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1、Culture invasion or co-operationWhen Disney Company claimed that they will build the sixth Disney theme park in Shanghai, there spring up a wide variety of voices amonggeneral public. Based upon “globe newspaper” survey, about 56%of people consider that it will bring abouta lot of serious economical
2、 problems. Meanwhile, they also regard it as a culture invasion, even as culture crusher.There are some possible reasons for this voice. On the top of list,some peopleregard the culture invasion as a country s conquering another one through culture transform in peace time.What s more, it is often re
3、flected thatthe developedcountry try to control developing country s culture market and customs. Last but on the least, some people think that it is harmful to Chinese companies, because we use our land resource to server American companies.So far as I am concerned, in our age information times, cul
4、ture communication has become an essential composition of international co-operation. It is unreasonable that we protect our culture in the way of defending other culture.Therefore, Idraw my conclusion that various culture communications will prompt the development of society. In a word, we should r
5、egard it as a normal international co-operation between Chinese and American.The exposure drunk driver to societyNowadays, Nanjing government exposed 106 drunk drivers to society. Whengovernment claimed that it will continue for a while, there sprung up a wide variety of voices among general public.
6、Some people who object it may argue that the practice not only invades driversprivacy, but also affects drivers life. They often say, it is too strict that drunk drivers are exposed to the society after being punished. While other people such as policemen consider that the practice of exposure warn
7、drunk drivers against the next time they want to do it again and it made other drivers who never drive after drinking, and it will deduce the occurring opportunity of trafficaccidence.So far as I am concerned, I am inclined to support the later voice. It is of no difficult for me to put forward some
8、 arguments to illustrate my standpoint. For one thing, drunk driver is harmful to our society, based upon recent official survey, about 32% of traffic accidences be caused by drunk drivers. Drinking has become one of the major traffic accidences reasons. For another, the punishment is not really str
9、ictness, thus we would improve the measure of prevention.In a word, the exposure is not strictness.Needless to say, it will be an activerole of prevention drunk drive.F. Sports stars should not?earn high salaries. Agree or disagree?These days, there are an increasing hot topic among general public w
10、hich concerns the phenomenon that sports stars earn high salaries.Whenever it comes to this issue, there will spring up a wide variety of voices.Some people consider it as a normal phenomenon. While still some others consider it is not suitable or acceptable for a developing country, like China. The
11、y often say, the sports stars hold the level of responsibility less than the top of scientist, but the scientists salaries can not compare with the sports stars .So far as I am concerned, I am inclined to support the former voice. It is of no difficult for me to put forward some arguments to illustr
