新高一衔接班英语讲义(1)

1、第一课时(公开课)为什么要上衔接班？ （1）初中和高中的差异： 1教材跨度大 与初中简单的基础英语相比， 高中英语容量大， 要求高， 节奏快， 这就致使很多学生一时难以适应。其实从高中英语的设置和心理学上分析，我们不难找到答案初中生升到高中，都有一种兴奋的心情。但在看到越来越多的新单词，越来越长的课文后；在听到越来越快的听力语速后；在碰到越来越复杂试题后，在老师的全英文授课的熏陶下，他们中的一些人不免会产生畏难的情绪，有的人就觉得自己不是学英语的料， 干脆就不学了。 其实这部分学生不是不想学， 而是觉得高中的英语教材与课堂与初中太不一样了， 就错误的认为自己没得救了， 这就好比吃惯了中餐的人会

2、觉得西餐很难吃， 而导致不愿意吃一样。2.初高中英语教法有所不同初中时候，学生习惯于老师用汉语解释英文,不习惯高中老师全英语教学,教师课堂常用语掌握太少;初中生习惯于老师对课文逐句翻译, 不习惯对课文篇章理解和深层理解;初中生习惯于老师教读生词，不习惯自己拼读，缺乏一定的音标知识；初中生习惯于听老师简单重复操练, 不重视思维能力的培养和语言的综合运用能力3考试内容不一样 山东省高考和济南市中考题型比较。（2）对策：1教材跨度大 未雨绸缪，衔接班为初高中英语搭桥。2.初高中英语教法有所不同。 打牢基础，以不变应万变；主动适应环境，而不是让环境适应你。3考试内容不一样。 知己知彼，百战不殆。凡事预

3、则立不预则废 和你一起迈好第一步辅导计划详解语音攻略大胆读出来 出错越多进步越大 2. 单词攻略 a.单词的重要性：b.记哪些单词： c. 如何记单词：谐音法 university math ambition pest amaze 词根词缀法 press pressure compress depressed depression express expression impress impression impressive oppressspect inspect respect expect suspect aspect special especial especially 联想法 t

4、end 伸展 intend attendance 在十舞蹈 attend extend 一枝红杏出墙来 pretend contend 3语法攻略：从句 4阅读攻略： 5写作攻略： 6听力攻略：练习 写出下列单词的汉语意思pressurecompressdepresseddepressionexpressexpressionimpressimpressionoppressimpressiveinspectrespectexpectsuspectespeciallyspecialespeciaaspectintendattendanceattendextendcontendpretend第二-三

5、课时一、语法精讲第一讲 对句子的认识零、基础知识还原十大词类名词-表示人或事物的名称形容词-表示人或事物的特征副词-修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词动词-表示动作或状态代词-代替名词、数词数词-表示数量或顺序冠词-限制名词的意义介词-表示名词、代词和其他词的关系连词-连接词与词或句与句感叹词-表示说话时的感情或语气一、按句子的结构可分三种：1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or

6、等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.二、 简单句的五种类型1. 2. 3. 4.give, offe

7、r, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,cost make, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, find等。5. 练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painti

8、ng!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in t

9、ime.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean an

10、d tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room. 20. The apples tasted sweet.二、单词精讲unit1 一、简单词汇have got to outdoorsin order to face to faceno longerhighwaysuitcaseovercoatjoin inwalk the doggo throughadd upset downfall in love二、谐音法联想法surveyupsetset up set downignore calm calm downloose lose thunderswap 死

11、卧铺三、词根词缀 A 词缀entire entirelyexact exactly second secondly lone lonely loneliness teen teenager part partner grate grateful 练习一 写出汉语意思A lyyearly monthly weekly daily friendly manly lovely deadlylively fatherly motherly earthly B disdisagree dislike discoverdiscourage encouragedispleasure discomfort d

12、istrust disuse C nessbusy business fair fairness good goodness happy happinessill illness sad sadnesssick sickness weak weaknessB词根1.pos put虽熟，pos 犹应牢记；下列单词，望文可以生义pose positioncompose composition expose expositionpurpose proposeoppose opposite suppose supposition2.fer 带 拿 differ difference offer pre

