英语工作说明书课件

1、Session 2How to write a right JD如何撰写精确适用的职位说明书美世咨询公司（Mercer Management Consulting）：世界上最大的人力资源管理咨询机构官方网站 . 美世的3P理论是Position,Performance,Person（不是Power）。2We Will Learn我们将要学习JDs definition and effects 职位描述的定义和作用JD preparation 职位说明书的准备工作JDs write method 职位说明书的撰写方法JD case and practice 职位说明书案例及练习3JD Is职位描

2、述是A exact instruction to each employees work assignment, contents and evaluation standard 对每个员工的工作任务和内容及考核标准的准确说明Individual work content, one of description in work scope 个人工作内容，工作范围的一个规定4JD Is职位描述是A Progress: JD is a process that identify organizations business strategy, and collocate effectively f

3、unction, responsibility and structureDescribe object: to achieve needs of organizations business strategys effective function, responsibly and structureJD is a process 职位描述是一个过程Analysis and differentiation 分析与识别Check and confirmation 检验与确认Writing and update 撰写与更新5A Responsibly Detail List: JD is a p

4、osition that relatively all of responsibility A Management Tool一个管理工具Exact JD status 准确的描述职位现状Position holder and supervisor agree-on 被任职者与主管共同接受To position provide exact information为职位评估提供准确信息Indicate positions long-term objective, as a base in individual objective setting and performance review指出职

5、位的长远目标，将作为个人目标设定与业绩考核的基础To position competency needs and develop useful information 为职位能力需要与开发提供有用的信息To select right position holder provide requirements 为遴选适当的任职者提供要求6JD Is NOT职位描述不是To person describe 对人的描述To performance evaluation 对业绩的评估7Why do we need JD?为什么要描述职位？Identify each positions role 明确每个

6、职位的角色Identify each positions contribution for organization objectiveProvide exact list that position holds, reduce the gap among “expected role”, “understanding role” and “ accepted role”Position holders point of view任职者角度Managers print of view管理者角度8Typical JD典型的职位说明书内容JDs purpose 职位的目的Position loca

7、tion in organization 职位在组织中的位置Position holders main reasonability 任职者的主要职责9Mercer added contents美世增加的内容Position size 职位的规模Network of internal and external 内部与外部交互的网络Lowest requirements for recruiting a position 职位在招聘时的最低要求Performance measure standard 业绩衡量标准10Positions Prepared Steps 职位描述的准备步骤1 Ident

8、ify Positions Purpose明确职位描述目的2 Review Organization Structure审核组织结构图3 Function Analysis职能分析4 Position Analysis职位分析5 Employee Communication员工沟通11JDs Preparation (1)职位描述的准备（1）JDs Purpose-When do we need JD?职位描述的目的 何时需要描述职位？Organization Change组织变革M&A 收购兼并（ Mergers and Acquisitions ）Split 拆分Organization

9、Restructure 组织结构重组Function Restructure 职能重组Position Restructure 职位重组Periodical updates 周期性更新12JDs Preparation (2)职位描述的准备（2）Review Organization Structure 审核组织结构图Organization structure expresses structure for responsibility allocation, corporation and correspond relationship 组织结构图是表达对工作责任的分配、合作及协调关系的架

10、构图13Clearly express all of department or positions interrelation 清楚地表明了所有部门或职位之间的相互关系Organization structure is not unchanged, when a organizational structure or organizational responsibility is changing, organization structure will change accordingly 组织结构图并非一成不变，当组织的构成或组织内的责任分配发生变化时，组织结构图会发生相应的改变。14

11、JDs Preparation (3)职位描述的准备（3）Job Analysis 职能分析Subject: Executive level 主体：高层管理者Organization coordinator: HR department/external consultants 组织协调者：人力资源部/外部顾问Results: list all of function and responsibility area to ensure no miss结果：列出所有的职能与职责区域，以保证没有遗漏Select typical position (optional) 选择典型职位（可选方法）15J

