每周三上午24节(9:00-12:00);授课地点:北大光华管理学院216教室。考试方式:完成一篇论文(可以是理论模型,实证研究,或案例研究;必须有学术贡献)。另有课间作业。内容简介:企业理论又称
2、合约理论、激励理论,或组织经济学,是当代微观经济学的前沿领域。它从个人选择出发,解释企业的存在,企业内部的结构,及不同组织结构的竞争均衡。本课程将主要介绍有关企业理论研究的最新理论成果和实证研究,也将讨论与中国企业改革有关的理论和实践问题。本课程内容也将涉及政府、大学等非盈利性组织的治理结构问题。鉴于企业的制度安排涉及重要的法律问题,本课程也将讨论有关公司法,特别是信托责任等方面的最新研究成果。课程的目的是使学生从经济学和法学两方面深刻理解企业的制度安排和实际运行,培养学生从事企业理论和实证研究的能力。主要内容包括:第1讲:资本主义企业制度解剖 (张维迎)第2讲:交易成本与产权理论(张维迎)第
3、3讲:激励理论与实证(I): 风险、团队生产与多任务理论(周黎安)第4讲:激励理论与实证(II): 经理人市场和职业声誉(周黎安)第5讲:激励理论在政府组织的应用:中国地方官员的激励(周黎安)第6讲:声誉基础上的企业理论(蔡洪滨)第7讲:关系契约与企业内部激励理论(蔡洪滨)第8讲:竞争与反垄断(蔡洪滨)第9讲:企业理论与国际贸易I(马捷)第10讲:企业理论与国际贸易II(马捷)第11讲:企业理论与国际贸易III(马捷)第12讲:公司的人格理论 Personality of Corporation in Law(邓峰)第13讲:资本规制(邓峰)第14讲:诚信义务Fiduciary Duty(邓峰
4、)第15讲:中国国有企业改革的理论与实践(张维迎)参考文献:第1讲:资本主义企业制度解剖 (张维迎)*Alchian, A. and H. Demsetz, (1972), “Production, Information Costs and Economic Organization”, American Economic Review, December.*Coase, R. (1937), “The Nature of the Firm”, Economica 4: 386-405.Dow, Gregory, (1993), “Why Capital Hires Labour?”, Am
5、erican Economic Review, 83: 118-134.Dow,Gregory and Louis Putterman,2000,“Why capital suppliers (usually)hire workers:what we know and what we need to know”,Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,Vol 43:319-336。Eswaran, M, and Kotwal, D., (1989), “Why are Capitalists the Bosses?”, The Economi
6、c Journal, 99: 162-76.Hansmann, H. (1996), The Ownership of Enterprise, Belknap, Harvard. (中文版由中国政法大学出版社2000年出版。*Jensen, Michael and William Meckling, (1976), “Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behaviour, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure”. Journal of Financial Economics, 305-360.Kilhstrom, R. and J
7、. Laffont, 1982, “ A General Equilibrium Entrepreneurial Model of Firm Formation Base on Risk Aversion,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol.87, No.4, pp.719-748, *Knight, Frank, 1964(1921), Risk, Uncertainty and Profit, New York; A.M.Kelley. (中译本:)*Li, Shuhe and Weiying Zhang, (2001), "Optimal A
8、ssignment of Principalship in Teams", Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 44: (1), Pages 105-127.Yang, Xiaokai and Yew-Kwang Ng, 1995, “The Theory of the Firm and Structure of Residual Rights,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Volume 26, Issue 1, Pages 107-12
9、8.*Zhang, Weiying, (2000), "Why Are Entrepreneurs Liquidity-Constrained?", Annals of Economic and Finance, Vol 1 (No.1): 165-188.*张维迎,(1995),企业的企业家契约理论,上海人民和上海三联。*张维迎,(1996),所有权、治理结构与委托代理关系,经济研究1996年第9期。张维迎,(2005),产权、激励与公司治理,经济科学出版社。张维迎,(2007),正取解读利润和企业社会责任,经济观察报2007年8月20日。张维迎,(2007),理解和捍卫
10、市场经济,学习时报,2007年12月17日。第2讲:交易成本与产权理论(张维迎)交易成本理论(Transaction Costs Theory)*Coase, Ronald, (1937), “The Nature of the Firm”, Economica 4: 386-405.Coase, Ronald, (1988), “The Nature of the Firm: Origin, Meaning and Influence”, Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 4:3-47.*Cheung, Steven, (1983), “
11、The Contractual Nature of the Firm”, Journal of Law and Economics, 26: 1-21.*Hart, Oliver, (1995), Firms, Contracts and Financial Structure, chapter 1, Oxford University Press. (中文版由上海人民出版社和上海三联书店于1998年出版);Holmstrom, Bengt, and Tirole, Jean, (1989), “The Theory of the Firm”, in Handbook of Industria
12、l Organization, R. Schmalesee and R. Willig (eds.), Amsterdam: North Holland. *Klein, B., R. Crawford and A. Alchian, (1978), “Vertical Integration, Appropriable Rents and the Competitive Contracting Process”, Journal of Law and Economics, 21: 297-326.Klein, Benjamin, (1988), “Vertical Integration a
