高考英语二轮复习专题书面表达

1、2009年高考英语二轮复习专题英语书面表达一.高考英语书面表达题的特点书面表达题旨在测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的 技能进行思想交流。从历年高考试卷来看，书面表达是指导性写作，即按照题目所给的目的、时间、对象、地点、内容、长度等条件去完成写作。它不同于命题作文，可以随意发挥； 也不是简单的句子翻译。必须做到行文切题，紧扣中心思想，不漏要点，并且意思连贯， 文理通顺，语言准确、得当。从近些年的高考英语书面表达题来看，我们基本上可以将书面表达题大致归纳为两种写 作类型：一类是文字性提示/表格提示写作；另一类是看图作文。二.高考作文评分标准各档次的给分范围和要求：第五

2、档（很好）（2125分）完全完成了试题规定的任务覆盖所有内容要点.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇.-语法结构或词汇方面有少许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词 汇所致，具备较强的语言应用能力.-有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，是全文结构紧凑，完全达到预期的写作目的.第四档（好）（16 20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务-虽漏掉了一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容.-应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求.-语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致.-应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑.达到预期的写作目的.第三档（适当）：（1115分）基本完成试题规定的任务-

3、虽然漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容.-应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求.-有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯.整体而言， 基本达到了预期的写作目的.第二档（较差）：（610分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容.语法结构单调，词汇项目有限.-有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解.-较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性.信息未能清楚的传达给读者. 第一档(差)(15分)未完成试题规定的任务明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求.语法结构单调，词汇项目有限.-

4、较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解.-缺少语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯.信息未传达给读者.0分：(未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或 所写内容无法看清.)三.写作的基本要求(1)中心突出，主题明确(2)层次清楚，条理清晰(3)表达力强，传情达意(4)语句通顺，句型多变(5)过渡自然，衔接紧凑(6)标点正确，大/小写无误四.方法指导根据我国英语教学现状(7)字迹清楚，卷面整洁大纲规定词汇的有限、地区差异性大，决定了在写作方面没有确定很高的的要求，书面表达实质上仍是 裁、人称运用正确的基础上必须做到以下四点:指导性写作因此一篇比较好的书面表达在

5、体写明全部或绝大部分要点语言基本无误行文连贯，表达准确字数符合要求，书写规范、工整五.书面表达六步法1、仔细审题、明确要求审题目要求考试时间有限，如果匆忙下笔，写糟了以后再重写，不仅卷面不整洁，而且时间也不允 许。因此，一定要对基本时态和特定要求要审清楚。 审文体要求根据高中英语教学大纲的要求，中学生应掌握的文体形式有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文（主要包括书信、日记、通知、便条等）。2、抓内容要点一般说，每篇文章有 5个左右的基本要点，要主意抓全，避免遗漏，同时也要注意要点 的组织和条理化3、将要点扩展成句完成该步骤时，一要搞清谓语所表示动作的执行者，选择好主语；二要搞清动作发生的 时间

6、，使用合适的时态；三要根据上下文和自己对题目要求和提示信息的进一步理解增加相 关句子成分，调整某些说法。另外，要做到用词有疑，另找替代”、法不成，另寻他途”选择使用自己最熟悉的词语和句型以及自己最有把握的表达方式，以达扬长避短的目的。对 于英语基础好的同学，要尝试变换句式，如强调句、倒装句、感叹句、省略句、各种从句和 固定句型等，长句和短句交错使用。4、连句成文，过渡自然完成该步骤时，一要注意前后句之间的过渡要自然。为了使文章在整体上结构严密，浑然一体，应该在句子与句子之间， 甚至段落与段落之间， 恰当地使用一些表示并列、递进、转折、因果等关系的连词或其他过渡性语句；二要根据行文和题目需要再加

7、上一些合适的内 容；三要根据行文，在需要时对短文进行适当分段。5、查错改错复读检验，通读全文，看看要点是否齐全，提示的英文词语是否用到，行文是否流畅， 句型、时态、拼写、词的搭配是否正确，大小写和标点是否规范，字数是否符合要求等等。 切忌草率定篇，敷衍了事。6、誉写注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整清楚，书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。卷面不工 整扣6分六.写作中常用的词语并歹U and; as well as ; also;选择 or; eitheror;or else; otherwise原因 because ; owing to; due to ;on account of ; thanks

8、 to结果 so ; therefore ; thus ; as a result时间 when ;soon after ; before; later ; first ; and then ; next ; finally;afterwards.比较 on the contrary ; on the other hand ; like转折 but ; yet; however ; although; in spite of ; instead ;递进 besides ; moreover ; even ; in addition举例 for example/instance; such as