12、D职位说明书Expected role公司的要求Perceived role个人的理解Accepted role双方同意Distribute responsibility分配工作职责Assignment Clarification任务澄清Communication沟通Commission承诺，答应负责Position Requirement Recruitment Profile Basic tool of HR Management 职位的要求 招聘要求人力资源基本工具16JDs Preparation (5)职位描述的准备（5）Employee communication 员工沟通Back

13、-to-back 背对背Face-to-face 面对面Expected role公司的要求Perceived role个人的理解Accepted role双方同意Distribute responsibility分配工作职责Assignment Clarification任务澄清Communication沟通Commission承诺，答应负责17Write JD职位描述的撰写According to JD format, fill relative information and content for the position mapping, and then get JD 按职位说明书

14、的格式，将职位相关信息以及职位匹配的内容置入形成职位说明书Position holder draft firstly, and then discuss with supervisor 由任职者撰写初稿，再与主管讨论181. Identity 基本信息 IDENTITY基本信息 Date 日期Organization 组织名称 Department 部门Position Title 职位名称 Incumbent Name 任职者姓名 Approval签名Supervisor 主管职位名称 Supervisors Name 主管姓名 Approval签名192.Purpose 职位存在的目的PU

15、RPOSE (Why the position exists, within what limits and with what objectives) 目的：（职位存在的理由，限制条件和目标）20The Purpose defines the main role of the Position, and it answers 3 questions:职位存在的目的描述了职位的主要角色，它要回答这样三个问题：Why does this Position exists? 这个职位为什么存在？Within what limits does it operate? 这个职位在什么限制之下工作？Wit

16、h what long-term objectives? 它的长远目标是什么？The purpose is for “Why”, not for “How” or “What ” 职位目的只描述“为什么”，而不是“如何”、“什么” Could be written in the beginning, or be generated after finishing all other parts.可在开始时撰写，也可在职责描述完成后总结 21Purpose职位目的撰写With What Objectives ， Within Which Limits ，Why Does The Position

17、 Exist 为“什么目标”，在“什么限制条件下”，“做”Objectives 目的Limits 限制条件 Results 结果 Market Share 市场份额 Profit 利润 Sales 销售 Quantity 数量 Quality 素质 Service 服务 Policy 政策 Principles 原理 Guidelines 准则 Supervision 日常监督Organize 组织Instruct 指导Recommend 推荐Plan 计划Operate 操作活动To do what 做什么? 22Example of Purpose职位目的举例IT Services Sup

18、ervisor 信息系统主管 ：To advise and manage IT and communication services in all operations of the company within business goals and policies, with the objective of increasing working efficiency and productivity through technology.为了通过科技手段提高工作效率与生产力, 在公司经营目的及政策限制下,向公司各部门提供有关电脑管理及信息沟通服务的建议。23Accounting Supe

19、rvisor 会计主管 :To organize, coach and control the account service in XYZ company with accounting principle and methodology, with the objective of ensuring the delivery of accounting reports.为了按时按质地递交会计报表，在通用的会计法则和方法限制下，组织、指导、控制XYZ公司会计工作的开展。 24Examples of the Position Framework “Within”用词参考（目标与限制）“With

20、 What Objectives”目标Market 市场份额Performance 业绩Profitability 利润Efficiency 效率Productivity 生产率Quality 质量Service 服务Deadlines 期限Safety 安全Continuity 持续性“Within Which Limits”限制Laws 法律Values 价值观Principles 原则Policies 政策Strategies 策略Guidelines 方针Patterns 模型Methods 方法Techniques 技术Systems 体系Practices 作法Customs 习惯

21、Procedures 程序Conditions 条件Models 模式Rules 规定Routines 常规Instructions 指示Regulations 规则Criteria 准则25Thinking and Action Verbs用词参考（做什么） Search 调查 Evaluate 评估 Develop 改善 Propose 提议 Advice 建议 Thinking 思考 Decision 决策 Action 行动Initiate 发起Participate 参与Contribute 贡献Recommend 推荐Plan 计划Decide 决策Organize 组织Imple

22、ment 实施Direct / manage 指导/管理Execute / realize 执行/实行Control 控制Supervise 监督Revise 修改Adapt 应用264. Operating Network 工作联系网络The Operating Network shows the contacts and interaction the position has with other parties inside (internal) and outside (external) the organization, and which party impacts whom.