13、s Organizational Ownership: the Fisher Body-General Motors Relationship Revisited”, Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, Vol.4, No.1. *Williamson, Oliver, (1979), “Transaction-Cost Economics: The Governance of Contractural Relations”, Journal of Law and Economics XXII, No.2: 233-61.Williamson
14、, Oliver, (1985), The Economic Institute of Capitalism, New York: Free Press.Riodan, M., (1990), “What is Vertical Integration?” in M. Aoki, B. Gustafsson and O. Williamson (eds.), The Firm as a Nexus of Treaties, London: Sage, 94-111.Joskow, P. (1988), “Asset Specificity and the Structure of Vertic
15、al Relationships: Empirical Evidence”, Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 4: 95-117.*Joskow, P. (1987), “Contract Duration and Relationship-specific Investments: Empirical Evidence from Coal Markets”, American Economic Review, 77(1). Monteverde, K, and David Teece, (1982), “Supplier Switchi
16、ng Costs and Vertical Integration in Automobile Industrial”, Bell Journal of Economics, Vol. 13, No.1.Hitt, Lorin, (1998), “Information Technology and Firm Boundaries: Evidence from Panel Data”, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. 不完全契约与产权理论(Incomplete Contract and Property Rights)*Hart, Oli
17、ver, (1995), Firms, Contracts and Financial Structure, chapters 2-4, Oxford University Press.Milgrom, Paul and Roberts, John, (1992), Economics, Organization and Management. Chapter 9, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.*Grossman, S. and Oliver Hart, (1986), “The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A
18、Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration”, Journal of Political Economy, 94: 691-326.*Hart, Oliver and John Moore, (1990), “Property Rights and Nature of the Firm”, Journal of Political Economy, 98: 1119-58.Hart, Oliver and John Moore, (1999), "Foundations of Incomplete Contracts", Revie
19、w of Economic Studies, 66: 115-138.*Aghion, P. and P. Bolton, (1992), “An Incomplete Contracts Approach to Financial Contracting”, Review of Economic Studies, 59: 473-94.Bolton, P. and M. Whinston, (1993), “Incomplete Contracts, Vertical Integration, and Supply of Assurance”, Review of Economic Stud
20、ies, 60: 121-48. Chiu, Y. S., (1998), “Non-cooperative Bargaining, Hostages and Optimal Asset Ownership”, American Economic Review. De Meza, David and Ben Lockwood, 1998, "Does Asset Ownership Always Motivate Managers? Outside Options and The Property Rights Theory of the Firm", Quarterly
21、Journal of Economics, pp: 360-386.Moore, John, (1992), “Implementation in Environments with Complete Information”, in J J Laffont (ed.) Advances in Economic Theory, Sixth World Congress, Cambridge University Press, pp. 182-282. Hart, Oliver and John Moore, (1988), “Incomplete Contracts and Renegotia
22、tion”, Econometrica, 56: 755-85.Aghion, P., M. Dewareipont and P. Rey, (1994), “Renegotiation Design with Unverifiable Information”, Econometrica, 62: 257-82. Maskin, E and Jean Tirole, (1999), "Unforeseen Contingencies and Incomplete Contract", Review of Economic Studies, 66: 83-114. Tiro
23、le, Jean, (1999), "Incomplete Contracts: Where Do We Stand?", Econometrica, Vol. 67, No.4: 741-781.Che, Y. K. and Haucsh, D. (1998), "Cooperative Investments and the Value of Contracting: Coase vs Williamson", American Economic Review.*Joskow, P. (1988), “Asset Specificity and th