12、ate my standpoint. For one thing, sports stars are essential composition of culture market, and they are the driving force of sports market development. Due to thanks to the sports stars , the companywhich the sports stars belong to could earn a lot of money, and it made a lot of people earn living
13、from that.For another, sports stars play an activerole in social culture, young people do more physical training because they want similar to the sports stars.There is no denying fact that the people will have diverse views on this issue, but mystandpoint is clear and well founded in the foregoing d
14、iscussion. Therefore, I believe, the sports stars should earn high salaries.The causes and solutions of generation gap ?As we can see from the situation, the generation gap has becomea commonphenomenon.The parents consider that their children are out of control and they dislike whattheir children th
15、ink and do. On the other side, the children often complain their parents misunderstand about them, they think they have becometheir parent s goods rather than individual person.There are somepossible reasons for this phenomenon. For one thing, the major reason is the lack of communication between pa
16、rents and children. The children want to independent, but the parents think their children can not realize good or bad. For another, the environment which the parents lived is different from their children s. Therefore, they often hold different opinions on various problems.According to my understan
17、ding, the way of solution is the effective communication between parents and children. They should have an open talk and tell each other what they think about the certain problems. The parents should tell their children what should be done when they want to independent, and the children should tell
18、their parents what they really want.In a word, the communication may result inbetter relationship between children and parents.TV alienates families relationships. Agree or disagree?As TV station play more and more programs, people spend more and more time in the front of TV. Therefore, somepeople t
19、hink that TV alienates families relationship. They often say, people spend more time on watching TV, the time which family members used to talk or play. It was true?According to my understanding, only our self can affect the family s relationship rather than any thing, such as TV. Just like others,
20、I like watching TV and spend a lot of time in front TV, but my family s relationship have not been affected.There are somereasons for myview. For one thing, due to thanks to TV, our family s membersstay together for a long time in every night. For another, when our family members watch TV, we d like
21、 to talk about the content of program.Therefore, therelationship between us has been strengthened. On the contrary, instead of TV, the matter of that one person can not tolerate others is the one of major reasons of less tied.Therefore, my standpoint is clear and well founded in the forgoing discuss
22、ion. TV can not alienate families relationship.The causes and consequences of urbanizationAs we can see from this situation, urbanization has become a common social phenomenon. Why so many people came into city?There are some possible reasons for this phenomenon. For one thing,in the citypeople can
23、receive better education, have more job opportunities, and enjoy more convenience entertainment like shopping market and transplant.For another, withthe development of economy, the scale of city is enlarging,therefore, the farmerswho are resident in the nearby of city had lost their land and stream
