新编大学英语二版教案book1-unit

1、Unit 4 Fresh Start“Life is just a field of newly fallen snow, and where you choose to walk every step will show.”Part One PreparationProverbs and sayings (You may choose several from the following sentences to introduce to your class):1. A good beginning is half done. / Well begun is half done. / A

2、good beginning is half the battle. (良好的开端是成功的一半。)2. A good beginning makes a good ending. (善始者善终。)3. Even great towers start at ground level. (万丈高楼平地起。)A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. （千里之行，始于足下。） In doing anything the first step is the most difficult. （万事开头难。）A single spark

3、 can start a prairie fire. （星星之火，可以燎原。）7. Let us watch well our beginnings and results will manage themselves. (Alexander Clark)8. In every phenomenon the beginning remains always the most notable moment. (Thomas Carlyle)9. Winning starts with beginning. (Robert H. Schuller)10. Mighty things from sm

4、all beginnings grow. (John Dryden)11. The beginning is the most important part of the work. (Plato)12. Start by doing whats necessary; then do whats possible; and suddenly you are doing the impossible. (St. Francis of Assisi)13. The beginning sets the rules. (Cooley, Mason)Brain Storming:1. College

5、life is an especially important period of time. If life were a piece of colorful drawing, college life would be one of the brightest colors. If life were a meaningful poem, college life would be one of the most beautiful wordsLet the students make more sentences orally in this structure “If life wer

6、e, college life would be”2. Talk about the times when you might write or call home from college. Try to use words and expressions like “when”, “whenever”, “often”, “usually”, “once”, “once/twice a week/month”, “as soon as”, etc. Example (1): “I may call or write home when I get lonely.”Example (2):

7、“I will call home whenever I miss my parents.”Useful Information:Coming to University will have an enormous impact on your life and on those around you. You may feel excited and yet also terrified at the same time.Its natural for you to feel anticipation and excitement at the beginning of your colle

8、ge life. You may feel eager to study in a new environment, to know your new teachers and classmates. Your life is a fresh start; a world made new and full of opportunities. However, to feel anxious and uncertain is also very common among new students. If you are a freshman who is leaving home for th

9、e first time, you are taking on the challenge of separating from your family, starting a process of finding your own independent identity in the unprotected, unfamiliar larger world. Whilst leaving home may be full of excitement, for some students, the separation from loved ones back home can cause

10、a deep sense of sadness and loneliness. If you are a new student still living at home, you may experience the psychological upheaval of establishing an independent identity away from parents, and this could change your relationships with friends and relatives.You will also probably find that you nee

11、d to develop ways of belonging, of fitting into your new environment, especially when everything around you is new and pressurized.Sorting out the details of enrolment, timetabling and finding your way around are in themselves stressful.Combined with demands for academic work and trying to establish

12、 a social life, the stresses can build up and appear enormous. It is normal to feel some stress during the early weeks of your new university career.As you become familiar with your new university career, they will ease!Here are some suggestions for you:Coping with Changing RelationshipsA lack of co

13、mmunication with partners, friends and relatives can lead to anxiety and insecurity.Whilst making new friends and starting a new life at university, continue to keep contact and tell them about your new experiences. If you believe that those around you have too high expectations, talk to them about

14、the way you feel and let them share your fears as well as achievements. Coping with Academic Work: Find out your timetable; the lectures and seminars you are expected to attend; what assignments and presentations are required, and their deadlines.Find out what resources are available to you and how

15、to access them: computers and other technology, library books, stationary. Brush up or learn new study skills such as seminars on computing. Plan your workload!Thinking ahead means you can reserve the resources that will help you complete your task, and you will avoid last-minute panic. Care for You

16、rself! Eat regularly and try not to exist only on fast food. Go to the dining hall - you may meet others who are new and alone too. Plan your budget. Include travel, phone bills, the books and some other items you will need to buy, and dont forget to budget for enjoyment too! If you are unhappy with

17、 any element of your student life, try to deal with it. Ask for advice and support from your teacher or other academic staff, the Student Union, Counseling Service, and other students. Dont just wait until it feels like an insurmountable problem.Warm-up: A Freshmans AlphabetSee the textbook p.105. C

18、omplete the words, and then work in groups to prepare a short speech or story entitled “A Freshmans School Life”. Ask the students to use as many words from the Freshmans Alphabet as possible. Invite the students to give a speech in front of the class (one speech for one group) or role-play a story.

