发改委王燕京kai采访英文-c draft xq zhf

1、Kai 采访英文-MPEG-1，1.5 Mbps00:00:00I gave a newto students, sincehe discusof climate changethings remain often very general, very far away. And I showed themt theocean isof all a place of tremendous beauty, but also of tremendous value,t the ocean gives a lot of servito us humind.气候变化时，往往都是泛泛而我向展示了一个全新

2、视角。之前谈，提到的东西让人感觉距离实际生活很遥远。所以我向他们展示，海洋首先是一个广阔而美丽的地方，而且具有巨大价值，可以在多方面为人类服务。00:00:26Andt as part of those serviit also mediates climate change, so is anactive roleaking oarbon dioxide,aking out heat, so up to now itsrescues us,hat respect.在海洋的诸多作用中，调节气候变化是其中的一项重要功能。特别是在吸收二氧化碳和热量方面，海洋起着积极的 作用。所以到目前为止，海洋一

3、直在救助，这是毋庸置疑的。00:00:45Andt is,t warprising news for many students, they did not knowt.When I was going down to ocean life, and the many aspects we can see here, so not only biodiversity, but also the threat to our single populations like, for instance fish, spel fishes, or other wildlifehe ocean.不过对很

4、多学生而言，这或许是不可思议的，因为他们并不知道这一点。就我所深入了解的海洋生命来讲，包括多样性，而且还会对某些单一种群在此目睹的许多方面，它不仅关乎生物威胁，譬如鱼类，一些特殊的鱼类，或是海洋中的其他野生动物。00:01:09And I was astonished to see how they reacted because it, they, after the lecturethey appreted the ocean iy different way.学生们的反应让我很吃惊，因为在听完的方式表达了对海洋的敬畏。讲座后，他们开始以一种完全不同00:01:23And my aim t

5、o gain.目标就是去获取。(question unclear)（问题不明）00:01:30Ok, so with the ocean being now on their mindset, they have somethingt iscloser to their living. Its still an important earth system compartment, but not sofar away as say a scenario for (unclear word)he future.很好，既然现在学生们已开始关注海洋，他们就会对海洋产生更贴近自己生活的认知。虽然海洋

6、仍然是一个重要的地球系统区划，但在孩子们心中已不再那么遥不可及，神秘莫测。00:01:45The ocean is something they can, or they could in principle feel or perceive rightnow. They just go outside to Qing of the life there.beach they see the ocean and they see some现在，海洋立刻变成了他们可以、并且愿意去感知、去主动认识的对象。比如，孩子们奔向青岛海滩，和大海亲密接触，从而认识了一些近海生物。00:02:01so it

7、brings the entire set of topics of climate change closer to people. But theocean has lots of othroblems, not only climate change. It sufferstremendously under different usages of humind, for instance pollution or over fishing.于是，这就会引起一系列完整的气候变化相关话题，并且与人类关。但关于海洋还有许多其他的问题，气候变化仅仅只是其中的一个方面。人类对于海洋的利用可谓五花

8、八门，而这也对海洋造成了极大的危害，例如污染、过度捕捞等等，不一而足。00:02:26And all these things were mentioned and awareness was createdt I thinkt lasted, for instance for the science drama where many tried to express theirnew feelings they have, espelly for the marine environment.对于上述种种行为，学生们均有所提及，而且有了一定的认识。例如，在他们排演的科普剧中，许多学生试图表达

9、出他们对此类问题、尤其是对海洋环境的全新感受。00:02:46And seeingt was giving me very good feedback or feeling, as well as um, they,um, the environment is not only the global planet far away, but it can be say, a bitsmall as a local environment, but also as something in betn.看到这些，我感到十分欣慰：这代表着良好的反馈，也说明了在孩子们心目中，环境不仅仅是关乎整个地球、

10、遥不可及的事情，它可以是具体而细微的问题，与每个地方关，同时也包括介于二者之间的东西。00:03:06And the ocean is often overseenhat respect, and I hopet my input there,my contributions helped to change this.在这方面，海洋常常被忽略，我希望通过自己的一点绵薄之力来帮助改变这一现状。00:03:20Well there wasof all a problem of language. I was probably the only onewho was not able to spe

11、ak Chifrom the teachers side.t actually createda problem, I realized my lectures.t later on when I was asking people what they got from在此，我不得不首先提一下语言问题。从教师方面讲，我可能是这里唯一一位不会讲中文的老师。实际上这也了沟通不畅的问题，我也是后来在问听众听完后获得了哪些启发时才这一点。00:03:40From theernational students side I would say not everything was captured,bu

12、t the major message was transmitted, so they learnt about major proses in the ocean.从国际学生方面看，说，并非我所讲的每一点他们都了，但最主要的信息的确得到了很好传达，他们因此可能了解了海洋中发生的一些重要变化。00:04:00They also realizedt we needed change in our behavior towards the ocean,and the basic word was respect.他们可能还，需要改变自身对海洋的行为，并且牢记必须尊重海洋。00:04:13And