23、工作联系网络显示这个职位与组织内、外部联络的对象，以及相互影响的关系Not include daily communication. 不包括日常交流Not only the procedures before and after work flow. 不仅仅指流程前、后道工序EXTERNAL 外部EXTERNAL 外部INTERNAL 内部27Definition of Operating Network工作联系网络定义Supervisor直接上级Subsidiary直接下属Other Departments （集团）其他部门 Influence: Direction, policy, dec

24、ision影响方式：指导、方针、决策等Influence: Instruction, regulation, laws, market, etc.影响方式：指导、规则、法律、市场等 Influence: Instruction, order, market, etc.影响方式：指导、指令（命令）、市场等EXTERNAL外部EXTERNAL外部Other Departments （集团）其他部门 Other Positions本公司（部门）其他职位Other Positions本公司（部门）其他职位28Example of Operating Network工作联系网络举例人力资源总监HRDGe

25、neral Manager总经理Government 政府机关HR Association人力资源协会HR Consultant人力资源顾问HR Consultant 人力资源顾问External Service 外部服务机构Applicator 应聘者Subsidiary直接下属 HR VP集团人力资源副总裁EXTERNAL外部EXTERNAL外部HR Manager子公司人力资源经理 Finance Director财务总监Sales Director销售总监295. Minimum Requirements 最低任职要求This section specifies the minimum

26、 qualifications and skills that a candidate needs to be recruited in this position. Depending on the recruitment policy, these requirements could be for full operational level or lower if training and guidance are provided.招聘本职位任职者的最低要求，但如果公司提供相应的培训与指导，也可根据招聘政策相应降低MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS 最低要求Education

27、/Experiences 教育/经验Education: Background, professional skills, special education, training, etc.教育：学历，专业技术，特殊教育，培训等；（衡量标准：证书，学位等）Experiences: Local, multinational, Special talent, General talent, how many years?经验：本地，跨国，专才，通才，几年？Special transferable background should be notified.特殊可转化的背景应被注明Specific

28、Knowledge & Skills 特别知识/技能Specific knowledge and skills, not included in the education / experiences, are required for the position.指教育/经验未能含盖的特别知识与技能Language, Computer skills, special Technical skills , Communication skills, etc.如语言，计算机，特殊技术，沟通等30Example of Minimum Requirements最低任职要求举例MINIMUM REQUI

29、REMENTS 最低要求Education /Experience 教育/经验Bachelor Degree covering HR and Business Management人力资源或工商管理专业本科学历Extensive HR Management experience in multi-cultural environment跨国公司人力资源管理的丰富经验Specific Knowledge & Skills 特别知识/技能Language: Fluent English语言：流利英语Computer: Familiarity with Personnel management in

30、formation systems计算机：熟悉人事管理信息系统Others: Good communication and inter-personal skills其他技能：优秀的沟通与人际技能316. Responsibilities 主要职责correspond to a permanent objective and indicate precisely the expected results主要的职责和期望的贡献pay attention to long-term and continuous responsibilities, without reference to a tim

31、e frame关注长期、持续的职责，尽量少地考虑时间性express “what” (responsibility) in stead of “how” (task);描述“做什么”，而不是“如何做”Headings 标题Ranking 序号Objective + Definition 目的定义12MEASUREMENT CRITERIA 衡量标准Quantitative 数量Qualitative 质量RESPONSIBILITY 主要职责32Example of writing responsibilities (1)主要职责写法举例（1）Heading 标题Objective 目的Fin

