初中英语七年级(下)第二课

1、Chapter 8 Protecting our environmentIf I plant this seed in the ground, will it become a pear tree, Hi? Yes.Thats strange. Its an apple seed.Do you think that we have a beautiful world now?the seathe forestair pollutionindustrial pollutionsmog = smoke + fogwater pollutionwater pollutionenvironment p

2、ollutionnoise pollutionAre trees important to us?A What do you know aboutBrain storming: Trees are very important in our daily life. What can we get from trees? use- eat- drink- wear- A What do you know aboutBrain storming: Trees are very important in our daily life. What can we get from trees?use-e

3、at-drink-wear- pencils, chopsticks, tables, chairs, paper fruit, nutstea(leaves), coffee(beans)flowers, shoes(rubber)Before you read the interview on the next page, try Before you read the interview on the next page, try this quiz about trees.this quiz about trees. A Ba mice i 70 yearsb pine trees i

4、i 150 yearsc tortoises iii 40100 yearsd dolphins iv 1,200 yearse people v 2 years1 How long do they live? Match the items on the left 1 How long do they live? Match the items on the left with the with the average agesaverage ages on the right. on the right.2 Pollution means making things dirty and u

5、nhealthy. Which type of pollution do trees help fight?A air pollutionA air pollutionB noise pollutionB noise pollutionC water pollutionC water pollutionD all of the above D all of the above 2 Pollution means making things dirty and unhealthy. Which type of pollution do trees help fight? Air pollutio

6、n: Air pollution: The leaves of trees remove The leaves of trees remove dangerous chemicals and dirt dangerous chemicals and dirt from the air and produce from the air and produce oxygen.oxygen. 2 Pollution means making things dirty and unhealthy. Which type of pollution do trees help fight? Water p

7、ollution: Water pollution: Trees around reservoirs help Trees around reservoirs help keep the water clean by keep the water clean by removing dust and dirt from removing dust and dirt from the air, and their roots prevent the air, and their roots prevent the soil from being washed the soil from bein

8、g washed into the o the water.2 Pollution means making things dirty and unhealthy. Which type of pollution do trees help fight? Noise pollution: Noise pollution: Trees reduce noise from Trees reduce noise from vehicles.vehicles.3 Which of the following come from trees? a apple a apple b bea

9、ns b beans c cotton c cotton d oil d oil e tea e tea f rubber f rubber4 The best-known plants in Shenzhen are azaleas. These sweet-smelling flowers are known as the flowers of Shenzhen city. Which picture shows azaleas?banana treespalm treesazaleasB look and thinkB look and thinkBefore you read the

10、interview, look at the title, introduction and pictures. Then say whether the following sentences are T or F.1 The pollution fighters are probably scientists.1 The pollution fighters are probably scientists.2 Few useful products come from trees.2 Few useful products come from trees.3 Trees produce h

11、armful gases.3 Trees produce harmful gases.4 Trees can pass information to one another.4 Trees can pass information to one another.FFFTI. 英汉互译:关于污染的课题采访某人3. 对感兴趣 4. 在地球上5.对有用6. 在尾部7. 喜欢呼吸纯洁空气 8.因为某事感谢某人 be interested in on Earth be useful for the end of interview sb.thank sb. for sth. enjoy breathin

12、g fresh airI. 英汉互译:9.使得凉爽10.例如11.昆虫12.袭击/攻击某人13.警告某人14.保护自己 15.尝起来很难吃16.和某人交流17.处于危险中 insect attack sb. warn sb. protect oneself for example be in (great) danger taste bad communicate with sb.I. 英汉互译:18.把根连在一起19.砍下20.消灭21.抵抗污染 destroyfight against pollutionjoin the roots togethernC1 Find these words

13、 in the interview on page 17, read the words around them, choose the best meanings.1. collecting a. picking someone up b. bringing things together c. buying2. join a. take park inb. put awayc. make two or more thing together3. communicating with attackingb. sending messages toc. joining4. in dangera

14、. not dangerousb. safec. not safe 5. burn a. saveb. damage something by firec. make warm6. destroying protectingb. helpingc. damaging badly n7.againstna.fornb saying no to nc.saying yes toC Find the meaningsC Find the meanings A B project a talking to someone and asking them questions interviewing b

15、 say that something bad or dangerous may happen breathing c a careful study of a subject by school or student nature d a life-giving gas found in air warn e taking in air a chemical f something produced by or used in chemistry cut down g cut something to make it fall down C2 Find the words in Column

16、 A in the interview and C2 Find the words in Column A in the interview and match them with the meanings in Column B.match them with the meanings in Column B.Fill in the blanks with correct words. The old man is so weak. He can The old man is so weak. He can _stand._stand. I must _you not to go out.