19、A Speech The Doors that are Open to UsListen to a speech “The Doors That Are Open to Us” by Hong Ye and have a discussion: 1) How many doors are there in the college life? What are they? 2) Whats the first door for you in your college life?Part Two In-class Reading. Pre-ReadingPair Work:Do you still

20、 remember your first day at school? Try to recollect it and share it with your partner.How did you feel the first day you arrived at university? Did you feel like a stranger? Did you find the university just as you had imagined? In what way was it different?What satisfies you most in your university

21、 life? What are your difficulties here?Group Discussion:What are your expectations of university? What kind of changes do you think it will bring upon your life? Discuss with other members in your group, and then give a speech. Passage ReadingPreview Worksheet:1. LISTENING (Style; General idea; Pron

22、unciation and spelling)2. READING (Main idea; Structure and logic; Questions on the texts; Language and grammar)3. THINKING (Theme; Concepts; Questions for discussion)New Words:1. accidentally adv. by chance 偶然地, 意外地 (Antonym: intentionally) e.g. 1) We accidentally broke the radio. 2) My father acci

23、dentally locked me out of the house. adj. accidental 偶然的e.g.1) accidental death; 2)an accidental error2. await (Line 7, Para. 2) vt. wait for等候 e.g. 1) A great throng awaited us. 2) A busy day awaits.和wait的词义辨析: 两词均含有“等待”之意。wait (vi.) 着重指静候于某处，直到期待之人、物或事物的来临或出现。很少用作及物动词。e.g. 1) Dont wait if I am lat

24、e. 2) Many enthusiastic fans were waiting for famous singer Jay Chow to arrive at the airport.await (vt.) 有时可与wait互换，但await的语气更为正式，常用于书面语中，往往着重指不断等待认为必然会出现的人或事，有时含耐心之意。e.g. 1) Success never comes to those who await it idly. 2) All people were awaiting their king to return. 请用 “wait”或 “await” 两词的适当形式

25、填空:His wife never keeps him _ . (waiting)Ill _ you in the car. (wait for)An especially good dinner _ us at the inn. (awaited)3. barefoot adj.赤脚的walking barefoot in the grass; a barefoot boy4. cafeteria n.自助餐厅e.g. 1) school cafeteria 2)This cafeteria serves good honest food.5. campus n.（大学）校园 campus

26、activities校内活动on(the)campus在校内6. clasp n. 扣子, 钩, 紧握, 抱住 v. 扣紧, 紧握, 搂抱, 密切合作clasp hands紧紧握手,结成联盟He gave my hand a warm clasp.他热切地紧握我的手。7. completely adv.十分, 完全地The question foxed me completely.问题完全把我难住了。He completely misconceived my meaning.他完全误解了我的意思。A strong emotion overmastered him completely.8. c

27、rash (Line 33, Para. 8) n. 1) loud noise when something falls over 撞击声，跌落声，爆裂声；a crash of applause一阵掌声 There was a loud crash in your room. Im sure that it was your cat that was making trouble. 2) accident where cars, planes, etc., are damaged (交通工具的)剧烈碰撞事故；碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁e.g. an air crash； a car crash；

28、It is quite a pity that famous poet Xu Zhimo was unfortunately killed in a plane crash. 3) a crash program应急措施head - on crash正面碰撞v. 碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等)破产, 垮台 9. differently adv.不同地 反义词 alike, equally; similarly 1) Youll notice that the people in England speak quite differently from Canada.2) If

29、 he had known that, he would not have answered differently.10. dine vi. 吃饭, 进餐e.g.1) When do you dine? 2) Suppose we dine together. 3) Were going to dine at Davids tonight. 4) The managers going to dine with us tonight.11. dorm n. 宿舍(=dormitory)coed dorm俗大学中男女同住的宿舍students eating family style in the