32、al result 结果Verbs of reflection / action动词（思考性、行为性）Activity 活动Marketing 市场营销in order to 为了Expansion and profitability市场扩张与利润率 Assess, recommend, plan, organize评估，建议，计划，组织Marketing activities市场营销活动Marketing 市场营销Assess market conditions and trends, recommend, plan and organize marketing activities in

33、order to ensure companys expansion and profitability.为了确保公司的市场扩张和利润率目标的实现，评估市场情况与趋势，建议、计划与组织市场营销活动。33Example of writing responsibilities (2)主要职责写法举例（2）Cash-flow Management 现金流管理in order to 为了Liquidity, investment return流动率，投资回报Forecast, control, invest预测，控制，投资Cash-flow 现金流Cash flow management 现金流管理F

34、orecast short-term and long-term capital demand, control debts, credits and excessive investment in order to maintain sufficient liquidity and maximize return on investment.为了维持足够的流动现金与最大的投资回报，预测短期与长期的资金需求，控制债务、债权以及过度投资。Heading 标题Objective 目的Final results 结果 Verbs of reflection / action动词（思考性、行为性）Ac

35、tivity 活动34Example of writing responsibilities (3)主要职责写法举例（3）Training 培训in order to 为了Application of knowledge and skills知识与技能的应用Identify, advise, plan, organize, coordinate, follow-up识别，建议，计划，组织，协调，跟踪Training 培训课程Training 培训Identify training needs, advise, plan, organize, coordinate and follow-up t

36、raining programs in order to increase employees skills and performance.为了提高员工的知识技能与业绩表现，识别培训需求，建议、计划、组织、协调以及跟踪培训课程的开展。Heading 标题Objective 目的Final results 结果 Verbs of reflection / action动词（思考性、行为性）Activity 活动35Glossary of Action Verbs动词指南Administer 管理Advise 建议Analyze 分析Assign 指派Approve 批准Appraise 评价A

37、ssist 协助Accredit 授权Suggest 提议Provide 提供Support 支持Plan 计划Control 控制Coordinate 统筹Decide 决策Develop 发展Direct 指导Drive 推动Ensure 保证Establish 建立Execute 实施Forecast 预测Evaluate 评估Maintain 维护Organize 组织Motivate 激励Negotiate 谈判Involve 参与Fulfill 履行Audit 审核Facilitate 督导Collect 收集Identify 识别Enhance 提高Report 汇报Gather

38、 募集Demur 提出异议Revise 修改Select 遴选Appoint 指定set down 制定Study 研究Communicate 传达Interpret 传递Coach 教导Confirm 确认Present 演示Verify 检验367. Measurement Criteria 衡量标准“How you can prove you make a great achievement in this responsibility area?”“你如何证明你在这个职责领域取得了好成绩？”Sales volume, market share, client satisfaction,

39、 employee satisfaction, traning feedback销售额，市场份额，客户满意，员工满意，培训反馈 The fewer the criteria, the clearer the picture 衡量标准越少越明确Quantity + Quality数量质量Finance + Technology + Evaluation 财务技术评价The seemingly straightforward responsibility can be measured by criteria depending on the business strategy and corpo

40、rate culture of the company.一个职责可以被多种标准衡量，最终由组织文化和企业战略决定取舍“sales” “销售” ：sales volume 销售额 sales growth 销售增长number of clients 客户数 number of new clients 新增客户数market shares 市场份额Measurement criteria, per se, do not indicate an incumbents performance. Rather, they are indicators or yardsticks by which to

41、measure results.衡量标准并非业绩目标，但是可以在目标设定的过程中被设定为业绩目标. 37Examples of Measurement Criteria衡量标准举例Objectivity 客观 Subjectivity 主观 Figures 数据 Contract Value 合同金额 Operating Cost 运营成本 Sales turnover 销售额 Production output 产量 Ratios 比率 Absenteeism 缺勤率 Market Share 市场份额 Margin per capital每单位毛利 Staff turnover 员工流失率