17、There is a I must _you not to go out. There is a storm coming.storm coming. This country has few _ resources.This country has few _ resources. The farmer used a _ to kill the insects The farmer used a _ to kill the insects in their fields.in their fields.hardlywarnnaturalchemicalFill in the blanks w

18、ith correct words.7. These days we can _with 7. These days we can _with pen-friends by e-mails.pen-friends by e-mails.8. The TV progr8. The TV progra am _ a famous film m _ a famous film director about his latest film.director about his latest film.9. The water in the stream was not polluted. It 9.

19、The water in the stream was not polluted. It was _.was _.10. He forgot to turn off the air conditioner, so it 10. He forgot to turn off the air conditioner, so it was _ all night.was _ all municateinterviewedpurerunningD Find the factsThese are some of the notes that Judy made from her interview wit

20、h Doctor Ray. However, she made four mistakes. Read through the interview and correct Judys mistakes. Trees: Trees:1 Live much longer than people;1 Live much longer than people;2 produce wood, rubber, paper, etc;2 produce wood, rubber, paper, etc;3 heat the air;3 heat the air;4 cant clean the air;4

21、cant clean the air;5 are like air conditioners;5 are like air conditioners;6 cannot protect themselves against insects;6 cannot protect themselves against insects;7 can share food and water with one another;7 can share food and water with one another;8 are in danger, mainly from insects.8 are in dan

22、ger, mainly from insects.heat-coolcant-canpeople/ humanscant-canRita is asking May questions about trees. May is giving Yes or No answers .Read Ritas questions and complete Mays answers with one or more words. 1 We get many useful things from trees, 1 We get many useful things from trees, dont we? d

23、ont we? Yes.Yes. Two examples are Two examples are wood and rubber.wood and rubber.2 Trees do two main things 2 Trees do two main things to the air, to the air, Is that true ? Yes.Yes. They They cool it and clean it.cool it and clean it.3 One tree has the power of 3 One tree has the power of 15 air

24、conditioners. Is that right? 15 air conditioners. Is that right? No.No.One tree has the power of One tree has the power of five air conditioners.five air conditioners.4 Do scientists know a lot about trees?4 Do scientists know a lot about trees? No.No. They are They are only now beginning only now b

25、eginning to understand them. to understand them.5 Can trees communicate with 5 Can trees communicate with one another? one another? Yes.Yes. For example, if insects For example, if insects attack a tree,attack a tree, it can warn its neighbours. it can warn its neighbours.6 And can they protect them

26、selves 6 And can they protect themselves from insects? from insects? Yes.Yes. They can produce They can produce a chemical to a chemical to make their leaves taste nasty. make their leaves taste nasty.7 Can trees help one another?7 Can trees help one another? Yes.Yes. For example, they can For examp

27、le, they can join their join their roots together underground and pass roots together underground and pass food and water around. food and water around.8 Every year, there are fewer and fewer trees 8 Every year, there are fewer and fewer trees in the world. Is that true?in the world. Is that true? Y

28、es.Yes. People People cut down millions of trees, but cut down millions of trees, but replace hardly any of them.replace hardly any of them.A quiz about numbersRita is taking part in a tree-planting campaign. She is writing a poster 海报 to attract people to join. Judy is helping her. Listen to them t

29、alking, and complete the poster by putting one word in each blank.参加参加Eight reasons for helping to plant trees:Eight reasons for helping to plant trees:1 Trees make streets more _.1 Trees make streets more _.2 Trees make streets less _.2 Trees make streets less _.3 Trees make our air _.3 Trees make

30、our air _.4 Trees make our air _.4 Trees make our air _.5 Trees make _ to keep us alive 5 Trees make _ to keep us alive and _.and _.6 Trees provide us with _ things like 6 Trees provide us with _ things like _ and _._ and _.7 Trees help us fight _.7 Trees help us fight _.8 Trees are in _.8 Trees are

31、 in _.beautifulnoisypurercooleroxygenhealthyusefulfruitpaperpollutiondangerJ:Hi, Rita. What are you doing?J:Hi, Rita. What are you doing?R:Hi, Judy. Im just writing a R:Hi, Judy. Im just writing a posterposter about about tree-planting.tree-planting.J:Oh, thats interesting. Can I help you?J:Oh, that

32、s interesting. Can I help you?R:Yes, please! why we should plant trees. R:Yes, please! why we should plant trees. Can you give me some ideas?Can you give me some ideas?J:Well, trees are very beautiful.J:Well, trees are very beautiful.R:Yes. They make our streets more beautiful.R:Yes. They make our s

33、treets more beautiful.J:And they help to reduce the noise on our J:And they help to reduce the noise on our streets.streets.R:Thats true. Trees make our streets less R:Thats true. Trees make our streets less noisy. What else?noisy. What else?J:Well, they help make the air purer.J:Well, they help mak

34、e the air purer.R:Good. Number3. Trees make our air purer. R:Good. Number3. Trees make our air purer. J:And they make it cooler, too.J:And they make it cooler, too.R:Right. Trees make our air cooler.R:Right. Trees make our air cooler.J:And dont forget- that trees makes oxygen. J:And dont forget- tha

35、t trees makes oxygen. We need that to We need that to breathebreathe! !R:Thats a good pointR:Thats a good point. Number 5. Trees make . Number 5. Trees make oxygen to keep us alive and healthy.oxygen to keep us alive and healthy.J:And we get things from trees,J:And we get things from trees, dont we?