30、 dorm学生们在寝室里吃家常饭12. expectation n. 期待, 预料, 指望, 展望, 数期望(值)answerable to expectation与希望相符be contrary to ones expectation出乎意料地an unreasonable expectation;不合理的期望；eyes shining with expectation.眼中闪耀着期盼的目光beyond ones wildest expectation 大大出乎某人的意料e.g. 1) Its our expectation that you will do well. 2) To thei

31、r disappointment, the result was contrary to their expectation.13. freshman n. 新生, 大学一年级学生 sophomore; junior; senior in my freshman year我是新生那年; a freshman senator任期未满一年的议员a viewy freshman富于幻想的大学一年级生1) It is quite unusual for a freshman to be younger than seventeen or older than twenty. 2) We intend

32、this news report as teaching material for freshmen. 3) Most Ivy League freshman classes are chosen from a motley collection of constituencies.常春藤联合会的大部分新成员选自于五花八门的候选人集合体4) Almost a third of the freshmen said they were working during the summer vacation. 5) About one - fifth of the freshmen reported

33、that they had been brought up in small towns.14. grin n. 露齿笑, 裂口笑 v. 露齿而笑 smile; laugh; giggle grin from ear to ear嘴咧得大大地笑a sheepish grin局促不安的咧嘴一笑a foolish grin滑稽的咧嘴an unreserved grin of approval毫不拘谨地咧嘴大笑以示同意e.g. 1)His face broadened out into a grin.他咧开嘴笑了起来。2) A mischievous grin was among the child

34、s many charms.顽皮露齿而笑是这个孩子可爱的特征之一15. grope (Line 10, Para. 3) vi. feel with the hand n 摸索同义词 feel around fumble poke around grope ones way摸着走;探索解决办法grope about for information到处搜集情报grope for an answer搜寻一个答案groped for the telephone去摸电话e.g. 1) We are groping after the truth.我们在探索真理。2) She groped for he

35、r cellphone in her bag. 3) He groped for the door handle in the dark.他在黑暗中摸索着找门把手。16. hesitation (Line 7, Para. 2) n. waiting and not deciding 犹豫, 踌躇 without hesitation毫不犹豫地,立即have no hesitation in saying毫不犹豫地说e.g. 1) A qualified soldier should march forward on battlefield without hesitation.2) For

36、a political leader, hesitation is apt to connote weakness.对一个政治领袖而言，犹豫含有软弱之意3) Without a moments hesitation, she jumped into the river to save the drowning girl.17. jazz n. (20世纪产生于美国的一种舞曲性音乐)爵士乐, 喧闹 adj. 爵士乐的, 喧吵的, 颜色过于艳丽的 vi. 奏爵士乐, 跳爵士舞, 游荡 vt. 奏爵士乐, 使活泼jazz music爵士音乐jazz band爵士乐队a jazz hound舞迷hot

37、 jazz强烈而又即兴的爵士乐funky jazz质朴无华的爵士乐have a sneaking fondness for jazz内心喜爱爵士乐Dont jazz me.别骗我progressive jazz现代爵士乐I really go for progressive jazz. 18. junk n. 垃圾,乌七八糟的东西；舢板 debris; litter; rubbish; scrap; trash; junk shop旧船具商店;贬古董商店junk price赔本价钱junk mail(不写收件人姓名、地址的)邮寄宣传品junk jewelry假珠宝,口不值钱的服饰珠宝，廉价珠宝

38、junk dealer废旧品船具商人junk art(用废料制成艺术品的)废料艺术19. junk food垃圾食品；美俚无大营养价值的填肚子食品(常指爆米花等小吃)My son likes junk food such as crips, sweets and fizzy drinks.我儿子喜欢吃炸土豆片、糖果和汽水一类只能填饱肚子的食品。 wholesome food有益健康的食物20. ketchup n. 调味蕃茄酱 21. literature n. 文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献world literature世界文学underground literature地下出版物t

