assembly_tools

1、ASSEMBLY TOOLS -车床和铣床车床和铣床.Turningandmillingmachines.-焊接设备焊接设备Weldingequipment.-冲床和步冲轮廓机冲床和步冲轮廓机Punchingandnibblingmachine.生产工具生产工具:Production tools: 检测工具检测工具Measuring and inspection tools: -游标卡尺游标卡尺Verniercalipers.-量规量规Gauge.-粗糙度测试仪粗糙度测试仪Roughnesstester.装配和拆卸工具装配和拆卸工具:Assembly and disassembly tools

2、: -扳手扳手Spanners.-起子起子Screwdrivers.-液压螺母液压螺母Hydraulicnut.扳手扳手Spanners梅花扳手梅花扳手Ringspanners梅花有一个十二边形梅花有一个十二边形.这样这样,扳手在旋紧和松开扳手在旋紧和松开螺钉时只需旋转螺钉时只需旋转30.Theringisprovidedwithadodecagon.Asaresult,thespanneronlyneedstomakeaturnof30totightenorunscrewabolt.梅花扳手有两种不同的梅花扳手有两种不同的,通常是连续的扳手尺寸通常是连续的扳手尺寸.一些常规的形式有一些常规的

3、形式有:Theringspannerhastwodifferent,oftensuccessivespannersizes.Somenormalformsare:-大弯头梅花扳手大弯头梅花扳手Thestronglyembossedringspanner.-小弯头梅花扳手小弯头梅花扳手Thelightlyembossedringspanner.-平型梅花扳手平型梅花扳手Theplaneorflatringspanner.Themostusedspanneristhestronglyembossedringspanner. 梅花梅花/开口扳手开口扳手Ring/open-endedspanners这

4、是开口扳手和梅花扳手的结合这是开口扳手和梅花扳手的结合,其优点是其优点是,只要只要螺母或螺钉容易转动螺母或螺钉容易转动,我们就可以使用操作更快的开我们就可以使用操作更快的开口扳手这一端口扳手这一端.Thisisacombinationofanopen-endedspannerandaringspanner.Theadvantageisthat,withthefasterworkingopen-endedspannerend,onecanworkaslongasthenutorboltrotateseasily.如果螺母或螺钉很难旋转时如果螺母或螺钉很难旋转时,我们就能容易地将扳我们就能容易地将

5、扳手转过来手转过来,用梅花扳手这一端继续旋紧用梅花扳手这一端继续旋紧Ifthenutorboltrunsmoreheavily,thespannercaneasilybeturnedaroundtocontinuetighteningwiththeringspannerend.因此因此,梅花梅花/开口扳手两端的扳手尺寸相同开口扳手两端的扳手尺寸相同.Consequently,thering/open-endedspannerhasthesamespannersizeonbothends.开口扳手开口扳手Open-endedspanners开口扳手的钳口大多与手柄呈开口扳手的钳口大多与手柄呈15

6、角角. .因因此此, ,扳手只需旋转扳手只需旋转30就可以拧紧或松开就可以拧紧或松开螺钉螺钉.Thejawsoftheopen-endedspanneraremostlyplacedatanangleof15totheshaft.Asaresult,thespanneronlyneedstomakeaturnof30totightenortounscrewabolt.Also,ifusedcorrectly,thespannerwillnotslideoffthenutorheadofthebolt.同样同样,若使用正确若使用正确,扳手将不会滑出螺母或扳手将不会滑出螺母或螺钉头螺钉头.Thea

7、bovecanbeexplainedasfollows.WhenweapplyaforceonthespannershaftinthedirectionofforceF1,forcesF2andF3willdevelop.ForceF2willattempttorotatethenut.ForceF3willtrytoslidethejawofthespannerfurtherontothenut.IfwemovethespannerinthedirectionofforceF4,thenforceF6willtrytoslidethespanneroffthenut.所以所以,当我们在扳手上

8、用大力时当我们在扳手上用大力时,必须要将扳手如右图所示那样放必须要将扳手如右图所示那样放置置.Therefore,whenweexertalargeforceonthespanner,wemustplacethespannerasshowninthefiguretotheright.尺寸规格尺寸规格Sizeindication扳手上所标明的尺寸是有关扳手的宽度扳手上所标明的尺寸是有关扳手的宽度,有时会有时会有螺钉的直径有螺钉的直径.扳手的宽度是指一个六角螺母或螺钉扳手的宽度是指一个六角螺母或螺钉头的两个平行面之间的距离头的两个平行面之间的距离.Thesizespecifiedonthespan