36、 dont we?R: You mean like fruit? R: You mean like fruit? J: Yes, and paper.J: Yes, and paper.R: Right. Trees R: Right. Trees produce useful thingsproduce useful things like fruit like fruit and paper. and paper. J: And they help us J: And they help us fight pollutionfight pollution. .R: Thats import

37、ant. Trees help us fight R: Thats important. Trees help us fight pollution. Anything else?pollution. Anything else?J: Well, people cut down so many trees.J: Well, people cut down so many trees.R: Yes. Trees are in danger. There , thats R: Yes. Trees are in danger. There , thats eight reasons. Thanks

38、 for your help, Judy.eight reasons. Thanks for your help, Judy.J: Youre welcome.J: Youre welcome.现在进行时：表示现在正在发生的事情现在进行时：表示现在正在发生的事情构成：构成：be +动词的现在分词动词的现在分词肯定句：肯定句：I am reading.否认句：否认句：He is not working.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Are they planting trees? Yes, they are./No, they arent特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：What are you doing n

39、ow?A1 Work in pairs. S1 is Bob and S2 is Ada. Ada is on holiday with friends. Bob is phoning her and asking her what all their friends are doing. Ada is telling him.dive fish play sunbathe eat hang-glide practise windsurfS1: What is Ted doing?S2: Hes playing volleyball with Carol.For example:dive fi

40、sh play sunbathe eat hang-glide practise windsurfFor example:Pair work 2S1: Is Ted playing volleyball?S2: Yes, he is. No, he isnt. Hes_.有一些动词是不用于现在进行时中的，它们用一有一些动词是不用于现在进行时中的，它们用一般现在时表示现在进行的动作。般现在时表示现在进行的动作。For example:hear containhate smellbelieve lovebelong think(=believe)see meanlike tasteknow und

41、erstand听听包含包含憎恨憎恨闻闻相信相信热爱热爱属于属于相信，认为相信，认为看看意思是意思是喜欢喜欢品尝品尝知道知道理解，明白理解，明白For example:S1 : Alan is singing.(现在进行时S2 : I know. I hear him.一般现在时Exercises:Mary is whistling.(吹口哨) I _. I _ her.2. Tom is dancing. I _. I _him.3. Dinner is ready.准备好了 I _. I _ it.knowhearknowseeknowsmellTheres sugar in your te

42、a. I _. I _ it.5. Youre not eating any nuts. I _. I _ them.Youre eating a lot of chocolates. I _. I _ them.7. Youre playing that CD a lot. I _. I _ it.knowtasteknowhateknowlikeknowloveDanny: The doorbell _. May: I _. I _ it .May: Your dinner is on the table. Danny: I _. I _ it. It _ good.Danny: Thes

43、e cars _ to me. Rita: I _ you.is ringingknowhearknowseesmellsbelongdont believe4 Rita: I_her. What_? May: I _ that she _ Be quiet!5 Rita: Look! The baby _. May: Yes, she _ that youre her friend.6. Danny: Why is your case so heavy? May: It _ books.dont understanddoes she meanthinkmeansis smilingknows

44、contains反意疑问句反意疑问句(tag question)又叫附加疑问句，是在又叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句后，对陈述句所表达的事提出的疑问。陈述句后，对陈述句所表达的事提出的疑问。其根本结构有两种：其根本结构有两种： 一一 “肯定陈述句肯定陈述句+简略否认问句；简略否认问句； 二二 “否认陈述句否认陈述句+简略肯定问句。简略肯定问句。反意疑问句的前后两局部在时态，人称和数上都反意疑问句的前后两局部在时态，人称和数上都要保持一致。要保持一致。 It looks like rain, doesnt it? He doesnt need to work so late, does he?1 Th

45、e boy is Japanese, _he?2 The book isnt interesting, _ it?3 He knows a lot about English names, _ he?4 The girl doesnt like apples, _ she?5 There are two birds in the tree, _ there?6The man came to China last month, _ he?isntisdoesntdoesarentdidnt完成以下反意疑问句完成以下反意疑问句 1.陈述局部的主语是this, that时，疑问局部的主语多用it;陈

46、述局部的主语是these, those时，疑问局部的主语多用they。This is a dictionary, isnt it?Those are shelves, arent they?2.陈述局部是there be结构的，疑问局部用there省略主语代词。There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?There will not be any trouble, will there?3. 陈述句中含有not, no, hardly, neither, never, nothing, no one, nobody, few, li

