大数据时代的组学研究课件

1、大数据时代的生命组学研究“Traditional” VS “Modern” waysBreakthrough of sequencing technologies1st : Sanger 2nd : Illumina Solexa; Roche 454; ABI SOLID3rd : PacBio SMRT; Oxford NanoporeHuman Genome Project(HGP)30亿美元30亿个碱基对1984199020032015The nations of the world must see that the human genome belongs to the world

2、s people, as opposed to its nations.- James D. WatsonThe 1000 Genomes ProjectThe 1000 Genomes ProjectAll organisms have a genomePlants&AnimalsTree of LifeGenome always be the initial understanding of a speciesLife is complicated and systematic 中心法则 & Omics基因组De novo 测序Re-sequencingMetagenomicsEpigen

3、omics转录组mRNAlncRNASmall RNADegradome蛋白组ProteomeMetabolomeATCGDe novo genomeComparative genomicsSynteny analysis Gene family expansion and subtraction Diversity between species Genome rearrangement Chromosome fusion and fission Ultra conserved elements Accelerative evolving regions Phylogenomics Gene

4、 expansion in the yak genomesensory perception energy metabolism Population genomicsWild yakDomestic yakPopulation structureSelection sweeps log-ratio0.65 and FST 0.17182 regions (14.5Mb, 0.54% of the genome)209 genesOverrepresented GO:Regulation of transmission of nerve impulse (GO:0051969)Arc, ASP

5、A, ATP2B2, MYO6, NTRK2, Rab40c, SNCA, and TG30 genes involved in Neurogenesis and behaviorOnly a few genes subject to physical characteristics and economically significant traitsEarly Domestication StageA trade-off between survival of yaks in a harsh high-altitude environment and performance under p

6、astoral conditionsDemographic history inferred from SFSDomestication of yak Human colonization in QTP Present2nd population expansionsbarley cultivation1st population expansionssettle and establish villages(agricultural settlements)5,20010,0007,0004,0003,000MetagenomicsEpigenomicsTwins Expression regulationGenomic imprintingTissue specific gene expressionDiseases relatedTranscriptomeProteome & MetabolomeSequencing Costs and DevelopmentTen highest-grossing drugs i