24、e Structure of Vertical Relationships: Empirical Evidence”, Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 4: 95-117.Lerner, Josh and Robert Merges. 1998. "The Control of Technology Alliances: An Empirical Analysis of the Biotechnology Industry." Journal of Industrial Economics 46: 125-56.Arr
25、uñada, Benito, Luis Garicano, and Luis Vázquez. 2001. "Contractual Allocation of Decision Rights and Incentives: The Case of Automobile Distribution." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 17: 257-84.Cai, Hongbin, 2003, “A Theory of Joint Asset Ownership”, Rand Journal of E
26、conomics, 34:62-76.*Baker, George and Thomas Hubbard. 2003. "Make Versus Buy in Trucking: Asset Ownership, Job Design, and Information." American Economic Review 93: 551-572.Elfenbein, Daniel, and Josh Lerner. 2003. "Ownership and control rights in Internet portal alliances, 1995-1999
27、." RAND Journal of Economics 34: 356-69.Lerner, Josh, Hilary Shane, and Alexander Tsai. 2003. "Do equity financing cycles matter? Evidence from biotechnology alliances." Journal of Financial Economics 67: 411-46.Kalnins, Arturs and Kyle Mayer. 2004. "Relationships and Hybrid Cont
28、racts: An Analysis of Contract Choice in Information Technology." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 20: 207-29.Corts, Kenneth and Jasjit Singh. 2004. "The Effect of Repeated Interaction on Contract Choice: Evidence from Offshore Drilling." Journal of Law, Economics, and Orga
29、nization 20: 230-60.Azoulay, Pierre. 2004. "Acquiring Knowledge Within and Across Firm Boundaries: Evidence from Clinical Development." Forthcoming in American Economic Review.Robinson, David, and Toby Stuart. 2002. "Just How Incomplete Are Incomplete Contracts? Evidence from Biotech
30、Strategic Alliances." Unpublished manuscript, Columbia University. Acemoglu, A., M. Kremer, and A. Mian, 2003. “Incentives in Markets, Firms and Governments”, NBER Working Paper 9802.Acemoglu, A., P. Antras, and E. Helpman, 2005, “Contracts and Division of Labor”, NBER Working Paper 11356.第3讲:激
31、励理论与实证 (I):风险、团队生产与多任务理论 (周黎安)(标明星号的论文为必读论文)*Alchian, A., and H. Demsetz. 1972. “Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization”, American Economic Review 62: 777-95.*Holmstrom, Bengt. 1979. “Moral Hazard and Observability”, Bell Journal of Economics 10: 74-91. Grossman, S. and Oliver Hart
32、, 1983, “An Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem,” Econometrica 51: 7-45.*Lazear, Edward and Sherwin Rosen, 1981. “Rank-Ordered Tournaments as Optimal Labor Contracts”, Journal of Political Economy 89: S841-S-864.*Holmstrom, B. (1982), “Moral Hazard in Teams,” Bell Journal of Economics, 13: 324-3
33、40.*Holmstrom, B., and P. Milgrom, 1991, “Multi-Task Principal Agent Analyses,” Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 7, Special Issue.*Holmstrom, B., and P. Milgrom, 1994. “The Firm as an Incentive System”, American Economic Review 84: 972-91.Holmstrom, B., 1999. “The Firm as a Subeconomy”, J
34、ournal of Law, Organization and Economics 15:74-102.Baker, G., R. Gibbons, and K. J. Murphy, 1994, “ Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts”, Quarterly Journal of Economics 109: 1125-1156.Sliwka, Dirk, 2002, “On the Use of Nonfinancial Performance Measures in Managerial Compe
35、nsation”, Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 11: 487-511.*Chiappori, P. and B. Salaine (2003), “Testing Contract Theory: a Survey of Some Recent Work”, in Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Theory and Applications, Eighth World Congress.*Ackerberg, D. and Botticini, M. (2002), “Endo