9、nerreferstothewidthofspannerandsometimestothediameterofthebolt.Bywidthofspanner,wemeanthedistancebetweentwoparallelfacesofahexagonalnutorbolthead.对于扳手来说,我们可以有三个不同的尺寸体系:With spanners, we can have three different size systems: 公制尺寸公制尺寸Metricsizes:扳手宽度在这里是用扳手宽度在这里是用mm为单位显示在扳手上为单位显示在扳手上.thewidthofspanne

10、risindicatedonthespannerinmm.Americansizes:美式尺寸美式尺寸扳手宽度是用英寸为单位显示在扳手上扳手宽度是用英寸为单位显示在扳手上.withthisdimensioningthewidthofspannerisindicatedininchesonthespanner英式尺寸英式尺寸Englishsizes:在此是螺钉尺寸用英寸为单位显示在扳手上在此是螺钉尺寸用英寸为单位显示在扳手上.theboltsizeisindicatedininchesonthespanner. 套筒扳手套筒扳手 Socketspanners 套筒通常与各种附件一起套筒通常与各种

11、附件一起,作为一整套在一个铁箱中作为一整套在一个铁箱中.Thesocketsareoftensuppliedwithdifferentaccessoriesasasetinasteelcase.3/8,和和棘轮手柄棘轮手柄Ratchethandle.带有肘节的手柄带有肘节的手柄Handlewithtogglejoint.滑动手柄滑动手柄(T型件型件)Slidinghandle(T-piece).长延伸接头长延伸接头Longextensionpiece.短延伸接头短延伸接头Shortextensionpiece.直角手柄直角手柄通用接头通用接头.Universaljoint.曲柄曲柄Brace.

12、Squaredhandle.筒式扳手筒式扳手 Boxspanners 筒式扳手由无缝钢管拉制成筒式扳手由无缝钢管拉制成,它只能借助它只能借助一根旋转棒来转动一根旋转棒来转动.Boxspannersdrawnfromjointlesssteeltubecanonlyberotatedwiththeaidofatommybar.铸造的筒式扳手可以用一把开口扳手铸造的筒式扳手可以用一把开口扳手来旋转来旋转,也可以借助旋转棒也可以借助旋转棒.Forgedboxspannerscanbetwistedwithanopen-endedspanneraswellaswithatommybar.活动扳手活动扳

13、手Adjustablespanner扳手有不同的尺寸扳手有不同的尺寸,它是用一个它是用一个偶数英寸单位来表示其总长度偶数英寸单位来表示其总长度,如如:4“,6”,8“,10”等等等等.Thespannerisavailableindifferentsizes.Here,thetotallengthisspecifiedinanevennumberofinches,forinstance4,6,8,10etc.非普通或特殊的扳手非普通或特殊的扳手Uncommonorspecialspanners开口梅花扳手开口梅花扳手Open-endedringspanner The spanner is us

14、ed to unscrew and tighten nipples or piping. The opening in the rings enables it to be slid round the pipe. 此扳手是用于旋松或旋此扳手是用于旋松或旋紧喷嘴或管道紧喷嘴或管道.其开口的目的其开口的目的是使扳手能够围绕着管子滑是使扳手能够围绕着管子滑动动.棘轮扳手棘轮扳手Ratchetspanners套筒扳手套筒扳手Socketspanner这种套筒扳手是筒式扳手的一种变体这种套筒扳手是筒式扳手的一种变体.它用来旋松或旋它用来旋松或旋紧那些难接近地方的螺钉紧那些难接近地方的螺钉.Thesoc

15、ketspannerisavariantoftheboxspanner.Itisusedtounscrewortightenboltsinplacesthataredifficulttoaccess.内六角扳手内六角扳手Pinwrenches优点是在螺钉头周围无需空间来放扳手优点是在螺钉头周围无需空间来放扳手,所以这些螺钉用所以这些螺钉用在那些难以接近的地方在那些难以接近的地方.Theadvantageofthisisthatnospaceisneededaroundtheboltheadtoplacethespanner,sothattheseboltsareusedinplacesthat

