误差理论和测量平差基础课程设计汇本报告

1、 PAGE10 / NUMPAGES10 导线网平差计算间接平差法计算待定点坐标平差值任务及精度要求某工程按城市测量规X（CJJ8-99）布设一、二级导线网作为平面控制网，主要技术要求为：平均边长200 m，测角中误差，导线全长相对闭合差，最弱点的点位中误差cm。经过测量得到观测数据，方向和角度为等精度观测值、方向和测角中误差，边长为光电测距、测距中误差为，根据所学的“误差理论与测量平差基础”提出一个最佳的平差方案，完成该网的平差计算，并写出课程设计报告。导线网资料1、已知点成果表点 名坐 标(m)编号已知坐标方位角XYA11768.7148419.242A-A274 23 34B10878.

2、3028415.114B-B 8 10 27C11131.9597722.199C-C194 20 122、角度和边长观测值角号角度观测值边号边长观测值(m) 1 86 43 161221.6502182 22 432195.8433188 59 573229.3564115 23 374189.7815131 27 465 98.1636113 08 376154.7737176 33 437148.3378123 09 058151.4809 70 04 349187.75110203 16 4111165 40 2912165 59 583、导线网略图4、导线点及结点的近似坐标点 号12

3、34567X0（m）11547.10611351.62711127.71611067.43511147.02511101.94811093.055Y0（m）8414.9338403.0038353.3348430.7847876.2378017.5598168.778【选用间接平差方案的理由】间接平差方法中的误差方程，形式统一，规律性较强，便于计算机的程序设计；所选参数是平差后所需要的最后成果。【解题过程】本题21，即有21个误差方程，其中12个角度误差方程，9个边长误差方程。必要观测数t = 27= 14。现选取待定点坐标平差值为参数，即由已知点坐标及待定点近似坐标计算各边的近似方位角，近似

4、边长，并算出系数、。列表如下：点名(角号)（）观测角坐标方位角观测边长近似坐标近似边长cossina(/mm)b(/mm)- A A 123BB43CC567386 43 16182 22 43188 59 57115 23 37176 33 43123 09 05131 27 4670 04 34203 16 41165 40 29165 59 58113 08 37274 23 34181 06 50183 29 33192 30 25.68 10 274 44 10.5307 53 39.8194 20 1284 24 49.8107 41 27.493 21 5679 21 48221

5、.650195.843229.356189.78198.163154.773148.337151.480187.75111768.71411547.10611351.62711127.71610878.30211067.43511127.71611131.95911147.02511101.94811093.05511127.7168419.2428414.9338403.0038353.3348415.1148430.7848353.3347722.1997876.2378014.5598168.7788353.334221.650195.843229.3533189.781098.1442

6、9154.7730148.337151.480187.78259-0.9998-0.9981-0.97630.99660.61420.0973-0.3039-0.05870.1846-0.0194-0.0609-0.21660.0826-0.78910.99530.95270.99830.9828002.7018.71000-31.59-0.0181-0.0641-0.19480.0897-1.65851.32631.32471.35941.07950.93041.05130.8780-1.0831-1.2909-0.12970.42270.0799-0.20282.由此可得误差方程：角度：边

7、长：3.确定角和边的权设单位权中误差，则角度观测值的权为各导线边的权为4.计算角度和边长误差方程的常数项，并列表如下表二：角1234567891011120.0181-0.08220.0642000000000-0.93041.9817-1.051300000000000.0642-0.25900.19480-0.19480000000-1.05131.9293-0.878000.8780000000000.19481.4637-2.73811.274301.6585000-1.079500-0.87802.1689-1.0882-1.080801.29090000.2028000-1.658

8、51.65850-0.0897-1.56880000000-1.29091.290901.0831-2.374000000000000-1.32632.651-1.32470000000000.12970.293-0.42270000000000-1.32472.6841-1.3594000000000-0.42270.5026-0.079900001.0796-1.07950000-1.35942.43890000-0.20270.20280000-0.0799-0.122900-55.4821.66-20.6-1.40-25.34-43.60.461111111111113.93188.9

9、8581335762.971912.3767-15.01248.697312.06937.9519-0.5302-8.8385-17.376186 43 20182 22 521890010115 2340131 27 58113 08 22176 33 52123 091770 04 42203 16 40165 40 20165 59 41边123456789-0.99980.99810000000-0.01940.060900000000-0.99810.97630000000-0.06090.216600000000-0.97630-0.6142000-0.184600-0.21660

10、0.7891000-0.98280000.99660.614200000000.0826-0.79810000000000.09730.303900000000.9953-0.952700000000-0.30390.058700000000.9527-0.998300000000-0.05870.184600000000.99830.9828002.7018.71000-31.590.450.510.440.531.020.650.670.660.53-5.0523-4.8389-7.178717.1390-7.8790-4.55162.6122-1.76417.4371221.645195

11、.838229.349189.79898.155154.768148.340151.478187.7585.1334-4.126010.7104-16.07228.049116.600716.41939.3898-3.3944-4.2412-8.9994-3.2873-7.8573-4.987211547.1068414.93311351.6278403.00311127.716353.33411067.4358430.78411147.0257876.23711101.9488017.55911093.0558168.77811547.1118414.92911351.6388402.987

12、11127.7248353.35111067.4518430.79311147.0227876.23311101.9398017.55611093.0478168.7735.法方程的组成和解算：故6.平差值计算：（1）坐标平差值将表二中的坐标改正数加上近似值，即得平差值，结果见表二最后一行。（2）观测值的平差值将表二中的改正数与已知导线点表中的观测值相加，即得观测量的平差值见表二最后一行。7.精度评定单位权中误差：待定点点位中误差及点位误差椭圆元素：点 号EF11.60460.46830.019219.397410.479122.047319.497910.29160.715421.98440

13、.86610.042321.571214.251025.853621.769813.95470.713631.18360.7707-0.074816.659513.443221.400615.1998+1.3832i15.1998-1.3832i1.3609-0.1735i41.25610.40430.014417.16229.736719.731617.27529.53440.855750.29591.20440.06558.329816.805318.756817.23497.40101.508560.78631.7290-0.062813.578620.135324.285719.710

14、814.1873-1.498871.09901.65930.041116.053219.936325.598220.301615.59201.50858.成果汇总经比较，各点点位中误差均符合要求，故成果汇总如下：点 名坐 标(m)点位误差(mm)点位误差椭圆元素备注XYEF111547.1118414.92919.397410.479122.047319.497910.29160.7145211351.6388402.98721.571214.251025.853621.769813.94570.7136311127.7248353.35116.659513.44321.406615.1998 + 1.3832i15.1998 - 1.3832i1.3609 - 0.1735i411067.4518430.79317.16229.736719.731617.27529.53440.8557511147.0227876.2338.329816.805318.756817.23497.401018.7568611101.9398017.55613.578620.135324.285719.710814.1873-1.49887