39、ravel literature旅行文献supplementary literature补充读物,补充参考书sensational literature令人感情激动的作品pure literature纯文学open literature公开的文献资料native literature本族文学22. opportunity n. 机会, 时机 chancewaste/ overslip/ lose an opportunity错过机会equal employment opportunity就业机会均等embrace/catch an opportunity利用/抓住这一机会a distinct/

40、 prodigious opportunity 难得的/绝好的机会 23. pitifully (Antonym: pitilessly) pity pitiful Its a pity that24. puddle n. 水坑, 胶土, 污水坑, vt. 搅浊, 混凝 vi. 捣成泥浆 e.g. 1) fell into the middle of the puddle2) There are several puddles on the playground.3) The puddles skimmed over during the cold night.夜间寒冷,水潭结上了冰25. r

41、ear (Line 18, Para. 5) n. the back后部, 后面, 背后, 后方, 屁股the rear of the hall.大厅的后部the rear wheels of a carPlease move to the rear of the bus! The dining hall is in the rear of our teaching building.adj. 后面的, 背面的, 后方的rear fin尾翼vt. 1）bring up 抚育，培养, 培养, 饲养, 栽种rear poultry(饲养家禽); rear children; to rear she

42、ep; to rear a familyMrs. Gao Yaojie adopted and reared countless AIDS orphans.2) 举起, 树立, rear a ladder立起一架梯子; rear a flagpole竖起一根旗杆rear a monument to a persons memoryvi. 高耸, 暴跳, 用后腿站起 26. rear end hip27. relax vi. 放松, 休息, 休养, 变从容 vt. 使松驰, 缓和, 使松懈, 使休息 同义词 ease up; loosen; rest 反义词 tighten relax the

43、muscles松弛肌肉relax ones pace放慢步伐relax ones grip松开手relax ones attention放松注意力,疏忽relax at the seashore在海边休养28. safely adv. 安全地, 确实地n. safetyadj. safeThe spaceship landed safely. He got home safely. The child crossed the road safely. The wheat crop is safely in.小麦已经毫无损失地收到家了。29. schedule (Line 11, Para. 3

44、)n. a list of planned activities or things to be done at or during a particular time日程表, 时间表, 进度表 curriculum schedule课程表; a train schedule火车行车时刻表; a production schedule生产进度计划表e.g. 1) The next thing on the famous singers schedule is to attend a news conference in a nearby hotel. 2) The new train sche

45、dule is available everywhere in the railway station.v.美 排定，安排, 确定时间The train is scheduled to arrive at 8:45 pm, but its running twenty minutes late. 30. seriously adv. adj. serious 1) 认真地, 真诚地weigh the matter seriously认真考虑这件事Management has seriously underrepresented the firms financial problems.2) b

46、adly严重地 be seriously ill生重病be seriously hurt受重伤31. slip 1) n. 滑倒, 事故, 片, 纸片a deposit slip; a sales slip.存款单；收据a termination slip美解雇通知书a reminder slip催询单 2) vi. 滑动, 滑倒, 失足, 减退 3) vt. 使滑动, 滑过, 摆脱, 闪开, 塞入slip a knot解开一个绳结 slip the gears into neutral把齿轮推入空档 4) adj. 滑动的, 活络的, 有活结的 slip of the tongue无意中说错

47、话slip of the pen笔误a slip of a boy一个瘦小的男孩32. sweat n. 汗 v. (使)出汗 sweat suit运动服sweat pants运动长裤to sweat a patient使病人发汗be bathed in sweat浑身大汗beads of sweat汗珠33. tiptoe n. 脚尖, 趾尖 vi. 用脚尖走He stood tiptoe upon a little hill.(踮足而立) The children were on tiptoe before the birthday party.(急切地等待着) I tiptoed pas

48、t the sleeping child. (踮着脚) She tiptoed to the bedside of the sleeping child. (用脚尖悄悄地走) 34. tray n. 盘, 碟, 盘子a reminder tray意见箱shove a tray across a table;把盘子推到桌子另一边；a silver tray of excellent workmanship制作极为精巧的银盘1) Waiter with tray signals a cafe.侍者托着盘子表示这家是咖啡店。2) The boy wheeled and the fried eggs