36、genous Matching and the Empirical Determinants of Contract Form”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 110, No. 3, pp 564-591.Pendergast, C. (1999), “The Provision of Incentives in Firms,” Journal of Economic Literature, 37, 7-63.*Lazear, E. (2000), “Performance Pay and Productivity,” American Economi
37、c Review, 90, 1346-1361.Gibbons, Robert, and Kevin Murphy, 1990, “Relative Performance Evaluation for Chief Executive Officers,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 43, 30-52.*Jensen, M., and K. Murphy, (1990), “Performance Pay and Top Management Incentives”, Journal of Political Economy, vol. 98
38、, 225-264.Garen, John, 1994, “Executive Compensation and Principal-Agent Theory,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 102, December, 1175-1199.Wulf, Julie, 2005, “How Tenuous is the Trade-off between Risk and Incentives? Evidence from Divisional Manager Positions”, Working paper, Wharton School, Univ
39、ersity of Pennsylvania. 第4讲:激励理论与实证 (II):经理人市场和职业声誉 (周黎安)(标明星号的论文为必读论文)*Holmstrom, B. (1982, 1999), “Managerial Incentives Problems: A Dynamic Perspective,” Review of Economic Studies.*Gibbons, Robert and Kevin Murphy, 1992, “Incentive Contracts in the Presence of Career Concerns”, Journal of Politi
40、cal Economy. Vol. 100, pp468-505.Meyer, M. and J. Vickers, 1997, “Performance Comparisons and Dynamic Incentives,” Journal of Political Economy 105(3) 547-581.*Chevailer, J, and G. Ellison (1997), “Risk Taking by Mutual Funds as a Response to Incentives,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 105, Dece
41、mber, 1167-1200.*Chevailer, J, and G. Ellison (1999), “Career Concerns of Mutual Fund Managers,” Quarterly Journal of Economics s, 114, 389-432.Auriol, Emmanuelle, Guido Friebel, and Lambros Pechlivanos. 2002. "Career Concerns in Teams." Journal of Labor Economics 20: 289-307.第5讲:激励理论在政府组织
42、的应用:中国地方官员的激励 (周黎安)(标明星号的论文为必读论文)*Tirole, J., 1994. The internal organization of government. Oxford Economic Papers 46, 129.Besley, T., and A. Case (1995), “Does Electoral Accountability Affect Economic Policy Choices? Evidence from Gubernatorial Term Limits,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 100(3),
43、 769-99.Besley, T., and A. Case (1996), “Incumbent Behavior: Voting Seeking, Tax Setting and Yardstick Competition.” American Economic Review, 85(1), 24-45.Besley, T., T. Persson, and D. Sturm, 2005, “Political Competition and Economic Performance: Theory and Evidence from the United States”, NBER W
44、orking Papers 11484.*Che, Jiahua, and Yingyi Qian, 1998. "Institutional Environment, Community Government, and Corporate Governance: Understanding China's Township-Village Enterprises," Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, April, 14(1), pp. 1-23.*Che, Jiahua, and Yingyi Qian, 19
45、98. "Insecure Property Rights and Government Ownership of Firms," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), pp. 467-496.*Weingast, Barry R., "The Economic Role of Political Institutions: Market-Preserving Federalism and Economic Growth," Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization,
46、 11:1-31, 1995.Qian, Yingyi, and Barry R. Weingast, "Federalism as a Commitment to Market Incentives," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(4):83-92, Fall, 1997.Maskin, Eric., Yingyi Qian, Chenggang Xu, 2000, “Incentives, Scale Economies, and Organization Forms”. Review of Economic Studies