13、I had the feelingt also the Chistudents got this message.同时我也感觉到，中国的学生们也深刻领悟到了这一精髓。00:04:22t was also an people want toe here from the wrap up we hadt now severale marine scientists, so this is of course good news for usscientists.t is because this our resource we need, we always needenvironmental s

14、cience, but also marine science.在总结时，还取得了一项成果，那就是现在已有好几位学生表示希望将来成为海洋科学家对科学工作者而言，这无疑是令人振奋的好消息，因为这正是括海洋科学。所需要的资源，永远都需要有人去环境科学，当然也包00:04:40We need young talented people to期待着年轻有为的新生力量，与e scientists as well.并肩迈进科学的殿堂。00:04:47t was also discussedhe wrap up, and they had the opportunity to expressthemselv

15、es. This comes from very small actions, buying eco-friendly products, for instance, trying to discuss things with their famis, with their friends,在总结阶段事做起，例如了这一问题，学生们有机会表达了自己的观点。从身边小环保产品、尝试与家人和朋友环保相关事宜等等，其中一些人可能会成为未来的环境科学家。00:05:06so very small things up larger activities like managing a project rel

16、ated to solor environmental ies. And I have seen quite impressive examples of what they do already right now.只要积少成多，个人行为就能发展成更进一步的活动，譬如管理与社会或环境问题相关的项目。目前为止，我已经看到了他们所做的努力，其中不乏令人印象深刻的例子。00:05:26east some of the participants they are already in with the combat against sol problems, environmental proble

17、ms, and climate change problems.至少知道已有部分参与者加入了应对社会问题、环境问题和气候变化问题的队伍。00:05:37And they have now been filled up again with new ideas and new stimulus to create novel initiatives on a medium scaut also on the individual scale theywont throw away a bottle easily now aftert workshop现在，这些同学头脑中全都是新的理念和新的激励，

18、支持他们采取全新举措，无论规模大小，也不管仅是个人行为，但我相信，座谈会之后，孩子们保证不会再随意丢弃空汽水瓶了。00:06:06And they will also spend a bit more time when deciding which product to buy ina market, whether a green product,anic food, or the conventional one.而且去市场购物时，他们也会多花一点时间来决定有机食品还是传统产品。哪种产品，是绿色产品、00:06:19And what this then scales up to larg

19、er levels so when they continue to communicate their actions. And this is what they do, and this is also what ispushed by theanizer of this workshop.当这种个人行为扩展到更大范围，会出现什么样的情况呢？孩子们会继续就自身的所作所为力推崇的。而这正是他们应当做的，也是本次研讨会主办方所大00:06:39Byroducing several media,t can be TV,t can be anything, they alreadydiscuss

20、ed implementing groups, discusgroupsheir schools. So if theyspread their changing behavior, their attitude, they will reauore people and this will create also awareness on larger levels.通过引入各种，包括电视，或是其他任何媒介，学生们已经了成立实施小组的问题，并在学校中开展了团队。所以，如果他们有意识就自身行为和态度的改变进行关注。，就会对的人产生影响，同时更广泛层面的00:06:57So they will

21、have their regional sayings course our trajectory of hope.siblyheir countries. And this is of而在这些学生他们各自的国家，也许会产生属于他们自己的区域性表达。当然，这样的发展轨迹也是所期望的。00:07:09The ocean is importantany respects.of all it takes up energy and heat,yeah, so it transports heat from the surface oceano the deep ocean, andthelps to

22、 mediate climate change or say neutrally speaking say the heat budget of our planet or the atmosphere is in part, but not only, but in part controlled by the ocean.海洋的重要性体现在诸多领域。首先，海洋吸收能量和热量，将热量从海洋表面转移到海洋深处，有助调解气候变化，或者从中立的角度讲，有助进行地球的热量预算，但这并非海洋的唯一部分大气。能；从某种意义上讲，海洋还控制着00:07:35This is about ocean phys

23、ics. Thesibly more relevant pros is the (unclear)or capturing of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide.这属于海洋物理学范畴。而与人类可能更关的过程，则是（听者注：不太清楚）捕捉温室气体，特别是。00:07:51There are two pathways by which the ocean takes up carbon dioxide, the one way is chemical-physical, pump by which the atmospheric CO2

24、is just taken up.的途径有两种，其中一种就是发生化学-物理反应，通过二氧海洋吸收化碳溶于水这一过程来“”。00:08:03There is a complicated chemical systemt helps to dissolve the CO2 and then(unclear, maybe “downwelling”) waters bring these compounds to a regionwhere it iseast for the next decades not in direct contact with the atmosphere.这一过程中存在

25、非常复杂的化学系统，有助溶解，然后通过水体下沉将这些化合物携带至海洋深处的某一区域，使其至少在未来数十年不会与大气直接接触。00:08:24The problem of this physical pump ist we do not know exactly when this CO2will come back, but for sure after 10, 100, or 1,000 years it will come back, so thisis not a real capture, it is an这种“物理泵”的问题在于，ermediate buffer.无法确定这样产生的什