24、into city.As a result, this situation leads various social problems . Weoften say, the price of house is higher and growing faster than before. Meanwhile, it also brings a lot of environment problems. As more and more people came into city, the city can not supply so muchjob opportunities, there are
25、 more unemployed than before, thus, the rate of crime has increased.Needless to say, the development leads to many severe problems. The key is what we should do before the situation get worse.The advantages and disadvantages of international tourismAs the rapid development of Chinese economy, more a
26、nd more people spend money on international tourism. Meanwhile, it received much public attention. Peoplesattitudes toward it vary greatly.Somepeople regard it as unsuitable for developing country, like China. They often say, the moneyshould be used to develop our country s economyrather than others
27、Weshould take more internal tourism thus the moneycan not lose to other countries.Some others view it as a normal phenomenon.As far as I amconcerned, I aminclined to support the later voice. The international tourism plays a positive role in our society.At the top of list, not onlytheinternational t
28、ourism promotes the exchange of information and technology, but itcreates a lot of job opportunities as well.is our driving force of working harder.tourism is a way of international communication, diversity and world peace.In a word, the international tourism shouldor even banned.What s more, the in
29、ternational tourismLast but not least, the international it is positive to the culturebe encouraged rather than discouragedThe advantages and disadvantages of job-hoppingAs we can see from this situation, job-hopping has becomea commonphenomenonamong graduates. According to newspapers survey, about
30、34% of graduates have changed their job in the first three years of their employment. Some of them had made even several changes.With regard to this phenomenon, people vary greatly in their viewpoint. Someargue that it is normal and acceptable tochange job. They also hold that job-hoppingcan bring h
31、igher income and better working environment.However, there are otherpeople wholook at this phenomenonin another way. For them, job-hopping can create an insecure condition. Besides, if one changes their job frequently, one can not build a sound basis for his career.As coin as two sides, it is no exc
32、eption to the phenomenon ofjob-hopping. As faras I am concerned, job-hopping should be encouraged in our country.Cooperation is more important than before. Agree or disagree?Whenever it comes to the important of cooperation, people s attitude toward that vary greatly. Some people often say thatin ou
33、r times the competition is moreimportant than cooperation, thus, the cooperation is less important than before.However, some others consider that cooperation is an important way to processing something.As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to support the later view. It is of nodifficulty for me to
34、 put forward some arguments to illustrate my standpoint. Forone thing, as the rapid development of economy, we confront more and more things than before. It need cooperation to processing, otherwise, we can not finish every thing on time. For another, as there are more frequent communications amongg