13、fer preference refer reference suffer sufferance sufferable confer conference 3. cover 覆盖 recover discover4. grat 高兴的 grateful congratulate congratulation5. cern 分离 concern concerning be concern with as far as I am concerned 就我而言金粉女郎 衣着光鲜很modern 现代的 一天换一个pattern 式样 得到无数的concern 关心 举止仪态用心 learn 学习 计划

14、把大款 govern 支配 想把钞票兜里 earn 赚到6. tire 累的 entire entirely enlarge entitle enrich encourage 7. part 部分 partner apart apartment partial facial depart 出国前夜见男友 我已决定depart 离开 明天就要start 动身 别放我在heart 心 今晚和你 part 分开 从此远隔重洋 apart 分离的8. dusk 盗版生涯贩卖盗版disk 光盘工作不用desk 办公桌自己带上 mask 面具怕被熟人 ask 问兜售总在dusk 黄昏勉强完成 task 任

15、务生存充满 risk 危险四、其他词汇 series a series of item tip dusty settle 五、作业 1. 句子成分 什么是定语？ 什么是状语？什么是主语？什么是宾语？什么是补语？2.简单句的五种类型？ 3.词汇练习in order to no longersuitcasego throughadd upset downsurveyupsetset up set downignore calm calm downloose lose thunderswap discoverdiscourage encouragedispleasure discomfort bus

16、iness fairness happinesssadnessweaknesspositioncompose expose purpose oppose suppose differ offer prefer refer suffer confer recover discovergratefulcongratulationconcern as far as I am concerned entire enlarge entitle enrich encourage partner apart apartment partial facial depart 第四-五课时一、语法精讲近四年山东卷

17、英语单选题考点分析21222324252627282930313233343507冠词名词从句介词辨析代词辨析动词短语非谓语名词辨析固定短语连词辨析定语从句形容词时态语态非谓语动词辨析定语从句08冠词介词辨析名词从句虚拟语气时态语态定语从句代词辨析动词辨析动词短语情景交际状语从句固定短语形容词名词辨析非谓语09情景交际非谓语动词代词辨析定语从句主谓一致动词辨析倒装状语从句名词辨析情景交际动词短语连词辨析介词辨析时态语态固定短语10情景交际冠词非谓语定语从句情态动词名词从句动词短语状语从句非谓语时态语态动词辨析代词辨析名词辨析情景交际形容词二、数据分析 1.语法题 从句 ： 07 3 08 3

18、09 2 10 3非谓语 ： 07 2 08 1 09 1 10 2时态语态： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1主谓一致： 07 0 08 0 09 1 10 0 倒装： 07 0 08 0 09 1 10 0情景交际： 07 0 08 1 09 2 10 2情态虚拟： 07 0 08 1 09 0 10 1 合计 ： 07 6 08 7 09 8 10 92. 词汇题 动词辨析 ： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1动词短语 ： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1形容词辨析 ：07 1 08 1 09 0 10 1名词辨析 ： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1介词辨析 ：

19、 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 0冠词辨析 ： 07 1 08 1 09 0 10 1连词辨析 ： 07 1 08 0 09 1 10 0固定短语 ： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 0代词辨析 ： 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1合计 ： 07 9 08 8 09 7 10 6第二讲 定语从句定语从句的概念定语从句先行词关系词She eats a red apple.She eats an apple and the apple is red.She eats an apple that is red.先行词全面理解先行词:名词；名词短语；句子For workers it c

20、an means an end to the security, benefits, and sense of importance that came from being a loyal employee.He arrived an hour later, which annoyed his girlfriend.先行词与关系词被分割先行词+其它定语状语+定语从句The mineral(矿物质) from the soil that are not usable by the plant must be dissolved(溶解) in the soil solution（土壤溶液） be

21、fore they can be taken into the root.作主语的先行词+谓语部分+定语从句 Questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers.The words used by the speaker may stir up (激起) more unfavorable reaction in the listener _ interfere (影响) with his understanding.A who B as C which D what三、关系词1. 作用与种类三个作用关系代词wh

22、o whom which that as whose 关系副词when where why关系代词的用法A that与which 的区别(定语从句中that的省略)The only thing （that）I can do now is go on by myself.B whose 的用法I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. which B. of which C. that D. w

23、hoseC as 的用法As everybody knows, Luxun is a famous writer.Luxun, as everybody knows, is a famous writer.as we all knowas often happensas you seeas is well knownas is expectedas has been said beforeas I can remember关系副词的用法A when的用法Ill never forget the time _ I spend on campus.Ill never forget the day

