2022年初中英语讲义初二英语时态讲解一般过去时

1、学习好资料 欢迎下载一般过去时一、导入孩子弄的大人没脾气 儿子问老公：张飞他妈姓什么？老公：不知道。儿子：笨，姓吴，无事生非（吴氏生飞）都不知道。儿子再问：张飞他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍脑门：姓惹，惹事生非！儿子狂笑：笨死了！姓张！你不跟你爸姓呀。二、（ 1）专题讲解一般过去时1、定义： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。2、时间状语： yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a moment ago ,two

2、days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past ，at that time 等3、使用情况：（ 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 我昨天 7 点起床。(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。4.一般现在时的结构及句型变化结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式：（1)、结构一（谓语动词为 be 动词时）肯定句：主语 +be(was，were)+其

3、它 . （注： am,is was, are were）否定句：主语 +be+not+ 其它 . 一般疑问句： Be+主语 +其它 ? 学习好资料 欢迎下载e.g. I was late yesterday. e.g. They were in Bei jing last year. I was not late yesterday. They werent in Bei jing last year. Were you late yesterday？Were they in Bei jing last year ？Yes, I was. Yes, they were. No, I wasnt

4、. No, they weren t am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。（ was not=wasnt）are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（ were not=werent）(2）、结构二（谓语动词为情态动词时）(注意：情态动词can ，may ，have to 等等。）肯定句：主语 +情态动词过去式 +动词原形 +其它 . 否定句：主语 +情态动词过去式 一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+not+ 动词原形 +其它 . +主语 +动词原形 +其它 ? E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago. The old man couldn t swim

5、 30 years ago. Could the old man swim 30 years ago? Yes, he could. No, he couldn t. 常用情态动词过去式如下：cancould（能，会）maymight （可以）have tohad to（不得不）shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数will would （将要）用于所有人称(3)、结构三（谓语动词为实义动词时）肯定句：主语 +动词过去式 +其它 . 否定句：主语 + didn t +动词原形 +其它 . 一般疑问句： Did+ 主语 +动词原形 +其它？学习好资料 欢迎下载E.g. Li Ming s

6、tudied English this morning. Li Ming didnt study English this morning. E.g. We often played tennis in the past. We didnt often play tennis in the past. Did Li Ming study English this morning？Did you often play tennis in the past? Yes, he did. Yes, we did. No, he didnt. No, we didnt. 注： 1.谓语动词为实义动词时，

7、变否定句和一般疑问句一律找助动词 did 来帮忙（过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加 did 或 did not）2.前面出现了助动词，后面的动词一律用原形。3.变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中，第一人称和第二人称要相互交换。5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句：结构：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句？特殊疑问词 +did+ 主语 +动词原形 +其它？特殊疑问词 +was/were+主语 +其它？E.g. Where were you last night ？What did Jim do yesterday? Where did you walk to yesterday ？How did you find t

8、he job? 6、动词的过去式1、动词过去式的规则变化(1)、一般词尾加 -ed stay-stayed help - helped watch - watched ask - asked look-looked (2）、以 e 结尾的只加 -d hope-hoped love - loved dance - danced livelived （3）、末尾三个字母以“ 辅 字母，再加 -ed +元+辅” 结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音Stop- stopped plan- planned 学习好资料 欢迎下载drop - dropped beg - begged （4)、“ 辅音字母

9、 +y”尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-ed carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 2、动词过去式的不规则变化（见书后表格）7、 口诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 变 had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加 -ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后 didn 添；疑问句也不难，did 放在主语前；如果谓语之前有 did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是 was,were,否定就把 not 添。（2）变式练习一、写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are

10、_ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ _ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year.

11、 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. s Day. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childr enAll the students _ very excited. 学习好资料 欢迎下载四、巩固练习 一、句型 变换 。1、There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句： _ 一般疑 问句： _ 肯定回答： _ 否定

12、回答： _ 2 They played football on the playground. 否定句： _ 一般疑 问句： _ 肯定回答： _ 否定回答： _ 二 、用所 给动词 的适 当形式 填空。1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to the zoo yesterday, Tom _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _

13、 he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. We all _ (have) a

14、 good time last night. 五、拓展训练 一、句型转换。1、Lucy did her homework at home. （改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge （冰箱） .（变一般疑问句 ) 学习好资料 欢迎下载_ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句 )

15、_ there _ orange in the cup? 二、单项选择：1My father ill yesterday A isnt Barent Cwasnt Dwerent 2 your parents at home last weekA Is BWas CAre DWere 3The twins in Dalian last year They here nowA are; were Bwere; are Cwas; are Dwere; was 4 your father at work the day yesterday (前天）A Was; before BIs; before

16、 Cwas; are Dwere; was 5Who was on duty last Friday A I am BI was C Yes, I was DNo, I wasnt 三、用所 给动词 的适 当形式 填空。1. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean) 2. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do) 3. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 4. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last m

17、onth. (pick) 5. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 6. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 7. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 家庭作业一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式go _ _ enjoy _ _ buy _ _ eat _ _ get _ _ walk _ _ 学习好资料 欢迎下载take _ _ dance _ _ wr

18、ite _ _ run _ _ swim _ _ find _ _ begin _ _ eat _ _ play _ _ study _ _ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So he _ (get) up late. 3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 5. M

19、y mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 6. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 7. -When _ you _ (come) to china?-Last year. 8. _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 9. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 10. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I