35、eneral public, the relationship among peoples is tighter than before. Cooperation can build trust between each other and help to bring long-term relationship.In a word, I draw my conclusion that cooperation is more important than before.保持健康的重要性;保持健康的方法;保持健康的结论As the rapid development of economyand
36、the steady improvement of living standard , more and more people take their attentions to health.The important of healthreceived more attention than before . Why does it take place?We often say, one person can not do anything unless he or she has a healthy body.That is the important of health.Health
37、 means that one person can enjoy life, andcan work better. On the contrary, not only we would spend a lot of money but also we would suffer the painfulness if we are sick.Howcan we keep health? The one of major ways is physical training. Physical training can help us to defend the viruses invasion a
38、nd keep health. Other ways include the good custom of life, no smoking, eating vegetables and so on.Therefore, I draw my conclusion that the health can make you feel better, save your money and time. But it is be supported by good measures of keeping health.My definition of friendshipWheneverit come
39、sto friendship, persons have various opinions on this topic. Some people regard it just as one kind of interpersonal relationship, such as relationship among colleagues.As far as I am concerned, I think friendship is different from interpersonal relationship, it is deeper than that.It has three char
40、acters. The first,it issatisfaction. Whenfriends grain together, each of them should feel satisfaction. Every one can talk about anything they want to talk.What s more, the secondcharacter is caring concerned. Friends care for each other.In that, the friendseach care about others, and do so for othe
41、rs sake. The third character is trustiness. Oneperson can tell something he or her would not dream of telling others to their friends.In a word, whatever the life condition is, every person can not without friend and friendship. Friendship is a wonderful matter, it let us tighter, it let us trusteac
42、h other, and it let us love each other.我爱我家中国领跑低碳经济按照气候组织的说法,中国已经 领跑低碳经济 。这家国际非营利机构在上月发布的中国的清洁革命R低碳商机报告中称:“中国企业目前已经在多个低碳产品和服务领域取得世界领先地位, 其中以可再生能源相关行业最为突出。 ” 其新闻稿中也有类似的说法: “中国在短时间内已经在一系列低碳技术的开发和商业化方面处于全球领先地位。”促进经济向低碳排放模式转型,既是各国在应对气候变化问题上取得的共识,也是新一轮国际经济竞争的主要着力点。在低碳经济 的竞争中,中国长期处于落后地位。难道中国竟然可以在短时间内创造奇迹,
43、变成低碳经济赛场上的“牙买加飞人”博尔特?这种奇迹真的发生了吗 ?事实恐怕并非如此。根据气候组织的报告, 最能说明中国 领跑低碳经济 的行业当属风能、 太阳能等可再生能源。其中,风能发电是“最为风光的”。中 国的风电装机在不到8 年的时间里突破1 千万千瓦,赶上印度成为亚洲第一,预计到明年还将超越德国和西班牙,成为仅次于美国的“榜眼”。但“风光”的背后,难以掩盖的是技术的落后和市场的无序。 实际上,中国的风电发展并不健康,这大概已经成为业内的共识。中国国家电力监管委员会的调研报告在肯定中国风电发展成效的同时,毫不客气地指出中国风电机组的关键技术研发水平和创新能力与国外相比明显落后,仍局限于材料
44、的选用和局部工艺改进,没有掌握风电整机总体设计方法的核心技术,换句话说,中国的风机制造企业,至今不过是外国企业在中国的“组装车间”。此外,中国企业“组装”出的风机,产品质量和运行可靠性都存在问题,国产机组可利用率与国外同类机型的机组相比明显偏低。被气候组织视为中国低碳经济另一亮点的太阳能光伏发电产业,同样不容乐观。的确,以无锡尚德为代表的一批光伏企业,已经使中国成为世界最大的光伏组件出口国。但无锡尚德的成功并不意味着中国已经在光伏发电相关技术方面占据领跑地位。中国光伏企业多半处于大规模制造状态,技术含量并不高。在光伏发电的上游,即多晶硅材料的生产中,中国企业也仍然需要从国外进口关键技术和设备。
45、更有甚者,一些多晶硅企业在生产中带来了严重污染,给“光伏发电”这个清洁产业蒙上了阴影。有人形象地称之为“消费在外,污染在内”。中国大力发展风电和光伏产业,本来是一件好事,但一定要合理布局,并注重技术创新,而最忌讳的莫过于头脑发热。尤其需要指出的是, 低碳经济绝不仅仅是风电和光伏。在中国的能源结构中,煤炭仍将长期占据主导地位。那么,提高煤炭的利用效率,开发清洁煤技术,理应成为中国发展低碳经济的重中之重。但是,与建设新的风电场相比,开发清洁煤技术要困难得多,大概也不容易体现出某些地方官员的政绩。此外,如何降低建筑、交通等行业的能耗,控制其温室气体排放,同样影响着中国 低碳经济 的未来。在这些方面,
46、中国也远未达到领跑世界的地步。应该说,中国近年来在低碳技术 和低碳经济发展上已经取得令人可喜的进步,但要像100米跑道上的博尔特那样傲视群雄,还有很长的路要走。参考范文:This article refutes the claim made by the Climate Group that China has takenthe lead in the race towards a low-carbon economy. The author analyses problems in the development of the country s renewable -energy sect