49、leaped from his tray. (Ivan Gold)男孩原地转过身来，煎鸡蛋从他的托盘里抛了出去(伊凡戈尔德)3) A footman entered, and presented some mail on a silver tray. (Winston Churchill)一个仆役进来，将银托上的一些信件呈了上来（温斯顿丘吉尔）Text Structure:How I felt the first day on campus. (Para.1)1) I was wondering what I was doing. 2) I was standing pitifully.3)

50、It seemed that everyone on campus was watching me.4) I hoped no one would notice I was a freshman.Mistakes I made on my first class day and my reaction (Para.27)1) The first mistake I made: I went to the wrong class. (Para. 24)2) The second mistake I made: I stepped in a puddle of ketchup, dropped t

51、he food tray and fell to the ground. (Para. 56) 3) My reaction: I felt ashamed. (Para. 7)The mistake made by another college student: he also dropped the food tray and fell to the ground. (Para.8)His reaction to it: He seemed to feel that nothing serious had happened. My reflections on making mistak

52、es (Para.912)1) It didnt matter if one made mistakes in college. (Para. 911)2) Making mistakes is forgivable even after graduation. (Para. 12)Sentence Study:About the Title: “Fresh Start” means “A clean stateadding a good habit or giving up a vice or bad habit”新的开端，从头开始I decided I wanted nothing mor

53、e than to find my way safely to my dorm room. (Line 2) (我决定我最想做的就是要好好地回到寝室。)want nothing more than to do只想做e.g. Now, I want nothing more than to study English well and pass the CET-4.2keep my ears open and my mouth shut(ll. 4-5)这是keep带形容词或过去分词作宾语补足语的结构。e.g. 1) My job keeps me really busy.2) Take my

54、overcoat. It will keep you warm.3) There were toys to keep the kids amused.4) Its hard to keep the house clean with three kids.3. Once I was in the room (ll. 6-7)The word “once” here is a conjunction which means “as soon as; from the moment when” (一旦，一就)e.g. 1) Once she arrives, we can start.2) Once

55、 I have found somewhere to live, Id send you my address.4. So now what? (Line 13) The expression is usually used in spoken English, meaning “接下来做什么？”或“该怎么办？”5. Forget it! (Line 14) It is used to:1) tell someone that sth. Is not important or they do not need to worry about it.e.g. Im sorry I broke yo

56、ur teapot.Forget it!2) tell someone to stop asking or talking about sth. Because it is impossible.-Id like to take a weeks holiday.Forget it, we are too busy.In the text the author tells herself not to worry about sitting in the wrong class.6. I piled my tray with sandwiches and was heading for the

57、seat when I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup. (Line16)(我往托盘里装了些三明治就朝座位走去。就在这时，我无意中踩了一大滩番茄酱。)when在此句中表示 “这时 （突然）”。表此意时，when 往往放在句中。when 的三种用法：1) 所引导的从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。这时也可以用as或while。She entered the room when (while, as) the meeting was going on.2) 所引导的从句的动作先于主句动作。这时不能用as, while替换。When

58、I got up, I found a note on the table. 3) 表示“这时（突然）”I was walking along the road when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.7. So off to the cafeteria I went. (ll. 29-30)这里是将off to the cafeteria前置，意图是强调了戏剧性场面的发生地the cafeteria。8. I looked up to find that another poor soul had met the

59、 same fate as I had. （Line 33）(我抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。)不定式的主要功能之一就是作结果状语，这时不定式表示的动作往往在谓语动作之后发生。另外，不定式前也常加only引出结果。A few days later he came back only to find that the troops had left.She is very polite to show us the way.She awoke to find herself locked in a room.9. He got up, hands held high above h

60、is head in a victory clasp, grinning from ear to ear. (Line 39) （他站起身，咧嘴大笑，两手紧握高举在头顶，做出胜利的姿势。）注意句子中分词短语做状语的用法。grinning from ear to ear意思是grin very widely.10instead he turned around(ll. 37-38)The word “instead” means “in place of someone or something else that has been mentioned”.e.g. 1) We didnt hav