42、 Scale of Values 价值衡量 Service Efficiency 服务的效度 Service Quality 服务质量 General Description 一般描述 Satisfaction/dissatisfaction from clients, supervisor or users客户、主管、用户的满意/不满意表示Supervisors Comments, Clients feedback主管的意见，用户的反馈38Examples of Measurement Criteria衡量标准举例（续）Cost 成本Unit cost 单位成本Standard cost 标

43、准成本General expenses 一般费用Payroll 工资Expenses 费用Cost / investment 成本/投资Actual versus budget 实际发生额与预算比Time 时间Deadlines 期限日Production time 生产周期Processing time 处理周期Speed 速度Units per man-hour 单位/每人工时Quantity 数量Gross margin / net margin 毛利/净利Investment yields 投资产量Production per capita 平均生产率Market share 市场份额

44、Quality 质量Clarity of objectives 目标的明确性Quality of communication 沟通质量Service reliability 服务可靠度Customer satisfaction 客户满意Human 人的反映Complaints 投诉Feedback 反馈Staff turnover 人员流动率Morale / climate 士气/文化39Job Description Case Finance Director职位说明书案例财务总监Department部门Finance Department财务部Date日期Position Name职位名称

45、Finance Director财务总监Position Holder任职者Xia夏XXPosition Holder Confirmation任职者确认Supervisor Position Name主管职位名称Supervisor Name主管姓名Zhu朱XXSupervisor Confirmation主管确认Objective (reason for the position, constraint and goal)目的（职位存在的理由，限制条件和目标）In order to ensure corporate accounting management guideline and e

46、fficiency, establish corporate accounting policy and operating process under corporate management guideline and national accounting system regulation; ensure corporate accounting system efficiency, sufficient corporate operation funding supply, and minimum interest and tax expend; and ensure most op

47、timized corporate financial/capital structure and finance security为了确保公司财务管理的规范和效率，在公司管理规范和国家财务会计制度的规定下，制定公司财务政策及操作方法，确保公司财务体系的高效运作，公司经营的充足资金供应，及最小的利息和税务支出确保公司最优的财务/资本结构及财务安全 Basic Information 基本信息40Job Description Case (Continued)职位说明书案例（续）All Sales Departments, All Function Departments各营销部门/各职能部门F

48、inance Director财务总监External外 部External外 部Senior Operation VP高级营运副总裁All Departments in Subsidiary Companies各子公司财务部门All Positions in Finance Department财务部所有职位Corporate Finance Department, Corporate Audit Department集团财务部门/集团审计部 Tax bureau 税务部门 Finance bureau 财务部门 Audit bureau (independent audit, corpor

49、ate audit, specific area audit) 审计部门（独立审计、集团审计、专项审计等） Shanghai Stock Exchange 上交所 Customers (checking bills) 客户（对帐等） Banks 银行 Suppliers 供应商 Banks 银行 Corporate President, Other VP公司总裁，公司其他副总裁41Job Description Case (Continued)职位说明书案例（续）Minimum Position Requirement 最低任职要求Education Level/Experience 教育程度

50、/经验Minimum bachelor degree, minimum 6 years professional experience, minimum 3 years professional management experience大学本科以上学历、专业工作经验6年以上、专业管理经验3年以上Specific Knowledge and Skills 特别知识和技能Understand financial information system management 了解财务信息系统的管理Understand national accounting, tax, and finance pol

51、icy and regulation 了解国家财务、税务和金融相关的政策法规Accounting modelling and accounting analysis capability 财务模型和财务分析能力Risk management consciousness and experience 风险管理意识和经验42Job Description Case (Continued)职位说明书案例（续）Responsibility 职责范围Measurement 衡量标准Establish corporate annual budget 起草制定公司年度预算Lead overall corporate annual operation/budget