47、or such as wind and solar power. He/She points out that China lacks the technology it needs andis little more than the assembly workshop for foreign enterprises. The articleconcludes that in spite of the progress in recent years towards a low-carbon economy, China has to focus more on technology inn
48、ovation, environmental sustainability and overall strategic coordination, and there is still a long way togo before China becomes the Usain Bolt of the low-carbon race作为研究活动的科学是一个过程科学作为一种研究活动, 主要是由科学研究的主体即科学共同体、 科学家或科学人展开的。它包括这种活动的发生学和逻辑起点的科学目的或目标、动机或动力,包括两种主要的研究形式基础研究和应用研究,也包括在研究活动中不时运用的科学方法,以及知识生产
49、过程中最重要的两项活动科学发明 ( 或科学发现) 和理论评价。即使从科学家个人角度讲,科学研究活动也是一个漫长、曲折、复杂而且充满酸甜苦辣的过程。 且不说爱因斯坦为狭义相对论和广义相对论分别奋斗了整整10 年, 也不说他为统一场论奉献了 40 年余生还未取得实质性的成果, 仅仅是为了发现简单的实验定律, 他也需要耗费大量的时间和精力用于观察、实验、整理和分类数据、归纳、概括、推理、想象、检验等等。更不必提及科学共同体借助相互批判和相互检验的过程协商一致需要相当多的时日;也不必言说科学除了我们强调的是认识过程之外,还是一个错综复杂的社会过程、历史过程和文化过程。科学研究活动之所以是一个漫长而复杂
50、的过程,主要是由研究对象( 客观实在 ) 的深奥性、隐秘性和无限性以及研究主体的思想过程性决定的。关于前者,玻姆从微观现象的研究中洞察到,即使“基本粒子”也能被创造、湮灭和变换。这就表明,甚至“基本粒子”也不可能是终极实体, 它们也是从某一更深的运动层次抽象出来的相对不变的形式。 他说: “任何可描述的事件、对象、实体等,都是从未知的和不可定义的流运动总体中抽象出来的。这意味着,不管我们关于物理学定律的知识走得多么远,这些定律的内容所涉及的仍将是这样一些只具有相对的存在独立性和行为独立性的抽象。所以,人们不会被引导去假设,物体、事件集合的一切性质必定可用一组可知的终极实体加以说明。在任何阶段,
51、这些集合的更进一步的性质都可能产生,其终极根据应该被看成是全体流的未知总体。”玻姆也注意到,科学家的思维或思想具有过程性。他说:为了探究认知怎样被理解为过程的问题,我们首先注意到,一切知识都是在思想中产生、展开、传达、变换和运用的。在其变化运动中 ( 而不只在其相对明确定义的映象与观念的内容中 ) 来考虑,思想确实是过程,在其中知识具有其实际而具体的存在性。 思想过程是什么?思想实质上是记忆在生活的每个时期的能动反映。思想包括智力的、情绪的、感官的、肌肉的和生理的记忆反映。这些反映是一个不可分解的过程的一切侧面。分离地对待它们就会助长破碎化与混乱。它们全体是对每一实际境况的一个记忆反映过程,这
52、个反映又导致对记忆的进一步贡献,从而成为下一步思想的条件。科学作为研究活动或精神生产过程, 具有某些别具一格的特征。 多尔比把它们概括如下: (1)它遵循合理性的方法论。 方法论有时覆盖新洞察产生的过程( 或者这可能被归功于创造性的天才 ) ,它总是覆盖洞察借以确立为知识的过程。自 17 世纪以来,科学方法论便给出了竞争的论述,这在它们强调用合适的数学语言精确地描述和测量、系统地观察和仔细构造的实验方面有所不同。对方法论的初步要求是,它可靠地产生作为它的结果的知识,或者至少减少误差的可能性。立足于无批判地接受传统( 比如说流行的占星术) 的智力实践被认为是非科学的。 (2) 它在独特的建制框架
53、内被维持,该框架的首要意图是产生新知识,并与其他在面对批判中幸存下来的知识交流。在高等教育体系和科学研究机构中,科学的建制框架担负训练新一代研究者的任务。许多现代科学是如此深奥,以致它只能在这种建制框架内繁荣, 在此之外进行的智力事业往往容易被作为不科学的东西被打发掉。 (3) 科学会导致 它的从业者离开传统的常识形式。科学研究活动使用了日益增长的全套技术手段,尤其是各种科学仪器。科学研究起源于人的直接经验,但是不再固定于这种经验。毋宁说,它是在间接的以仪器为中介的特殊建制框架内被建构的。通过诉诸直觉的常识判断而不是诉诸学科专门化的特殊实践的智力事业,容易被视为非科学的东西。不过,我们还是要强
54、调,追求真理和诉诸证明构成科学活动过程的本质性的特征。追求真理贯穿在科学活动的始终从科学的目的和动机,到新知识从私人领域进入公共知识的宝库。诉诸证明渗透在所有基础研究和应用研究活动中,特别体现在科学的实证方法、理性方法乃至臻美方法中,它在科学发明和理论评价过程中更是须臾不可或缺的。参考范文:Science as a Process of ResearchBeyond its traditional definition as a static and systematic knowledge-base, science should also be regarded as a dynamic
55、process of acquiring new knowledgebased on various scientific methods. Setting out on an arduous journey, scientists collect observable evidence of natural or social phenomena, record measurable data relating to the observations, and analyze this information to construct theoretical explanations of
56、the nature and the properties of the world around us. In general, exploring the unknown is a rational and exciting adventure, which is oriented in the pursuit of truth and the appeal for justification国人应对经济衰退的主要方法买份收入保险? 你可以买一份与你每月的收入有联系的保险,这样你就每个月都有钱来偿还债务。举个例子来说,每月支付 35 英镑的保费购买一份“收入保护险”,受保人就为自己的税前收入的60保了险,付足一年保金后,每月最高可以得到l000 英镑的赔付。挑选一张王牌信用卡? 及时清偿信用卡和其他消费者应付账款至关重要,但信用卡发卡银行如今正在抬高价格,缩短“免息”期。虽然依惯例消费者使用信用卡有56 天的免息期,但是不少发卡商把这个期限缩短成了 50 天。同时,信用卡余额代偿业务的利息也在提高。如果你想换一张利息便宜点的卡,乐购卡和巴克莱银行OnePulse卡都可以接受从其他卡转移来的余额。据比价服务网站moneysupermarket. com 提供的资料,这两种卡在接受换卡之后的前 14 个月以内都对卡内余额给与免息,且免息期依然是56 天。每笔换卡业
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