16、aredifficulttoaccess.类型：类型：直角内六角扳手直角内六角扳手Rightangledpinwrench.有球头的直角内六角扳手有球头的直角内六角扳手Rightangledpinwrenchwithballhead.有有T型柄的内六角扳手型柄的内六角扳手PinwrenchwithT-grip.扭矩扳手扭矩扳手TorquewrenchesTorquewrenchescanbesubdividedintothreegroups,namely:扭力扳手Direct reading torque wrench. 定扭矩扳手Signalling torque wrench. 角旋转扭矩

17、扳手.Torque wrench with angular rotation. 扭矩扳手可分为三类扭矩扳手可分为三类,分别叫做分别叫做:扭力扳手扭力扳手Directreadingtorquewrench定扭矩扳手定扭矩扳手Signallingtorquewrench 转角扭矩扳手转角扭矩扳手Torquewrenchwithangularrotation起子起子 Screwdrivers 一字槽起子一字槽起子.Flatscrewdrivers,straightblade.十字槽起子十字槽起子Crossheadscrewdrivers,crossheadblade拳头起子拳头起子Fistscrew

18、driver直角起子直角起子RightangleScrewdriver夹紧起子夹紧起子 Clamping screwdriver 锤击起子锤击起子Hammerscrewdriver锤击螺丝刀用于那些靠普通螺丝刀难以松开的螺丝.The hammer screwdriver is used for screws that are difficult to loosen with an ordinary screwdriver. 扭矩起子扭矩起子Torque screwdriver除了先前所述的转矩扳手外除了先前所述的转矩扳手外,还有各种类型的转矩螺丝刀还有各种类型的转矩螺丝刀Besidesthep

19、reviouslymentionedtorquewrenches,therearealsovarioustorquescrewdrivers.老虎钳老虎钳 Pliers 组合钳组合钳Combinationpliers钢丝钳、剪钳钢丝钳、剪钳Cuttingpliers 最普遍的剪钳是最普遍的剪钳是“边剪钳边剪钳”.它们用它们用来剪断电缆来剪断电缆,剪开销剪开销,等等等等.Themostcommoncuttingpliersarethe“side-cuttingpliers”.Thesepliersareusedtocutoffelectricalcable,splitpins,etc.弯曲钳弯曲

20、钳Bendingpliers平形弯曲钳具有平形的钳夹,用来弯曲小形的条带和电线.它们也适用来夹住小螺丝或螺母.Flat bending pliers have flat jaws and are used for bending small strips and wire. They are also suited to hold small bolts or nuts. 圆形(有鼻的)弯曲钳配有圆形钳夹,用来弯曲小的圈环端.Round (nosed) bending pliers are equipped with round jaws and are used to bend small

21、looped ends. 该老虎钳有带齿和无齿的两种类型.The pliers are supplied in a toothed and a non-toothed version.仪表钳仪表钳Instrumentpliers仪表钳具有长长的,尖尖的,通常还是弯的钳夹,Instrument pliers have long, pointed jaws, which are often also bent. 该老虎钳是用来将小的零部件放置在很难接近的位置.The pliers are used to place small parts in positions that are difficu

22、lt to access.弹性挡圈钳弹性挡圈钳Retainingringpliers弹性挡圈钳用来装配和拆卸弹性档圈弹性挡圈钳用来装配和拆卸弹性档圈Retaining ring pliers are used to assemble and disassemble spring retaining rings. 剥皮钳剥皮钳 Strippingpliers剥皮钳用来去除电线绝缘体而剥皮钳用来去除电线绝缘体而不损坏芯线不损坏芯线.Strippingpliersareusedtoremovetheinsulationofelectricalcableswithoutdamagingthecore.

23、通过老虎钳上的调节螺丝可以通过老虎钳上的调节螺丝可以为电缆芯线的厚度进行设定为电缆芯线的厚度进行设定Bymeansofanadjustingscrewtheplierscanbesetfortheintendedcorethicknessoftheelectricalcable.锤子锤子Hammers-钢锤钢锤Steelhammers.-装配锤装配锤Assemblyhammers.钢锤钢锤Steelhammers钢锤一般上不直接在零部件上敲击,因为这会损坏零件.The steel hammer is generally not directly struck on the part, because this would damage the part.十字尖头锤十字尖头锤. The cross pein hammer.圆头锤圆头锤 The ball pein hammer.钳工小锤、台用锤钳工小锤、台用