9、 ; that is ;总结 after all ; in short ; in general ; generally speaking , in all, in a word逻辑角度合适的过渡性词汇时间顺序first, second, then, finally/at last , soon immediately, suddenly空间顺序here, there, on one sideon the other side,n front of, at the back of, next to对称顺序or one thing, for the other thing, on one han

10、d,on the other hand转折顺序but, however, while, though, otherwise因果顺序because, since, as, thanks to, as a result (of)条件顺序as long as, so long as, on condition that, if, unless让步顺序hough, as, even if/though, whether, who(what,when,where)ever递进顺序what s more, besides, to make the matter worse,what sworse过渡性插入

11、语think, I m afraid, you know, As we all know文章及段落起始的过渡词：To begin withTo begin with ,I d like to express my thanks to you.Generally speakingGenerally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can write in English.First of allFirst of all, doing exercise every day is important in keepin

12、g fit.文章及段落结尾的过渡词语：Therefore, thusTherefore (thus),it takes longer time to communicate in written English than in oral English.In conclusionIn conclusion, the international agreement should be made to prevent the world from the warIn briefIn brief, birth control is very important in China.In a wordI

13、n a word, country life is more beautiful than city life.七.以下面练习为例 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing的英文稿件。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完提示词： 游乐园 amusement park 垃圾箱 bin1.要点 +2田节 discuss plan + (different ideas;happy and excited)整过程。2.要点+细节Climb a hill + (morning/sunshine nice view/en

14、jo.要点 + 细节 collect litter/ rubbish+ (the top of hill/all kinds of litter ).要点 + 细节 Put litter/rubbish into the bin+ (different bins-recycle/non-recycle ) 范文：Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, clim

15、bing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, suc

16、h as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.We were tired but happy.八.巧妙转换句型，轻松应对写作在高考英语写作题中，由于时间的限制，许多考生写出的句子显得过于单调、呆板。其 实，要想在有限的时间里写出丰富、生动的句子并不难。只要对所学的英语句式加以转换， 就一定能使写出来的句子更加准确

17、、得体、简洁、灵活。词与词之间的转换.形容词转换为名词This painting is very valuable.This painting is of great value.动词转换为名词Our hometown has changed a lot these years.Great changes have taken place in my hometown these years.词与从句的转换As he was tired and hungry, the boy was unwilling to move on Tired and hungry, the boy was unwi

18、lling to move on.非谓语动词与从句之间的转换.动名词和从句的转换When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.On hearing his arrival, please give me an e-mail.分词和从句的转换A.现在分词与从句的转换As he was lying in the grass, he thought of his parents living in the countryside.Lying in the grass, he thought of his parents living in the country

19、side.B.过去分词与从句的转换Once it is seen, it will never be forgotten.Once seen, it will never be forgotten.不定式与从句的转换He spoke louder so that the audience could hear him clearly.To make himself heard clearly, he spoke louder.3If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.Weather permitting, we shall go there

20、on foot.(逻辑主语 + 现在分词)If everything is considered, his plan seems to be more workable.Everything taken into consideration, his plan seems to be more workable.(逻辑主语+过去分词)When this was done, we went home.This done, we went home.Given good luck, I will earn more money than all of you.Good luck given, I

21、will earn more money than all of you.Because there was nothing to do, we played games.There being nothing to do, we played games.(being 不可省略)5、句与句之间的转换.简单句与复合句的转换The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of. 一般句式与强调句的转

22、换I graduated from the university last summer.It was last summer that I graduated from the university.条件句与祈使句的转换If you go through the gate, you will find the entrance to Bear Country.Go through the gate, and you will find the entrance to Bear Country.宾语从句与状语从句的转换I wont believe what he says.No matter

23、what he says, I wont believe him.6、匕态”之间的转换.时态的转换The bell is ringing now.There goes the bell.主动语态变为被动语态People suggested that the meeting be put off.It is suggested that the meeting be put off.7、其他形式的转换.正常语序与倒装语序的转换Though Im weak I will make the effort.Weak as I am, I will make the effort.They will n

24、ever give up the struggle for success Never will they give up the struggle for success.陈述语气与虚拟语气的转换The ship didnt sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain. But for the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.九.HOMEWORK:假如你参加了一次植树活动，请根据以下内容写一篇短文。要求包括：时间、天气、参 加者(你的老师、同学们 卜植树地点及棵数、劳动场面及表现突出的人物、感想。注意使用以下词语：go all out鼓足干劲；