过去分词作宾语补足语PPT课件

1、Past participles used as object complement(过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾语补足语)Grammar第1页/共30页We think him clever. What he said made me angry.They consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.宾语宾语宾补宾补带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词某些及物动词 +直接宾语直接宾语 + 宾语补足语宾语补足语第2页/共30页1. His father named him Daming. 2. The

2、y painted their house white.3. You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.5. We saw her entering the room. ( (名词名词) )( (动词不定式动词不定式) )( (现在分词或其短语现在分词或其短语) )( (形容词形容词) )( (省略省略toto的动词不定式的动词不定式) )第3页/共30页5. We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 6. We take E

3、nglish as a useful tool for research work.7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in.9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. ( (过去分词过去分词) )( (用用as引出引出) )( (介词短语介词短语) )(副词副词)( (从句从句) )第4页/共30页作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 1.及物动词及物动词(短语

4、短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足的过去分词用作宾语补足 语时语时, 宾语即是过去分词的宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语逻辑宾语, 宾语宾语 和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系被动关系。 如如: I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。我想把这封信寄出去。 2. 少数不及物动词如少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的等的 过去分词作宾语补足语时过去分词作宾语补足语时, 仅表示仅表示动作完成。动作完成。 因此因此, 宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上 的被动关系。的被动关系。第5页/共30页如如: She

5、found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上在回家的路上, 她发现项链不见了。她发现项链不见了。3. 动词动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义意义, 因此因此, 虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系的主动关系, 但也只能用它们的过去分词但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。如如: When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我

6、进来时我进来时, 发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。第6页/共30页1. 使役动词使役动词 get, have, make, keep, leave 等后等后, 可用过去分词做宾语补足语可用过去分词做宾语补足语, 表：表： “致使某人或某事被致使某人或某事被”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 第7页/共30页2. 感官动词感官动词fee

7、l, find, hear, notice, see, watch 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后, 表表: “感受到某人或某事被做感受到某人或某事被做”。I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.第8页/共30页Fill in the blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name _. I found Tom _ the window.I found the win

8、dow _.callingcalledbreakbroken第9页/共30页I had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my foot injured.She found his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned. have sth./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. g

9、et sth./sb doneI saw him scolded by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw her robbed by a man. see sth./sb. doneI made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched him killed. watch sth./sb done第10页/共30页3. 表示“意欲; 命令”的动词如: like, order, want, wish, 相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。I wish these l

10、etters (to be) typed as soon as possible.He didnt want such question discussed at the meeting.The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 第11页/共30页看 watch, notice, see, look at, observe catch 听 hear, listen to感 feel 闻 smell 发现 find情感 want, wish, like使役 keep, leave, get, have, makesth./sb. donest

11、h./sb. 被第12页/共30页1) I have had my bike _, and Im going to have somebody _ my radio tomorrow. A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing C第13页/共30页2) _ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder _ . A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; stolen C. To ha

12、ve entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen B 第14页/共30页3) We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly. A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling settle 解决A 第15页/共30页4. 有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态语态, 这时过去分词改这时过去分词改作主语补足语作主语补足语, 说明主语所处的状态。说明主语所处的状态。The door was f

13、ound broken.Her bag was found stolen when she woke up.第16页/共30页5.“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中结构中, 过去分词过去分词用作介词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了凶手被带进来了, 他的他的双手被绑在背后。双手被绑在背后。(表方式表方式)With water

14、heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热水一被加热, 我们就会看到水蒸气。我们就会看到水蒸气。(表条件表条件) With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决事情得到解决, 我们都回家了。我们都回家了。(表原因表原因) 第17页/共30页注意：在这一结构中在这一结构中, 当宾语为某一身体部位当宾语为某一身体部位, 且作且作宾补的动词是及物动词时宾补的动词是及物动词时, 身体部位通常是身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语过去分词的逻辑宾语, 因而过去分词不可换用因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。现在分词。 She stood

15、 in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前她站在他面前, 眼睛注视着他的脸。眼睛注视着他的脸。(fix ones eyes on 为固定短语为固定短语, 因此因此, 不可将不可将句中句中 fixed 换为换为 fixing ) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。他仍然举着手站了一会儿。第18页/共30页当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时, 用现在分词的形式。 She felt her heart beating fas

16、t. 她觉得心跳很快。 (beat 意为“心跳”, 是不及物动词)第19页/共30页掌握“使役动词 have + 宾语过去分词”的几种含义: 在“ have 宾语过去分词”结构中, 过去分词作宾语补足语, have 也可用 get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义:1) 意为意为“主语请别人做某事主语请别人做某事”。如：。如：He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。他明天想去检查眼睛。(“检查检查”的动作由医生来进行的动作由医生来进行)第20页/共30页2) 意为意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测

17、的事情事情”。如：。如： Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. 当心当心, 否则会弄伤手的。否则会弄伤手的。 3) 意为意为“使完成某事使完成某事”, 事情既可以是别人做完，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。如：也可以由主语参与完成。如： He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了。他今早把墙漆了。(主语自己可能参与主语自己可能参与) 第21页/共30页6. 过去分词与不定式过去分词与不定式, 现在分词作宾补的现在分词作宾补的区别区别: 三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系三者与宾语逻辑上都是主

18、谓关系, 但但过去分词过去分词强调他们之间的强调他们之间的被动关系被动关系, 不定式不定式强调动作发生的强调动作发生的全过程全过程, 现在分词现在分词强调他们之间的强调他们之间的主动关系主动关系, 正在进行。正在进行。I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.I saw her taken out of the classroom.第22页/共30页省略to的情况：1) 情态动词 (除ought 外, ought to);2) 使役动词 let, have, make;3) 感官动词 see, w

19、atch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补, 省略to。注意: 在被动语态中则to不能省掉。I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.第23页/共30页1. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newlyelected president is having

20、 a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled2. With trees, flowers and grass _ everywhere, my native town had taken a new look. A. planting B. planted C. to plant D. to be plantedCB 第24页/共30页3. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. tak

21、ing4. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be knownC B 第25页/共30页5. I can make you _ what I say, butyou cant make yourself _ in English.A. understand; understandB. understand, understoodC. to understand, understandD. understand; to be understoodB 第26页/共30页6. He found them _ at a table_A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play che