47、ttle, seldom, tooto等否认词或具有否认意义的词时，疑问局部常用肯定形式。如：Few people knew the news, did they?Tom has never been to England, has he?4. 如果陈述句的主语是something, nothing, anything, everything 等不定代词时，反意疑问局部的主语多用it。 5. 如果主语是lm，后反意局部用arent l.l m late , arent l? 7 Youre a farmer, _ _?8 The weather isnt fine, _ _?9 Kate ca

48、me here last month, _ _?10 I dont think Tom is at home, _ _?11 There werent enough nuts, _ _?12 Theres a pen in the pencil-box, _ _?13 The man had bread for lunch, _ _?14 Mary can speak little English , _ _?15 Nothing is wrong with the watch, _ _?完成以下反意疑问句完成以下反意疑问句arent youis itdidnt sheis hewere th

49、ereisnt theredidnt hecan sheis it You are from Hong Kong, _?Youve done your homework, _?Jane can speak four languages, _?They didnt work all night,_?He has never seen such a wonderful film,_?Bob seldom goes to the cinema, _?Few people knew her, _?Speak louder, _?It cost 15 dollars, _?1. Lets go for

50、a walk ,_?arent youhavent youcant shedid theyhas hedoes hedid theywill youdidnt itshall we完成以下反意疑问句完成以下反意疑问句Attention:1.简短问句的否认形式，要用缩写形式，不能出现not，主语要用人称代词不能用名词.Her mother is a doctor , isnt she?There is a book on the desk, isnt there?2.对反意疑问句的答复，是根据事实，而不是根据问题的提法。He isnt a doctor, is he ? (他不是医生，是吗？)Y

51、es, he is . (不，他是医生。)No, he isnt. 是的，他不是医生。11. It will clear up, _?12. Everybody had a good time at the party, _?13. Miss White had lunch at 12 oclock, _?14. We cant cross the street when the red light is on,_?15. There is nobody in the classroom, _?16. Its good for you to do some sports, _?17. Let

52、us watch TV for a while, _?18. He can have another try, _?wont itdidnt theydidnt shecan weis thereisnt itwill youcant he 19.Hes an English teacher, _?20. Dont be late next time,_?21. Let us go out to play, _?22. He never goes there, _?23.Lets finish some sentences, _?24.Martin is bad at fishing, _?2

53、5.Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?26.The sick man is allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, _?27.You havent changed your mind, _?28.Your fathers gone to Guangzhou, _?isnt he will you will you does he shall we isnt he could he isnt he have you hasnt heB Debbie and Simon

54、 have taken their seats at the lecture and are waiting for it to start. The usher引引导员导员，门门房房 speaks to them. Read the conversation below and on page 103, and put in suitable question tags. The first is done as an example. U: Can you show me your tickets, please? U: Can you show me your tickets, plea

55、se? D: But youve already seen them once, D: But youve already seen them once, havent you?havent you? U: But Im asking to see them again, U: But Im asking to see them again, arent Iarent I? ? D: My friend has them. Simon, show the usher D: My friend has them. Simon, show the usher our tickets, our ti

56、ckets, will youwill you? ?U: Mm. Im afraid these tickets are U: Mm. Im afraid these tickets are for tomorrow. for tomorrow.D: Oh, youre not going to tell us to leave, D: Oh, youre not going to tell us to leave, are youare you? ?U: Im afraid so. These people have tickets U: Im afraid so. These people

57、 have tickets for today. for today. D: They wouldnt like to change tickets with us, D: They wouldnt like to change tickets with us, would they?would they?U: Im afraid not.U: Im afraid not.D: Then well have to leave, D: Then well have to leave, wont we?wont we?U: Thats right, but you can come back U:

58、 Thats right, but you can come back tomorrow, tomorrow, cant you?cant you?D: No. Tomorrows Tuesday, D: No. Tomorrows Tuesday, isnt it?isnt it? Every Tuesday Every Tuesday Simon and I go to choir practice, Simon and I go to choir practice, dont wedont we, Simon?, Simon?S: Thats right. It wouldnt be p

59、ossible for us to get S: Thats right. It wouldnt be possible for us to get our money back, our money back, would itwould it? ?U: Ill see what I can do. Lets go to the office, U: Ill see what I can do. Lets go to the office, shall weshall we? ?S:I thought you didnt make silly mistakes, Debbie. S:I th

60、ought you didnt make silly mistakes, Debbie. Well, you made one over the tickets, Well, you made one over the tickets, didnt youdidnt you? ? 有一些动词可以接两个宾语：有一些动词可以接两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语My friend sent me an e-mail.The mother bought her son a teddy bear.Can you hand me your book?注意注意