26、么时候回归大气，但非常确定的是，无论是十年、一百年还是上千年，这部分 究会回归；这不是真正意义上的“捕捉”，只是一个中间缓冲地带。终00:08:41But there is a second pros its called the biological pump, its a marine life, andespelly the, more specifically the more small phytoplton or unicellularallotropesat byng photosynthesis capture CO2 and transfer itoanic matter w

27、hich is then recycled.但还有另一种过程，其称为“生物泵”，海洋生物，特别是更小的浮游植物或者单细胞同素异形体，通过光合作用捕获然后被回收再利用。，将其转化为有机物，00:09:05So most oft is returned to the atmosphere, but a small fraction oftanicmattroducedhe upper surfaettles down and a smaller fraction of thisis then deited at the sea floor, building also more stable fo

28、rms and this CO2 orthis carbon is then taken away from the cycle, oreast over longer time scale.这样一来，大部分就会返回到大气中，但海洋表面产生的一小部分有机物中会固定下来，其中较少部分沉积到海底，形成更稳定的结构，这部分二氧化碳或者说碳就脱离了循环，或者说至少在相当长的时间内脱离了整体循环。00:09:32And this is the most promising service the ocean provides to ushat respect.这也是海洋为人类提供的最具意义的服务。00:

29、09:40So the question was on climate change, marine environment and young people.This, its a good question, and I raisedt during the wrap up, so what istheerlinkage betn global change, the ocean or the marine envirnment andyou, say you as an individual, or you as young people?因此，现在的问题就是关于气候变化、海洋环境和年轻

30、一代。这的确是一个很好的问题，我在总结中也提出了这个问题：全球气候变化、海洋或海洋环境和在座各位之间有着怎样的相互联系？也就是说，作为的角度讲，你能感受到这三者间的联系吗？或者从整个年轻一代00:10:02I got someeresting responses, its in part given by the dreams they haveexpressed later one, um, what do they want toe? Some want toescientists for instance, so the study of those systems of marine

31、environment and the climate system which are closelyerconnected is one say, individual actionoalt um,t is relevant oy small scale. 某些同学的反应让我觉得非常有趣，这可能与他们后面所谈到的自己的梦想有很大关系。他们想成为什么样的人呢？例些人想成为科学家，所以认为这些紧密相连的海洋环境和气候系统属于个人行动或目标，或者在很小的范围内具有一定相关性。00:10:39The changes in consumer behavior, and espelly the inc

32、rease in respecttowards environmental ies or say nature in general the ocean moreparticularly, is, I think its the basis of all individual action.就我个人来看，消费者行为的变化，特别是对于环境问题重视程度的上升，或者说开始关注一般性的性质问题以及更加具体的海洋问题，都是一切个人行动的基础。00:11:00And so I thinkt ifhree levels: the global level, theermediaevel or theocea

33、n and say the individual level, say they do fit together.因此我认为，在全球、中间或海洋以及个人这三个层面上，正的关键所在。能否达成一致，共动，才是真00:11:14Its a challenging goal of this workshop to trace as close anerlinkage but I haveseenexamplet may have succeeded in say,he science dramas,he tdreams ands sess, and alsohe discuss. I have see

34、nthey have grabbed elements of all those ies and formed their own solution,their own response to it. 此次研讨会的一项极具性的目标是，尽可能探索这三者间的相互关系。但就我所看到的，这一目标可能已经实现了，这体现在排演的科普剧中，他们倾诉的梦想和陈述的观点中，以及一次次的辩论中。我已经看到，他们已经案，予以了相应回应。了所有问题的精髓，并且形成了自己的解决方00:11:51They all liveheir own regions where sometimes the ocean does no

35、t play a bigrole, but sometimes it does, like the (unclear place name) or people living onislands, Malaysia for instance. 在他们各自生活的地区，有时海洋的作用并不明显，但有时它的作用又不可小觑，尤其对（地名不明）岛屿上的居民（例如）来说更是如此。00:12:06And for those people its quite obvioust for climate change, the ocean, andyouth do play together. 显而易见， 对这些人

36、而言，气候变化、海洋和青年一代有着紧密的联系。00:12:14Yes, they I think, those young people, the campers, will protect the ocean.因此，我认为，这些年轻人，的营员们，他们将会挺身而出，为保护海洋而战。00:12:20As mentioned the people you cane a scientist, you cane a memberof an NGO, you can create a small project, and we have seen examplest thesesmall project

37、s can be one, twoprojects, small funding, small aim, stillquite effective. 如前面提到的那样，你可以成为一名科学家，可以成为一名非政府组织成员，也可以创建一个小型项目，而且已经看到，这些项目规模可以非常少，甚至只有一两个人，的成效。不多，目标也不大，却仍可以取得非常大00:12:44Depending on the communication, and um,t can then lead to largeinvolvement, sayt you,he deciwhat you do as a job, say or a careerdecit you will try to bringt question, is my life working time, or hasthis va