47、 67, 359378. *Montinola, G., Yingyi Qian, Berry Weingast, 1995, “Federalism, Chinese Style: the Political Basis for Economic Success in China,” World Politics 48, 50-81.Jin, Hehui., Yingyi Qian, and Berry Weingast, 2005, “Regional Decentralization and Fiscal Incentives: Federalism, Chinese Style,” J
48、ournal of Public Economics 89: 1719-1742.Blanchard, Oliver., and Andrew Shleifer, 2001, “Federalism with and without Political Centralization: China vs. Russia,” IMF Staff Papers 48, 171179.Cai, Hongbin, and Daniel Treisman, 2007, “Did Government Decentralization Cause Chinas Economic Miracle?” Worl
49、d Politics, forthcoming.*Li, Hongbin, and Li-An Zhou, 2005. “Political Turnover and Economic Performance: the Incentive Role of Personnel Control in China”, Journal of Public Economics 89: 1743-1762.*Chen, Ye, Hongbin Li, and Li-An Zhou, 2005, “Relative Performance Evaluation and the Turnover of Pro
50、vincial Leaders in China”, Economics Letters 88: 421-425.Li, Hongbin, Lingsheng, Meng, Qian Wang, and Li-An Zhou, 2005. “Political Connections and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Chinese Private Entrepreneurs”, Journal of Development Economics, forthcoming周黎安,“中国地方官员的晋升锦标赛模式研究” 经济研究2007年第7期周黎安,“
51、晋升博弈中政府官员的激励与合作:兼论我国地方保护主义和重复建设问题长期存在的原因”,经济研究2004年第6期周黎安,“行政逐级发包:关于中国政府间关系的一项研究”, 工作论文,2007年。第6讲:声誉基础上的企业理论*Cai, Hongbin and Ichiro Obara, 2006, Firm Reputation and HorizontalIntegration, working paper.Ely, J. and J. Valimaki, (2002) “Bad Reputation,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, 785-814Hor
52、ner, Johannes, (2002) “Reputation and Competition”, The American Economic Review, 92, 644-663. *Kreps, D., 1990, Corporate Culture and Economic Theory, in J. Alt and K. Shepsle, (eds.), Perspectives on Positive Political Economy, Cambridge University Press. *Tadalis, Steven, 1999, Whats in a Na
53、me? Reputation as a Tradeable Asset, American Economics Review, 89:548:563.蔡洪滨,张琥,严旭阳,(2006) “中国企业信誉缺失的理论分析”, 经济研究,9, 85-94。第7讲: 关系契约和企业内部激励理论*Baker,George,Robert Gibbons and Kevin Murphy,2002,“Relational Contracts and The Theory of the Firm”,Quarterly Journal of Economics,117:39-83。Bull,Cliver, (19
54、87), “The Existence of Self-Enforcing Implicit Contracts,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 37, 189-209.Klein, Benjamin and Keith Leffler, (1981), “The Role of Market Forces in Assuring Contractual Performance”, Journal of Political Economy, 89, 615-641.* Levine, Johnathan, “Relation Incentive Contra
55、ct”, American Economic Review, 93, 840-857.*Luis Rayo, “Relational Incentives and Moral Hazard in Teams,” forthcoming, Review of Economic Studies. 第8讲:竞争和反垄断Athey, Susan and K Bagwell (2007), “Collusion with Persistent Cost Shocks, ” Working Paper.* Kaplow, Louis and Carl Shapiro (2007), “Antitrust”
56、, Working Paper.Segal , I and M Whinston, (2001), “Exclusive Contracts and Protection of Investment”, RAND Journal of Economics, 31, 603-633.Vasconcelos, H. (2005), “Tacit collusion, cost asymmetries and mergers”, RAND Journal of Economics, 36:39-62.Waehrer, K and M Perry (2003), “The Effects of Mer
57、gers in Open-Auction Market”, RAND Journal of Economics, 34, 287-304.*Whinston , M (2006), Lectures on Antitrust Economics, MIT Press, Cambridge.第9-11讲:企业理论与国际贸易(马捷)SurveysHelpman, E. (1997). "Politics and trade policy", in (D. M. Kreps and K. F. Wallis, eds.) Advances in Economics and Eco
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