24、_we first met in the park . B why的用法I dont know the reason _ you were absent from the meeting, but I am not sure that someone will tell me the reason _ you havent told me.A why that B that why C because why D why why C where的用法1）Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight

25、 matters more than hearing. A. when B. whose C. which D. where2） Today, well discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A.which B.as C.why D.where四、介词+关系代词1.介词与定语从句中的动词、形容词搭配Human have the ability to modify the environment in which they live.He was generous wit

26、h his time, for which I was grateful.2. 介词与 先行词搭配By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which3.of which 的用法1） For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our fu

27、rther, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which2）The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which定语从句补充练习on in for of with toI disagree with the facts _ which your ar

28、gument is based.The song, _ which he was interested, will never be heard again.This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.I will never forget the way _ which my father taught me.This is the boy _ whom were proud.I want to find the very pen _which I wrote the letter.They are the boys _w

29、hom our teachers are speaking highly.It is necessary to name the person _whom the cards belong.It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your happiness.I would like to do business with those people _whom I can rely.03、(08上海卷 38) We went through a period _ communications were very d

30、ifficult in the rural areas. A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which04、(08上海春卷 38)37. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry，_ there wont be much work A. where B. that C. by which D. without which 12、(08陕西卷13) The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of wh

31、om B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which13、(08四川卷04)For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which14、(08福建卷31) By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the

32、top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which3. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. 2007 安徽 A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom6. He was educated at the local high sch

33、ool, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007 江苏 A. after whichB. after that C. in which D. in that11. It is reported that two schools，_ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. Athey both Bwhich both Cboth of them Dboth of which14. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in

34、 the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. 2007 重庆卷A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which15. Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. 2007 A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this11. (09陕西)Gun control is a subject_ Americans

35、have argued for a long time . A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which五、三年真题08年高考英语试题分类汇编：定语从句01、(08全国卷II 16) The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. it B. what C. which D. that 02、(08北京卷 28) Ill give you my friends home address, I can b

36、e reached most evenings. A. which B. when C. whom D. where03、(08上海卷 38) We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which04、(08上海春卷 38)37. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry，_ there wont be much work A. where B. t

37、hat C. by which D. without which 05、(08重庆卷 21)They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when06、(08山东卷 26)Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. who B. which C. why D. when07、(08江苏卷 24) The Science Museum, _

38、we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where08、(08江西卷35)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. where B. when C. who D. which09、(08安徽卷26) All the nei

39、ghbor admire this family, _the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. that10、(08浙江卷08)Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago.A. whom B. where C. that D. which11、(08湖南卷31)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond

40、 our control.most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that 12、(08陕西卷13) The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which13、(08四川卷04)For many cities in the world, there is no room to spre

41、ad our further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which14、(08福建卷31) By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above whichCdcda,daabd,bdcd.adddb,a

42、dddb,ddbbb.二、词汇精讲（1）温故而知新（1-2课时词汇复习）1。写出些列单词的汉语意思 university math ambition pest amazesurveyupsetset up set downignore calm downloose thunderswap 2.仿写Aexpress expressionimpress _compress _Bagree disagree like _ cover _courage _ pleasure _ comfort _ trust _ use _Cbusy business fair _ good _ happy _ill

43、 _ sad _sick _ weak _Dpose positioncompose _ expose _suppose _Ediffer difference prefer _ refer _ suffer _ confer _3填空金粉女郎 衣着光鲜很modern _ 一天换一个pattern _ 得到无数的concern _ 举止仪态用心 learn _ 计划把大款 govern _ 想把钞票兜里 earn _出国前夜见男友 我已决定depart _ 明天就要start _ 别放我在heart _ 今晚和你 part _ 从此远隔重洋 apart _8. dusk 盗版生涯贩卖盗版dis

44、k _工作不用desk _自己带上 mask _怕被熟人 ask _兜售总在dusk _勉强完成 task _生存充满 risk _二、unit2词汇精讲1 温故知新 office official rich enrich spell spelling light lighting use usagequest request旧知 apartment expression 2举一反三-ial space special face facialpart partial manager managerialmonitor monitorial different differentialpresi

45、dent presidential race racialen- enlarge endanger enable encourage-ing learning teaching feeling ageingbuilding legging coloring footing-age wordage percentage passage postagere-rebuild reconsider restart remarry3简单词汇subway 复习 highwaybecause of come up make use of such as play a part in block 形近词: b