20、 _ (have) no time to watch it. 初中英语不规则动词表 1.AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词花费cost k ?stcost k ?stcost k ?stcut k?tcut k ?tcut k ?t割，切hurt h ?:thurt h ?:thurt h ?:t受伤hit hithithithit hit打，撞letletlet letlet let让put putput putput put放下read ri:dread ri:dread ri:d读set setset setset set安排，安置spread spredspread spredspread

21、 spred展开，传播，涂spitspitspit/spat spitspit/spat spit吐痰 , shut ?tshut ?tshut ?t关上 , 闭起 ,停止营业学习好资料 欢迎下载2.ABB 动词原形过去式过去分词打败beat bi:tbeat bi:tbeaten bi:tn 3.ABA 动词原形过去式过去分词变become bik ?mbecame bikeimbecome bik ?mcome k ?mcame keimcome k ?m来run r ?nran r? nrun r ?n跑4.ABB （ 1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t 或 ed 构成过去式或过去分

22、词。动词原形过去式过去分词燃烧burn b ?:nburnt b ?:ntburnt b ?:ntdeal di:ldealt deltdealt delt解决dream dri:mdreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamtdremt做梦hear hi ?heard h ?:dheard h ?:d听见hang h?hanged/ hungh ?hanged/ hung 绞死，悬挂learn l ?:nlearned/learntl?:ntlearned/learntl ?:nt学习light laitlit/lighted litlit/lighted lit 点燃 , 照亮

23、mean mi:nmeant mentmeant ment意思provepru:v proved proven/provedpru:v ?n证明 , 证实 ,试验shine ?ainshone/shined shone/shined?un, ?n使照耀，使发光show ?ushowed showed/shown?un展示 , 给.看smell smelsmelled/smeltsmeltsmelled/smeltsmelt闻 , 嗅speed spi:dspedsped/speeded sped/speededsped加速spell spelspelled/speltspeltspelled/

24、speltspelt拼写wake weikwaked/wokew ?ukwaked/wokenw ?uk ?n醒来，叫醒 , 激发（ 2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“ d”改为 “ t ” 构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词建筑build bildbuilt biltbuilt biltlend lendlent lentlent lent借给rebuild ,ri:bildrebuilt ,ri:biltrebuilt ,ri:bilt改建 , 重建send sendsent sentsent sent送spend spendspent spentspent spent花费（ 3

25、）原形 ought ought 动词原形过去式过去分词带来bring bri?brought br ?:tbrought br ?:tbuy baibought b ?:tbought b ?:t买fight faitfought f ?:tfought f ?:t打架think i?kthought ?:tthought ?:t思考 ,想(4) 原形 aught aught动词原形过去式过去分词捉,抓catch k? t?caught k?:tcaught k ?:tteach ti:t ?taught t ?:ttaught t ?:t教学习好资料 欢迎下载（ 5）变其中一个元音字母动词原

26、形过去式过去分词掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等 ) dig di dug d ?dug d ?feed fi:dfed fedfed fed喂find faindfound found 发现，找到get etgot ?tgot/gotten ?t?n得到hold h ?uldheld heldheld held拥有，握住，支持lead li:dled ledled led引导 , 带领 , 领导meet mi:tmet metmet met遇见sit sitsat s? tsat s? t坐shoot ?u:tshot ?tshot ?t射击spit spitspit/spat sp?tspit/s

27、pat sp? t吐痰 , stick stikstuck st ?kstuck st ?k插进 , 刺入 , 粘住 , win winwon w ?nwon w ?n赢（ 6）原形 lt/pt/ft lt/pt/ft过去分词感到动词原形过去式feel fi:lfelt felt felt felt keep ki:pkept keptkept kept保持leave li:vleft leftleft left离开sleep sli:pslept sleptslept slept睡觉sweep swi:pswept sweptswept swept扫(7) 其它动词原形过去式过去分词下蛋 ,

28、 放置lay leilaid leidlaid leidpay peipaid peidpaid peid付say seisaid sedsaid sed说stand st? ndstood studstood stud站understand understood ,?nd ?st? ndunderstood , ?nd ?st? nd明白lose lu:zlost l?st, l ?:stlost l ?st, l ?:st失去had h? d, h ?d, ?dhad h? d, h ?d, ?d有have h ?vmake meikmade meidmade meid制造sell sel

29、sold s?uldsold s?uld卖tell teltold t?uldtold t ?uld告诉retell ,ri:telretold ,ri:t ?uldretold ,ri:t ?uld重讲，重复，复述5.ABC （1）原形 过去式 原形 +(e)n 动词原形过去式过去分词吹blow bl ?ublew blu:blown drive draiv drove dr ?uvdriven driv ?n驾驶draw dr ?:drew dru:drawn dr ?:n画画eat i:tate et,eiteaten i:t ?n吃fall f ?:lFell fel fallen f

30、 ?:l?n落下give ivgave eivgiven iv?n给grow r?u学习好资料欢迎下载生长grew ru:grown r?unforgive f ?ivforgot f ?tforgiven 原谅 , 饶恕know n ?uknew nju:, nu:known 知道mistake misteikmistook mistukmistooken 弄错 ; 误解 , overeat ?uv?i:t overate ,?uv ?reitovereaten (使)吃过量provepru:v proved proven/proved 证明 ,证实 , 试验take teiktook tukta