46、lack cab 形近词: car lorry 形近词： sorry petrol 形近词: patrol (谐音;派出) latter 形近词 letter 4.词根1.act action active activity actor actress actual actually interact ineraction react reaction transact transaction 2.base basis basement database 3. sent present vt. 呈现；介绍；提出；赠送adj. 出席的；现在的n. 现在；礼物；瞄准at present prese

47、ntly presence 出席 到场 存在 仪表 仪态 (反) absence 缺席4. pre-1.前 prewar preschool preteen2.预先prepay premade prebuilt5.grad 走 gradual gradually graduate graduation postgraduate 6.voc vocable vocabulary advocate vocation6.identity i+dent牙齿+ity 通过牙齿来确定身份 身份7.flu fluent fluentlyinfluence influential fluid gas soli

48、d liquid 8. frequent free+quent frequently frequency 屡次 次数 频率9 mandcommand commander演皇帝的二流演员戏里给众人 command 下命令戏外神情仍grand 高傲的穿着一身名 grand 牌子跋扈让人不understand 10. lectcollection collectiverecollect dialectelect selectselection neglect村长选举村里正在elect 要把村长 select民意正在collect讲的全是dialect内容不能 neglect11. cognis 知道

49、recognizerecognise recognition“大鲨鱼”奥尼尔体型超大size球技广被recognize进攻战术 organize冠军梦想 realize收获无数prize12cent 百accent centurypercent13 straight 反义词 bent词根总结1.act active2.base basement3. sent present4. pre- prewar5.grad gradual 6.voc vocation7.flu fluent9 mand command10. lect collection11. cognis recognize12ce

50、nt century第六-七课时一、语法精讲第三讲名词从句概述本质常用连词thatwhether ifwho whom whatwhen where why howwhich whose嵌套结构A. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worn have shown is just how fast things are changing. B. The questions is how what you have

51、 learned can be put into practice. C. Prof. Lees book will show you _ can be used in other contexts. A that you have observed B that how you have observed C how that you have observed D how what you have observed 主语从句由that 引导的主语从句可以直接放在句首。That the plates are moving is not beyond dispute. 2. a. b.c.d

52、.e.翻译句子 When I decided to quit my full-time employment , it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend.连接代词whoever whatever whichever 的含义_ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A Anyone B The one C Whoever D Who三、 宾语从句1. 跟在动词后面The companies are working t

53、ogether to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A which B that C what D who2.也可以跟在介词后面I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A who B someone C whoever D anyoneCould I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales ,please?A anyone B someone C whoever

54、D no matter who 四、表语从句1. 从属连词if 一般不引导表语从句，但是as if 可以All this was over twenty years ago , but its as if it was only yesterday.2. 主语是reason 时 ，表语从句常用that 而不用why 引导The reasons for his absence was that he is ill . The infrastructure of a country is _ makes everything run smoothy. A how B which C that D

55、what五、同位语从句1.2.同位语从句被分割Evidence came up that specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.3. that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别The fact that we talked about is very importantThe fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.六、变形金刚试题1. _ is reported in the newspapers , talks betw

56、een the two countries are making progress.2. _ is reported in the newspapers that talks between the two countries are making progress.3. _ is reported in the newspapers is that talks between the two countries are making progress.4. _ talks between the two countries are making progress is reported in

57、 the newspapers.A It B As C What D That七、三年真题07 名词性从句1._ matters most in learning English is enough practice. 2007 全国卷IIA. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which2. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. 2007 上海卷 A. ThatB. WhatC. Whether D. Where3. The traditional view is _ we sleep b

58、ecause our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 2007 上海卷 A. whenB. whyC. whether D. that4. Could I speak to- is in charge of International Sales ,please? 2007 山东卷Aanyone Bsomeone Cwhoever Dnomatter who 5. You can only be sure of_ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might ge

59、t in the future. 2007 安徽卷 A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that6. Wheres that report? I brought it to you _you were in Mr.Blacks office yesterday. 2007 北京卷A. if B. when C. because D. befor7. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. 2007 A.how B.what C.

60、whichD.when8. Having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 2007 湖南卷 A. why B. that C. when D. where 9. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. 2007 江苏卷 A. whatB. whyC. how D. whether10. parents say and do has